{"id":457909,"date":"2026-07-26T04:18:22","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T11:18:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=457909"},"modified":"2026-07-26T04:18:24","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T11:18:24","slug":"new-yorks-wind-permitting-scandal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=457909","title":{"rendered":"New York\u2019s \u00a0Wind Permitting Scandal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

From Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Roger Caiazza<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I am convinced that implementation of the Climate Leadership & Community Protection Act<\/a> (Climate Act) net-zero mandates will do more harm than good if the future electric system relies only on wind, solar, and energy storage because of reliability challenges, affordability risks, and unacceptable environmental impacts.  While I have written numerous articles here about my reliability and affordability concerns, this is my second post describing New York\u2019s horrible wind and solar permitting<\/a> process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

New York Renewable Generation Permitting<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

New York\u2019s renewable siting framework has shifted through three major regimes in just over a decade, each one stripping away more local control and speeding approvals for utility\u2011scale wind, solar, and transmission lines. Under Article 10 of the Public Service Law (2011\u20132020), large electric generating facilities were reviewed case\u2011by\u2011case by a Siting Board in what was nominally a quasi\u2011judicial process, with intervenor funding, evidentiary hearings, and some room for host communities and expert witnesses to test developer claims on issues like noise, visual impacts, and wildlife mortality. In 2020, the Legislature and Cuomo Administration declared that Article 10 was too slow for Climate Act timelines and replaced it for most renewables with the Office of Renewable Energy Siting (ORES) under Executive Law 94\u2011c, creating a streamlined, highly prescriptive permit system that pre\u2011empted most local laws, compressed schedules, and shifted the burden to communities to show why a project should not be approved. Most recently, the Hochul Administration and Legislature doubled down with the 2024 RAPID Act, folding siting of generation and major transmission into an even more centralized \u201cone\u2011stop\u201d process explicitly designed to accelerate Climate Act build\u2011out, further marginalizing traditional environmental review norms and local land\u2011use authority in favor of hitting megawatt and mile targets on paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Invenergy\u2019s Alle-Catt Wind Energy Center<\/a> is a 340-megawatt wind power generation facility in Allegany, Cattaraugus, and Wyoming Counties, New York.  It is a scandalous example of the environmental impacts I am concerned about.  In the rush to permit the project New York agencies have created a monster.  It creates significant adverse environmental impacts and delivers meager climate benefits. The agencies allowed the developer to construct most of the 83 4 MW wind turbines. However, it cannot be legally commissioned or operated until it proves compliance with a 40 dBA nighttime noise limit at all non\u2011participating homes.  The rest of the article summarizes the issues.  Readers interested in the details should check out my post<\/a> on my blog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How the permit got broken<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under Article 10, Condition 68(d)(vi) required Alle\u2011Catt to submit a Pre\u2011Construction Noise Impact Assessment (PNIA) at least 60 days before \u201cCommencement of Full Construction,\u201d proving that the final design would meet a 40 dBA annual nighttime sound level at all existing non\u2011participating residences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cattaraugus County Legislator Brenda Hanson notes in her June 24, 2026 letter<\/a> that Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s own December 3, 2025 PNIA predicts that noise at \u201cmost receptors\u201d will exceed the 40 dBA Lnight (annual nighttime level) goal. The Coalition of Concerned Citizens\u2019 attorney<\/a>, Gary Abraham, points out that Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s later, March 24, 2026 PNIA\u2014filed in redacted form\u2014also shows annual nighttime noise above 40 dBA at many non\u2011participating homes, even after the applicant\u2019s modeling tricks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Independent acoustician Robert Rand<\/a> goes further. Using the methodology the Siting Board actually approved in prior wind cases, he reconstructs Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s long\u2011term nighttime source power and propagation and concludes that restoring the project\u2019s 2 dB \u201cdiscount\u201d from an improper ground absorption factor shows the 40 dBA Lnight goal cannot be met at 19 non\u2011participating residences and 36 non\u2011participating properties. In addition, there are hundreds of acoustic paths from turbines to residents with concave topography, where the receptor is in a line of sight to the turbine and little or no ground absorption occurs to dampen the noise. Alle-Catt acknowledged this problem in earlier PNIAs but avoided analyzing it in its latest one. In short, under valid assumptions, Alle\u2011Catt is not designed to  meet the noise condition the developer accepted when it took the certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despite that clear condition, the Public Service Commission approved \u201cfull construction\u201d in April 2026 before any compliant night\u2011noise PNIA was approved, allowing foundations and turbines to go up while the core protective condition remained unresolved.  Later in April the Siting Board\u2019s own order simultaneously states that Alle\u2011Catt \u201ccannot commission or operate any wind turbines\u201d until several conditions, including the 40 dBA PNIA, are approved, creating the current situation of erected but non\u2011operable turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Environmental and health impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are numerous environmental impacts.  The Article 10 record anticipates 480\u2013515 bird deaths per year, including six state\u2011listed threatened or endangered species, and at least 41 bald eagle fledglings killed or nest failures over 30 years, with most turbines located in \u201cHigh Mortality Risk to Eagles\u201d zones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For bats, Alle\u2011Catt is expected to kill 26,000\u201339,500 individuals over 30 years, including two threatened or endangered species, and even the developer\u2019s own Exhibit 22 admits that local bat populations will not survive the project\u2019s mortality levels.  The project will clear about 1,550 acres of interior forest and fragment another 1,686 acres out of approximately 5,900 acres of interior forest, degrading habitat for birds and bats through lost cover and disrupted movement, roosting, and nesting behavior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, since certification, Alle\u2011Catt reduced turbine count from 116 to 83 but kept total capacity at 340 MW by shifting to larger Vestas V150\u20114.5 machines instead of the previously modeled GE 3.6\u2011137 units.  The swept area of each V150\u20114.5 rotor is about 17,671 m\u00b2, roughly 20% larger than the 14,741 m\u00b2 swept by the GE 3.6\u2011137, increasing blade area moving through air and thus collision risk as well as expanding the noise footprint.  Low\u2011frequency \u201cthump\u201d from blade\u2011tower interaction becomes more pronounced with these larger machines, compounding concerns already raised by the State Department of Health about public\u2011health risks from turbine noise and shadow flicker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meager climate benefits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even if you believe CO2 is the control knob for climate, New York <\/a>GHG emissions<\/a> are less than one half of one percent of global emissions and global emissions have been increasing on average by more than one half of one percent per year since 1990, so the numbers do not support that premise.  On May 7, 2026<\/a> Coalition of Concerned Citizens\u2019 attorney, Gary Abraham filed a letter that showed that Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s claimed climate benefits are non-existent.  The developer\u2019s analysis reliesy on assumed downstate emissions reductions that, in turn, depend on transmission upgrades that do not exist and are not planned.  The project is located in a grid region that is already largely low\u2011carbon, meaning its output will mostly displace other low\u2011carbon resources rather than fossil generation, and it cannot retire upstate fossil plants because those are needed to backstop intermittent wind.  In effect, rural communities bear irreversible habitat loss and health risks for a project whose net emissions benefits are \u201cmeager\u201d at best\u2014hardly the transformative climate win touted in Climate Act rhetoric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cumulative Environmental Impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I have long held the position that the Hochul Administration has not properly accounted for cumulative environmental impacts.  In my comments presented on the draft Energy Plan<\/a> I noted that the last update of the cumulative environmental impact assessment of the transition to net zero was completed in 2020.  Onshore wind projected capacity is 145% higher than previously analyzed, offshore wind is 62% higher, and solar is 241% higher than the maximum scenario expectation in the latest cumulative assessment.  Last year\u2019s State Energy Plan\u2019s Net Zero scenario calls for about 15,700 MW of onshore wind, which translates to roughly 3,800 turbines similar to Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s; if impacts scale proportionally, statewide wildlife and habitat impacts would be roughly 46 times those documented for Alle\u2011Catt\u2019s 83 turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now What?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cattaraugus County Legislator Brenda S. Hanson<\/a> filed a letter on June 30, 2026 requesting information regarding the current permitting situation and lays out a layered enforcement framework that now hangs over Alle\u2011Catt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. PSC has already ordered that Alle\u2011Catt cannot commission or operate any turbines until a compliant PNIA under 68(d)(vi) is approved.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Certificate Condition 10 gives DPS staff authority to issue stop\u2011work or stop\u2011operation orders wherever construction or maintenance violates the certificate or a DPS order.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. The certificate spells out a non\u2011compliance remediation timeline: within 60 days of a non\u2011compliance finding, Alle\u2011Catt must file operational and physical minimization options; within 90 days, it must implement operational mitigation; within 150 days, physical mitigation\u2014and if those are not timely implemented, the non\u2011compliant turbines \u201cmust not be operated\u201d until compliance is shown.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Certificate Condition 17 allows the Board to seek penalties not only against the certificate holder but its contractors, and 16 NYCRR 1000.16(e) preserves the Board\u2019s jurisdiction to suspend or revoke the certificate at any point before the final compliance filing is approved. Finally, Public Service Law \u00a7168(5) requires DPS to \u201cmonitor, enforce and administer\u201d compliance with certificate terms. Hanson asks DPS to confirm in writing that it will use these tools if Alle\u2011Catt attempts to operate without meeting the 40 dBA Lnight condition.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    From a New York renewable permitting perspective, that enforcement puzzle is telling. Either DPS enforces its own orders and certificates, which may leave Alle\u2011Catt as a stranded, non\u2011operating monument to bad siting and unrealistic transmission assumptions, or it loosens protections and quietly tolerates non\u2011compliance to keep the project on the books as \u201crenewable capacity\u201d helping to meet goals. Neither path protects the environment, and tolerating non\u2011compliance is not protective of public health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    On July 23, 2026, Cattaraugus County and Abraham\u2019s Coalition of five environmental groups filed petitions<\/a> requesting that the Siting Board declare what Alle-Catt\u2019s obligations are in light of the Board\u2019s refusal to remove the night noise goal, and Alle-Catt\u2019s inability to demonstrate it can comply. The petitions note that permission to proceed with operations must still be obtained. We will have to wait and see how the Board resolves this mess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Alle\u2011Catt shows what Climate Act renewable energy implementation looks like when you strip away the aspirational language and press releases. A rural region loses interior forest, critical bird and bat habitat, and landscape integrity to hundreds of megawatts of industrial turbines. Neighbors face unacceptable nighttime noise and shadow flicker that the State Department of Health has already flagged as public\u2011health risks, while the developer cannot even demonstrate compliance with a noise limit under valid modeling assumptions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Most importantly, advocates may argue that these impacts are acceptable, but the lack of a comprehensive cumulative environmental impact assessment prevents us from knowing the full impacts of the projected build\u2011out of wind and solar projects necessary to meet Climate Act goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    Roger Caiazza blogs on New York energy and environmental issues at Pragmatic Environmentalist of New York<\/a>.  This represents his opinion and not the opinion of any of his previous employers or any other company with which he has been associated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Even if you believe CO2 is the control knob for climate, New York GHG emissions are less than one half of one percent of global emissions and global emissions have been increasing on average by more than one half of one percent per year since 1990, so the numbers do not support that premise.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":457911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Even if you believe CO2 is the control knob for climate, New York GHG emissions are less than one half of one percent of global emissions and global emissions have been increasing on average by more than one half of one percent per year since 1990, so the numbers do not support that premise.","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691829997,691821824,691818154,691840041,691844258,691841179,691818728],"class_list":["post-457909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-carbon-dioxide-co","tag-climate-leadership-community-protection-act-climate-act","tag-net-zero","tag-new-york-climate-act","tag-new-york-ghg-emissions","tag-office-of-renewable-energy-siting-ores","tag-wind-and-solar","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/0-New-Yorks-Wind-Permitting-Scandal.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1V7D","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":426145,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=426145","url_meta":{"origin":457909,"position":0},"title":"New York Climate Act Issues","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"02\/14\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"The Climate Act established a New York \u201cNet Zero\u201d target (85% reduction in GHG emissions and 15% offset of emissions) by 2050.\u00a0 Among its interim 2030 targets is a reduction target of 40% less GHG emissions and a 70% renewable energy electricity mandate.\u00a0","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate Act\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate Act","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-act"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/00AQOlQDvL4uu5p_oOka3qjeO-3CvfPJ-rChkJwg9qk-xmOvAqVtre5pA6ZpDGA_jhuPzLUjrGxZv-LxSwtvxsu1FXSzD0exy_TDjXMpWmHH7Q12OZ3nB4J3OrTpzimxN9-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C599&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/00AQOlQDvL4uu5p_oOka3qjeO-3CvfPJ-rChkJwg9qk-xmOvAqVtre5pA6ZpDGA_jhuPzLUjrGxZv-LxSwtvxsu1FXSzD0exy_TDjXMpWmHH7Q12OZ3nB4J3OrTpzimxN9-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C599&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/00AQOlQDvL4uu5p_oOka3qjeO-3CvfPJ-rChkJwg9qk-xmOvAqVtre5pA6ZpDGA_jhuPzLUjrGxZv-LxSwtvxsu1FXSzD0exy_TDjXMpWmHH7Q12OZ3nB4J3OrTpzimxN9-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C599&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/00AQOlQDvL4uu5p_oOka3qjeO-3CvfPJ-rChkJwg9qk-xmOvAqVtre5pA6ZpDGA_jhuPzLUjrGxZv-LxSwtvxsu1FXSzD0exy_TDjXMpWmHH7Q12OZ3nB4J3OrTpzimxN9-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C599&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/00AQOlQDvL4uu5p_oOka3qjeO-3CvfPJ-rChkJwg9qk-xmOvAqVtre5pA6ZpDGA_jhuPzLUjrGxZv-LxSwtvxsu1FXSzD0exy_TDjXMpWmHH7Q12OZ3nB4J3OrTpzimxN9-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C599&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":411725,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=411725","url_meta":{"origin":457909,"position":1},"title":"NY Politicians Face Climate Act Consequences","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"11\/05\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"There has been a new development for New York\u2019s Climate Leadership & Community Protection Act (Climate Act) net-zero plan. 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This year they blew right by that deadline. But today, 8+ weeks late, it appears that a new budget\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"April Fool\u2019s Day\"","block_context":{"text":"April Fool\u2019s Day","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=april-fools-day"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-ChatGPT-Climate-And-Energy-Provisions-In-New-Yorks-FY-2027-Budget-Making-The-Coming-Crash-Worse.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-ChatGPT-Climate-And-Energy-Provisions-In-New-Yorks-FY-2027-Budget-Making-The-Coming-Crash-Worse.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-ChatGPT-Climate-And-Energy-Provisions-In-New-Yorks-FY-2027-Budget-Making-The-Coming-Crash-Worse.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-ChatGPT-Climate-And-Energy-Provisions-In-New-Yorks-FY-2027-Budget-Making-The-Coming-Crash-Worse.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-ChatGPT-Climate-And-Energy-Provisions-In-New-Yorks-FY-2027-Budget-Making-The-Coming-Crash-Worse.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/457909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=457909"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/457909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":457917,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/457909\/revisions\/457917"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/457911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=457909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=457909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=457909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}