{"id":447366,"date":"2026-05-30T05:04:36","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T12:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447366"},"modified":"2026-05-30T05:04:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-30T12:04:38","slug":"australian-renewable-investments-evaporated-in-2025-reaching-a-ten-year-low","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447366","title":{"rendered":"Australian renewable investments evaporated in 2025 reaching a ten-year low"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"447368\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=447368\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?fit=2508%2C1672&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2508,1672\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;National flag of Australia from thick colored smoke on a black isolated background&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0Australian-flag-smoke\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;National flag of Australia from thick colored smoke on a black isolated background&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-447368\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=640%2C427&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">National flag of Australia from thick colored smoke on a black isolated background<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfact.org\/2026\/05\/30\/australian-renewable-investments-evaporated-in-2025-reaching-a-ten-year-low\/#\">CFACT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfact.org\/author\/cap-joanne-nova\/\">Joanne Nova<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Australia is supposed to be going hell for leather to install renewables in order to pretend it has a chance of making Labor\u2019s 82% reduction in emissions target by 2030. Instead investors are running away:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/business\/the-economy\/investors-desert-australia-s-renewable-rollout-at-critical-juncture-20260525-p600cr.html\">Investors desert Australia\u2019s renewable rollout at \u2018critical juncture\u2019<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mike Foley and Nick Toscano,<em>&nbsp;Sydney Morning Herald<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investment in <strong>renewable projects<\/strong> collapsed by 50 per cent over the past year, wiping out $4 billion in spending on the rollout, compromising the<strong> Albanese government\u2019s clean energy targets <\/strong>and spurring industry warnings that the delays could raise <strong>electricity bills<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It\u2019s always a critical juncture for renewables isn\u2019t it? It\u2019s like that for things that serve no useful purpose and levitate on <strong>subsidies<\/strong>. Investors must bet on which way the political wind will blow, and last year, after the Trump win, renewable energy took a hit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Financial commitments for new renewable generation projects fell to a 10-year low in 2025 of $4.4 billion, half the value of projects that reached financial close in 2024, according to the <strong>Clean Energy Council\u2019s annual report<\/strong>, published on Tuesday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investors are fleeing because of all the usual reasons not to invest \u2014 there\u2019s a glut of solar power at noon that curtails every kind of generator and makes prices so low they go negative. Manufacturing and transportation costs are lifting off. Added to that, all the new areas for<strong> wind and solar plants<\/strong> have no transmission lines built to them yet, and the farmers hate the proposed high voltage lines. Community resistance is organized and growing. Around the world skeptical governments are winning elections and the <strong>golden subsidy deals<\/strong> might vanish any day now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cue the next crazy plan where our Energy Minister thinks data centers will rescue his ludicrous target:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theaustralian.com.au\/business\/renewable-energy-economy\/energy-minister-banks-on-datacentre-boom-to-prop-up-flagging-investment-in-renewables\/news-story\/91ec99eee9bc15f12202a0c913b3a6d5\">Energy Minister banks on data-centre boom to prop up flagging investment in renewables<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>By Perry Williams and Elizabeth Pike,<em>&nbsp;The Australian<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Energy Minister Chris Bowen<\/strong> has bet that <strong>Australia\u2019s booming data-centre industry<\/strong> can reverse the slower-than-expected rollout of wind farms amid fears a slump in \u00adfinancing projects will result in Labor failing to hit its 2030 renewables target.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Data centres could help wind farm projects get off the ground as part of a proposed edict for operators to underwrite new renewable power supply and pay their full share of new grid connectivity, so costs are not passed on to consumers or businesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As if AI data centres would want to jump through all those Australian hoops and regressive taxes to make it happen here, when they can set up in the US where electricity is half the price?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The kind of dumb datacenters that serve up Netflix need to be near their customers because the lag times matter, but AI datacenters don\u2019t because no one cares if their answer comes 500 milliseconds later. Australia could have been a master hub of AI development for the world if we wanted to burn our coal, gas, or uranium, instead, we pray to the Eco-Lords to attract datacentres for gaming or watching reruns of the Hunger Games so they might install a few more industrial wind parks, kill off some excess koalas, and cool us by zero degrees by 2100.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This article originally appeared at&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/joannenova.com.au\/2026\/05\/australian-renewable-investments-evaporate-in-2025-reaching-a-ten-year-low\/\">JoNova<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Australia is supposed to be going hell for leather to install renewables in order to pretend it has a chance of making Labor\u2019s 82% reduction in emissions target by 2030. Instead investors are running away:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":447368,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691841712,691818216,691842783,691824443,691819094,691818299,691818728],"class_list":["post-447366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-ai-data-centres","tag-australia","tag-climate-and-energy-minister-chris-bowen","tag-electricity-bills","tag-renewable-green-energy","tag-subsidies","tag-wind-and-solar","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0Australian-flag-smoke.jpg?fit=2508%2C1672&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1SnA","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":263343,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=263343","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":0},"title":"Australia getting \u2018ripped off\u2019 by Albanese&#8217;s renewable energy push","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/22\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Former Deputy prime minister Barnaby Joyce says Australia is getting \u201cripped off\u201d by the Albanese government\u2019s renewable projects with solar panels and wind turbines being imported from overseas.","rel":"","context":"In \"Albanese government\"","block_context":{"text":"Albanese government","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=albanese-government"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-22-135149.png?fit=982%2C567&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-22-135149.png?fit=982%2C567&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-22-135149.png?fit=982%2C567&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-22-135149.png?fit=982%2C567&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":282027,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=282027","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":1},"title":"Lunacy Unplugged: Renewable Energy Debacle Proves Clowns Are Clearly In\u00a0Charge","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/05\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Adelaide blackout from the plane - Sept 2016 From STOP THESE THINGS When disaster threatens the rational retreat, but the clown soldiers on and even doubles down, accelerating the race to oblivion. Facts are treated with contempt; reality with derision. So it is with the grand wind and solar transition.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Australian energy grid\"","block_context":{"text":"Australian energy grid","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=australian-energy-grid"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0Adelaide-blackout-from-the-plane-Sept-2016.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0Adelaide-blackout-from-the-plane-Sept-2016.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0Adelaide-blackout-from-the-plane-Sept-2016.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0Adelaide-blackout-from-the-plane-Sept-2016.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0Adelaide-blackout-from-the-plane-Sept-2016.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":257005,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=257005","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":2},"title":"Hydrogen Fraud? The Newest Twist in Australia\u2019s Renewable Energy Insanity","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/12\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Apparently a $2 billion headstart for the hydrogen economy will solve all our problems, and certification will reduce the risk of hydrogen fraud.","rel":"","context":"In \"hydrogen\"","block_context":{"text":"hydrogen","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=hydrogen"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0shutterstock_1771574972-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C664&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0shutterstock_1771574972-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C664&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0shutterstock_1771574972-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C664&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0shutterstock_1771574972-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C664&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0shutterstock_1771574972-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C664&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":261166,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=261166","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":3},"title":"Sign Here: Corporate Fraudsters Ready to Cash In On Grand \u2018Green\u2019 Hydrogen\u00a0Plans","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/07\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Loose talk about fast bucks to be made in so-called \u2018green\u2019 hydrogen has shysters salivating. Much like the characters who have profited from the massive subsidies to utterly pointless wind and solar, the hydrogen huckster knows an opportunity when he sees one.","rel":"","context":"In \"Australia\u2019s Eastern Grid\"","block_context":{"text":"Australia\u2019s Eastern Grid","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=australias-eastern-grid"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0fww_featured_HydrogenHype1-2880x1200-v2A-1-1980x825-1.png?fit=1200%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0fww_featured_HydrogenHype1-2880x1200-v2A-1-1980x825-1.png?fit=1200%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0fww_featured_HydrogenHype1-2880x1200-v2A-1-1980x825-1.png?fit=1200%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0fww_featured_HydrogenHype1-2880x1200-v2A-1-1980x825-1.png?fit=1200%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0fww_featured_HydrogenHype1-2880x1200-v2A-1-1980x825-1.png?fit=1200%2C500&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":263431,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=263431","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":4},"title":"Grattan Institute: Australia Should Shut Down Domestic Gas to Hit Net Zero","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/23\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"If you think renewables are cheaper, why is everyone\u2019s electricity bill going up, in nations which are embracing renewables? Why all the talk of \u201cenergy efficiency\u201d, which is a nice way of saying energy rationing? And\u00a0if renewables are so cheap, why is energy storage such a \u201cwicked problem\u201d, which requires\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"greenhouse emissions\"","block_context":{"text":"greenhouse emissions","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=greenhouse-emissions"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0stupidity-sign-72d4e5c19709f038.jpg?fit=1200%2C1066&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0stupidity-sign-72d4e5c19709f038.jpg?fit=1200%2C1066&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0stupidity-sign-72d4e5c19709f038.jpg?fit=1200%2C1066&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0stupidity-sign-72d4e5c19709f038.jpg?fit=1200%2C1066&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0stupidity-sign-72d4e5c19709f038.jpg?fit=1200%2C1066&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":266437,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=266437","url_meta":{"origin":447366,"position":5},"title":"Spectator: Aussie Opposition Leader\u2019s Call for Nuclear to Backup Renewables is Wrong","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/09\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Why Dutton needs coal not renewables or nuclear","rel":"","context":"In \"Australia\"","block_context":{"text":"Australia","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=australia"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/00d478ce82-566b-4c2a-902e-d2a1abdcc0ad.webp?fit=1200%2C846&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/00d478ce82-566b-4c2a-902e-d2a1abdcc0ad.webp?fit=1200%2C846&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/00d478ce82-566b-4c2a-902e-d2a1abdcc0ad.webp?fit=1200%2C846&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/00d478ce82-566b-4c2a-902e-d2a1abdcc0ad.webp?fit=1200%2C846&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/00d478ce82-566b-4c2a-902e-d2a1abdcc0ad.webp?fit=1200%2C846&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447366","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=447366"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447366\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":447379,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447366\/revisions\/447379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/447368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=447366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=447366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=447366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}