{"id":447125,"date":"2026-05-28T13:16:05","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T20:16:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447125"},"modified":"2026-05-28T13:16:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T20:16:06","slug":"warmer-antarctic-regions-amplify-temperature-shifts-more-than-colder-interiors-due-to-temperature-dependent-greenhouse-feedbacks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447125","title":{"rendered":"Warmer Antarctic Regions Amplify Temperature Shifts More Than Colder Interiors \u2013 Due to Temperature-Dependent Greenhouse Feedbacks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"496\" data-attachment-id=\"447160\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=447160\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?fit=1214%2C832&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1214,832\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?fit=723%2C496&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=723%2C496&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-447160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=1024%2C702&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=300%2C206&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=768%2C526&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=640%2C439&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?resize=1200%2C822&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AQNiqWMs0giBt0mmee1CATTWhxTPN3cn6icerpGwAErKYuQdxzZYgH8mswe6XT16NOyimhj66_fIkdoDssrtbBiCQlim3YoaSQ0WD8ENgtwwE21G879HDA4VuCtnFzF_.jpeg?w=1214&amp;ssl=1 1214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rodinia <\/strong>was a Mesoproterozoic to <strong>Neoproterozoic supercontinent <\/strong>that assembled around 1.3\u20130.9 billion years ago (Ga) and broke up between roughly 750\u2013633 million years ago (Ma). It is the best-known Precambrian supercontinent and played a major role in the <strong>extreme climate and evolutionary events <\/strong>of the Late Proterozoic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rodinia formed through worldwide orogenic (mountain-building) events, notably the <strong>Grenville Orogeny <\/strong>(~1.3\u20131.0 Ga), by accreting fragments of the older supercontinent <strong>Columbia (Nuna)<\/strong>. Most reconstructions place Laurentia (ancestral North America + Greenland) at its center, with other cratons arranged around it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rodinia was largely positioned in <strong>low to tropical latitudes (equatorial belt)<\/strong>, unlike later supercontinents. It was surrounded by the superocean Mirovia. Reconstructions rely on paleomagnetism (for latitude), matching orogenic belts, and geological correlations, as longitude is harder to constrain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The breakup increased continental margins, seafloor spreading, and exposure of fresh rock, boosting chemical weathering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Role in Snowball Earth<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rodinia\u2019s tropical position was critical for the Cryogenian \u201cSnowball Earth\u201d glaciations (~720\u2013635 Ma):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Enhanced silicate weathering:<\/strong> Warm, wet tropics accelerated CO\u2082-consuming reactions on silicate rocks, drawing down atmospheric greenhouse gases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bare rock albedo:<\/strong> No land vegetation existed, so continents had high reflectivity (~0.35 for granite), reflecting strong tropical sunlight and amplifying cooling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Breakup further increased weathering rates by creating more exposed surface area and a more active hydrological cycle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These factors, combined with a fainter Sun (~94\u201395% modern luminosity) and ice-albedo feedback, helped push Earth into extreme glaciations. Models show that a Rodinia-like configuration with bare continents makes Snowball states achievable at much higher CO\u2082 levels than today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rodinia exemplifies how supercontinent cycles drive long-term climate, carbon cycle, and biological evolution. Its story ties directly into the ice-albedo feedback, temperature-dependent radiative processes, and isotope records we\u2019ve discussed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Neoproterozoic carbon cycle (roughly 1,000\u2013541 Ma)<\/strong> was highly dynamic and anomalous compared to the Phanerozoic. It featured extreme carbon isotope excursions, prolonged low-latitude glaciations (Snowball Earth events), and major shifts in oxygenation, all linked to <strong>Rodinia\u2019s assembly\/breakup<\/strong>, enhanced weathering, and evolving biological and tectonic influences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During glaciations, weathering nearly shut down under ice, flipping the cycle toward CO\u2082 accumulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>carbon cycle<\/strong> was tightly<strong> coupled to oxygen<\/strong>. Increased organic burial helped rise atmospheric O\u2082, stressing anaerobic life but enabling complex multicellular organisms (Ediacaran biota). Anoxic or ferruginous oceans during glaciations led to banded iron formations. Post-glacial oxygenation pulses followed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, the <strong>Neoproterozoic carbon cycle<\/strong> acted as a <strong>volatile &#8220;thermostat&#8221; <\/strong>pushed to extremes by unique tectonic (Rodinia) and solar conditions. It created environmental stresses that likely accelerated the evolution of complex life leading into the Cambrian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Snowball Earth <\/strong>refers to extreme global glaciations (primarily in the Cryogenian period, ~720\u2013635 million years ago) where ice sheets reached the equator, covering much or nearly all of the planet&#8217;s surface. Evidence includes glacial deposits in tropical paleolatitudes, &#8220;cap carbonates,&#8221; and other geological markers. These events ended with massive CO\u2082 buildup from volcanoes, creating a greenhouse effect strong enough to melt the ice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A recent study highlights how a bare supercontinent like Rodinia, positioned mostly in the tropics around 700\u2013600 million years ago, could have helped trigger or amplify &#8220;Snowball Earth&#8221; glaciations during the Neoproterozoic era.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">_____________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Temperature-dependent feedbacks drive the pattern of Antarctic temperature change<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A recent study (Markle &amp; Steig, PNAS, May 2026) identifies a fundamental, persistent pattern in Antarctic temperature changes driven by temperature-dependent feedbacks, primarily a nonlinearity in the greenhouse effect at very cold temperatures.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This paper identifies a robust, predictable spatial pattern in Antarctic temperature variability across timescales (millennial to orbital, ~400,000 years) using refined ice-core water-isotope reconstructions: <strong>warmer baseline sites (typically coastal\/lower-elevation, e.g., ~\u221220\u00b0C to \u221230\u00b0C) exhibit larger temperature changes (\u0394T) than colder interior\/high-elevation sites (e.g., \u221250\u00b0C to \u221260\u00b0C) for the same large-scale forcing.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This holds for both warming (e.g., deglaciation) and cooling phases and across different drivers (orbital, CO\u2082, ocean heat transport, etc.). It explains most inter-site differences in records like WAIS Divide (stronger response) vs. Dome C or Vostok (weaker).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Simple Planck Response<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Planck response<\/strong> (blackbody radiative cooling) predicts the opposite: colder surfaces should show larger \u0394T for a given energy imbalance because outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) follows \u03c3T\u2074. Differentiating gives dT\/dF \u2248 1\/(4\u03c3T\u00b3), so sensitivity rises sharply at low T.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Antarctica&#8217;s temperature range, this alone would imply coldest sites amplify changes most. Observations show the reverse for large-scale events, ruling out uniform response or pure Planck as the dominant pattern.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The Dominant Mechanism: Nonlinear Greenhouse Effect as a Temperature-Dependent Feedback<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The key is the <strong>greenhouse effect (GHE = surface upward LW \u2212 TOA OLR) <\/strong>becoming strongly nonlinear at Antarctic temperatures (below ~\u221220\u00b0C).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Water vapor dominance:<\/strong> Its saturation vapor pressure follows the Clausius-Clapeyron relation (~exponential with T). At very cold temps, the atmosphere holds extremely little water vapor \u2192 GHE approaches zero, and TOA OLR nears blackbody surface emission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As T rises modestly, water vapor increases more effectively (especially from warmer baseline sites), strengthening the GHE (more downward LW to surface). This amplifies warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The slope d(GHE)\/dT steepens with higher initial T in the Antarctic range \u2192 greater positive feedback (amplification) at warmer sites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This integrates what are often separated as<strong> water vapor + lapse-rate feedbacks <\/strong>(plus some shortwave\/cloud effects). It is diagnosed from reanalysis\/satellite (e.g., AIRS, NCEP) and matches radiative-convective models and GCM output (e.g., CESM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Feedback equation<\/strong> (simplified, following Roe 2009):<br>\u0394T = [\u03bb\u2080 \u0394F] \/ [1 \u2212 c(T) \u03bb\u2080]<br>where \u03bb\u2080 is Planck sensitivity (~larger at cold T), and c(T) = d(GHE)\/dT (increases with T in Antarctic range). The net effect reverses the Planck pattern.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This feedback is &#8220;fast&#8221; (atmospheric) and responds to any mean energetic forcing, explaining its persistence across timescales and mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Evidence and Robustness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ice cores: <\/strong>Consistent pattern in 8+ deep cores after improved isotope-to-temperature conversion (accounting for source effects and distillation nonlinearities). pnas.org<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Modern observations\/reanalysis: <\/strong>Matches spatial patterns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Models:<\/strong> Radiative and full GCMs reproduce the nonlinearity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Deviations:<\/strong> Residual differences from the expected pattern allow isolation of local effects, e.g., ice-sheet elevation changes. The paper revises WAIS Divide elevation history during deglaciation, aligning with geology and modeling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Evidence and Robustness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ice cores:<\/strong> Consistent pattern in 8+ deep cores after improved isotope-to-temperature conversion (accounting for source effects and distillation nonlinearities).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Modern observations\/reanalysis:<\/strong> Matches spatial patterns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Models: <\/strong>Radiative and full GCMs reproduce the nonlinearity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Deviations: <\/strong>Residual differences from the expected pattern allow isolation of local effects, e.g., ice-sheet elevation changes. The paper revises WAIS Divide elevation history during deglaciation, aligning with geology and modeling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is a elegant process-based insight from paleodata that refines how we interpret Antarctic records and model polar climate. It highlights basic physics (water vapor thermodynamics + radiative transfer) creating predictable emergent patterns. The study is very recent (May 2026), so further model intercomparisons and proxy tests are likely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Published: <\/strong>PNAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s1473550426100329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOI: 10.1017\/s1473550426100329<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Authors: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2513383123#con1\">Bradley R.&nbsp;Markle<\/a> &nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2513383123#con2\">Eric J.&nbsp;Steig<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antarctica is an important component of the Earth\u2019s climate system. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here we investigate temperature change in Antarctica across a range of timescales, from millennial to orbital, over the last&nbsp;&nbsp;y, using a compilation of ice-core water-isotope records. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We identify a persistent pattern of change in which the temperature variability of an Antarctic site increases with its mean surface temperature. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the entire continent warms, the warmest parts of Antarctica warm more; when the entire continent cools, the warmest parts cool more. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This pattern is inconsistent with the Planck response, the simplest possible null hypothesis for Antarctic temperature change. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, a temperature-dependent feedback explains the fundamental pattern of temperature change. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The feedback arises from a nonlinearity of the greenhouse effect, evident only at the cold surface temperatures of the Antarctic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This feedback may be initiated by any mean energetic forcing and thus manifests across all timescales. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Local deviations from the expected pattern of temperature change indicate regional forcing such as changes in ice-sheet elevation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We reconstruct the surface elevation of the main ice divide in West Antarctica over the last deglaciation, finding a history that is supported by geological and glaciological evidence and consistent with ice-sheet modeling.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A recent study highlights how a bare supercontinent like Rodinia, positioned mostly in the tropics around 700\u2013600 million years ago, could have helped trigger or amplify &#8220;Snowball Earth&#8221; glaciations during the Neoproterozoic era. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":447160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691843344,691843343,691843346,691818296,691843345,691843348,691843342,691843349,691843347],"class_list":["post-447125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-bare-rock-albedo","tag-enhanced-silicate-weathering","tag-extreme-climate-and-evolutionary-events","tag-greenhouse-effect","tag-neoproterozoic-carbon-cycle","tag-planck-response","tag-snowball-earth","tag-temperature-dependent-radiative-feedback","tag-volatile-thermostat","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1SjH","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":469963,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=469963","url_meta":{"origin":447125,"position":0},"title":"Gondwana Was a True Supercontinent\u2014and It Helped Spark the Explosion of Life on Earth","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/11\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Gondwana (also called Gondwanaland) was a vast southern supercontinent that existed from the late Neoproterozoic through much of the Paleozoic and into the Mesozoic. It is one of the best- documented ancient landmasses in Earth\u2019s history. The Cambrian explosion (roughly 541- 520 million years ago, peaking around 538- 520 Ma)\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Cambrian explosion\"","block_context":{"text":"Cambrian explosion","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cambrian-explosion"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Gondwana-Was-a-True-Supercontinent%E2%80%94and-It-Helped-Spark-the-Explosion-of-Life-on-Earth.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Gondwana-Was-a-True-Supercontinent%E2%80%94and-It-Helped-Spark-the-Explosion-of-Life-on-Earth.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Gondwana-Was-a-True-Supercontinent%E2%80%94and-It-Helped-Spark-the-Explosion-of-Life-on-Earth.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Gondwana-Was-a-True-Supercontinent%E2%80%94and-It-Helped-Spark-the-Explosion-of-Life-on-Earth.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Gondwana-Was-a-True-Supercontinent%E2%80%94and-It-Helped-Spark-the-Explosion-of-Life-on-Earth.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":447081,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447081","url_meta":{"origin":447125,"position":1},"title":"Subduction on a Cooling Planet Drove the Stepwise Rise of Atmospheric Oxygen","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/28\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Supercontinent cycles\u2014 the periodic assembly and breakup of Earth's major landmasses\u2014have been linked to oxygenation events through tectonic, erosional, volcanic, and biogeochemical feedback.","rel":"","context":"In \"biogeochemical model (COPSE)\"","block_context":{"text":"biogeochemical model (COPSE)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=biogeochemical-model-copse"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Subduction-on-a-Cooling-Planet-Drove-the-Stepwise-Rise-of-Atmospheric-Oxygen.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Subduction-on-a-Cooling-Planet-Drove-the-Stepwise-Rise-of-Atmospheric-Oxygen.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Subduction-on-a-Cooling-Planet-Drove-the-Stepwise-Rise-of-Atmospheric-Oxygen.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Subduction-on-a-Cooling-Planet-Drove-the-Stepwise-Rise-of-Atmospheric-Oxygen.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, 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During the lifespan of Pangea, atmospheric CO\u2082 and global temperatures showed a clear long-\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"atmospheric CO\u2082 via volcanism\"","block_context":{"text":"atmospheric CO\u2082 via volcanism","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=atmospheric-co%e2%82%82-via-volcanism"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Pangeas-Megamonsoon-The-Supercontinents-Extreme-Wet-Dry-Climate-Engine.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Pangeas-Megamonsoon-The-Supercontinents-Extreme-Wet-Dry-Climate-Engine.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Pangeas-Megamonsoon-The-Supercontinents-Extreme-Wet-Dry-Climate-Engine.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Pangeas-Megamonsoon-The-Supercontinents-Extreme-Wet-Dry-Climate-Engine.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Pangeas-Megamonsoon-The-Supercontinents-Extreme-Wet-Dry-Climate-Engine.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":468092,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=468092","url_meta":{"origin":447125,"position":5},"title":"210- Million- Year- Old Dinosaur Unearthed from a Houseboat Expedition Is Zimbabwe\u2019s Fifth Named Species","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/04\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Phylogenetic analyses place it in the clade Unaysauridae, a group of early sauropodomorph dinosaurs restricted (so far) to the Late Triassic of Gondwana. 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