{"id":442854,"date":"2026-05-07T04:10:22","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T11:10:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442854"},"modified":"2026-05-07T04:10:23","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T11:10:23","slug":"solar-peaks-accelerate-space-junk-fallout-new-threshold-reshapes-orbital-decay-forecasts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442854","title":{"rendered":"Solar Peaks Accelerate Space Junk Fallout: New Threshold Reshapes Orbital Decay Forecasts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"485\" data-attachment-id=\"442855\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=442855\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1168,784\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0 Solar Peaks Accelerate Space Junk Fallout New Threshold Reshapes Orbital Decay Forecasts\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?fit=723%2C485&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?resize=723%2C485&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-442855\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?resize=1024%2C687&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?resize=768%2C516&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?resize=640%2C430&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?w=1168&amp;ssl=1 1168w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Increased solar activity during the peak of the Sun&#8217;s ~11-year cycle causes space junk (and satellites) in low Earth orbit (LEO) to lose altitude and re-enter Earth&#8217;s atmosphere faster.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Sun emits more extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation during solar maximum (when sunspot numbers are high).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This heats and expands Earth&#8217;s thermosphere (the upper atmosphere layer where LEO objects orbit, roughly 160\u20132,000 km altitude).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The expanded atmosphere increases density at orbital altitudes, creating greater atmospheric drag on objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Drag slows the objects down, lowering their orbits and accelerating decay until they burn up on re-entry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This effect is well-known in principle, but a May 6, 2026, peer-reviewed study from India&#8217;s Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (ISRO) provided strong new quantification using 36+ years of data on 17 long-lived debris pieces across solar cycles 22\u201324.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Decay isn&#8217;t linear. Below a certain level, altitude loss is gradual. Once sunspot numbers reach roughly 67\u201375% (about two-thirds) of the cycle&#8217;s peak, there&#8217;s a sharp &#8220;transition boundary&#8221; where decay rates increase noticeably. This ties directly to rising thermospheric density.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">_____________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characterizing solar cycle influence on long-term orbital deterioration of low-earth orbiting space debris<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;Characterizing solar cycle influence on long-term orbital deterioration of low-earth orbiting space debris&#8221;<\/strong> is the title of a peer-reviewed paper published on May 6, 2026, in Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Led by Ayisha M. Ashruf (corresponding author) with co-authors Ankush Bhaskar, C. Vineeth, and T.K. Pant from the <strong>Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (ISRO)<\/strong>, Thiruvananthapuram, India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers analyzed <strong>36+ years<\/strong> of Two-Line Element (TLE) orbital data for <strong>17 long-lived space debris objects<\/strong> in Low Earth Orbit (LEO, primarily 600\u2013800 km altitudes). These objects, launched in the 1960s, provided a consistent dataset across <strong>Solar Cycles 22, 23, and 24<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They correlated orbital decay rates with solar activity proxies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sunspot Number (SSN)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>F10.7 cm radio flux index<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supporting EUV flux measurements (e.g., SOHO\/SEM)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key Findings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Non-linear threshold effect:<\/strong> Orbital decay rates increase sharply when SSN reaches ~67\u201375% of the cycle&#8217;s peak value. This marks a &#8220;transition boundary&#8221; where enhanced solar EUV radiation heats and expands the thermosphere, significantly raising atmospheric density and drag at LEO altitudes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cycle-to-cycle trends:<\/strong> Peak decay rates declined progressively from the stronger Solar Cycle 22 to the weaker Cycle 24, mirroring the long-term decrease in solar activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Modeling and validation:<\/strong> Ballistic coefficients from earlier cycles + NRLMSIS 2.0 atmospheric density model successfully predicted Cycle 24 decay (with scaling factors) for most objects. Lower-inclination objects matched well; two high-inclination (~99\u00b0) objects deviated, suggesting model limitations at high latitudes\/polar regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Geomagnetic activity:<\/strong> Indices like AE and Dst showed weak correlation with long-term decay, indicating solar EUV-driven thermospheric changes dominate over geomagnetic effects (Joule heating, particle precipitation) on these timescales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Implications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Improved predictions:<\/strong> The identified SSN\/F10.7 threshold enables better forecasting of re-entry times and periods of elevated risk during solar maximum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Space traffic management:<\/strong> Helps operators plan fuel use for active satellites, refine conjunction assessments, and leverage natural &#8220;cleanup&#8221; during high solar activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Model refinement: <\/strong>Highlights needs for better atmospheric density models, especially for polar orbits, as mega-constellations grow in LEO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the first study to provide such long-term, multi-cycle observational quantification using passive debris (which don&#8217;t perform station-keeping maneuvers, making them ideal tracers of drag). An earlier arXiv preprint (2024) was titled &#8220;Deciphering Solar Cycle Influence&#8230;&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Published:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/partners\/frontiers\/\">Frontiers<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/astronomy-and-space-sciences\/articles\/10.3389\/fspas.2026.1797886\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.3389\/fspas.2026.1797886<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Ayisha M. Ashruf, Ankush Bhaskar, C. Vineeth, and T.K. Pant<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rapid increase in space debris poses a major threat to sustainable space operations and underscores the importance of understanding long-term drivers of orbital decay. Because debris objects do not perform station-keeping maneuvers, their orbital evolution directly reflects variations in thermospheric density, unlike that of operational satellites. This makes space debris an effective natural testbed for examining the long-term influence of solar activity on atmospheric drag. This study analyzes the impact of solar activity on the decay of 17 LEO debris objects across solar cycles 22, 23, and 24 using Two-Line Element (TLE) data. TLE-derived decay profiles, combined with sunspot numbers (SSN) and the F10.7 index, reveal a threshold: decay rates rise sharply when SSN exceeds&nbsp;\u223c67%\u201375% of its cycle peak, corresponding to increased Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) fluxes, thermospheric density and atmospheric drag. Peak decay rates declined progressively from cycle 22 to 24, reflecting reduced solar activity. Decay profiles for cycle 24 &#8211; predicted using ballistic coefficients from earlier cycles and MSIS 2.0 atmospheric densities &#8211; match observations well after applying a scaling factor. However, two high-inclination objects showed significant deviations, suggesting possible MSIS limitations at high latitudes, while lower-inclination objects aligned closely. Moreover, geomagnetic activity indices such as AE and Dst show little correlation with long-term orbital decay rates, suggesting a comparatively weaker role at the timescales examined, for Joule heating and particle precipitation than for solar EUV forcing in driving sustained orbital decay. Overall, the findings support solar EUV-driven thermospheric variability as a primary factor influencing long-term orbital decay and emphasize the need to refine atmospheric models, particularly for polar regions, to improve reentry predictions and satellite mission planning.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Increased solar activity during the peak of the Sun&#8217;s ~11-year cycle causes space junk (and satellites) in low Earth orbit (LEO) to lose altitude and re-enter Earth&#8217;s atmosphere faster. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":442855,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691842828,691842832,691842834,691842833,691842831,691842829,691842830],"class_list":["post-442854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-atmospheric-drag","tag-cycle-to-cycle-trends","tag-geomagnetic-activity","tag-modeling-and-validation","tag-non-linear-threshold-effect","tag-space-physics-laboratory","tag-vikram-sarabhai-space-centre-isro","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1RcO","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":370784,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=370784","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":0},"title":"No, Smithsonian Magazine, Climate Change Is Not the Main Driver of Satellite Collision Risk\u2014The Sun Is","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/18\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"A recent article from\u00a0Smithsonian Magazine\u00a0(SM) titled\u00a0\u201cClimate Change Might Increase Satellite Collisions, Limiting How Many Can Safely Orbit Earth, Study Finds\u201d\u00a0claims that human-induced climate change is causing the upper atmosphere to contract, reducing drag on satellites and space debris, which could lead to more collisions. This is misleading if not outright\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\"","block_context":{"text":"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=carbon-dioxide-co%e2%82%82"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0space-satellite-orbiting-the-earth-elements-of-this-image-furnished-by-nasa_nyxocevvyx_thumbnail-1080_01.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0space-satellite-orbiting-the-earth-elements-of-this-image-furnished-by-nasa_nyxocevvyx_thumbnail-1080_01.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0space-satellite-orbiting-the-earth-elements-of-this-image-furnished-by-nasa_nyxocevvyx_thumbnail-1080_01.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0space-satellite-orbiting-the-earth-elements-of-this-image-furnished-by-nasa_nyxocevvyx_thumbnail-1080_01.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0space-satellite-orbiting-the-earth-elements-of-this-image-furnished-by-nasa_nyxocevvyx_thumbnail-1080_01.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260236,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=260236","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":1},"title":"Geomagnetic Storms Pump Terawatts into the\u00a0Thermosphere","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/02\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"A series of geomagnetic storms in 2023 has pumped terawatts of energy into Earth\u2019s upper atmosphere, helping to push the temperature and height of Earth\u2019s upper atmosphere to a 20-year high. Air surrounding our planet is touching satellites in low Earth orbit and dragging them down.","rel":"","context":"In \"Earth\u2019s upper atmosphere\"","block_context":{"text":"Earth\u2019s upper atmosphere","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=earths-upper-atmosphere"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0yellowstone-1.webp?fit=1024%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0yellowstone-1.webp?fit=1024%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0yellowstone-1.webp?fit=1024%2C580&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0yellowstone-1.webp?fit=1024%2C580&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":397664,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=397664","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":2},"title":"Change in Reflected Solar Electro-Magnetic Radiation During CERES Era","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/25\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"This article examines the seasonal variation in Earth\u2019s reflectivity through the CERES era.\u00a0 Changes in solar forcing over the same period are examined with the objective of identifying possible linkages to the measured change in reflectivity.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPRx03Ab9b22RU3_YepCvVM61ax_ke3XIaPITVugQIvk8GUpZSC4Bc2kBLrC2UtSX_NeZgK5qvI_gVOnFXMQL2htX6kIEeepMR0VNcjLQoKrIS3hY9redwii3V-WwEHV5UC8LVjbV-WCgZnkI3C2cJjMUVsnA-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPRx03Ab9b22RU3_YepCvVM61ax_ke3XIaPITVugQIvk8GUpZSC4Bc2kBLrC2UtSX_NeZgK5qvI_gVOnFXMQL2htX6kIEeepMR0VNcjLQoKrIS3hY9redwii3V-WwEHV5UC8LVjbV-WCgZnkI3C2cJjMUVsnA-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPRx03Ab9b22RU3_YepCvVM61ax_ke3XIaPITVugQIvk8GUpZSC4Bc2kBLrC2UtSX_NeZgK5qvI_gVOnFXMQL2htX6kIEeepMR0VNcjLQoKrIS3hY9redwii3V-WwEHV5UC8LVjbV-WCgZnkI3C2cJjMUVsnA-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPRx03Ab9b22RU3_YepCvVM61ax_ke3XIaPITVugQIvk8GUpZSC4Bc2kBLrC2UtSX_NeZgK5qvI_gVOnFXMQL2htX6kIEeepMR0VNcjLQoKrIS3hY9redwii3V-WwEHV5UC8LVjbV-WCgZnkI3C2cJjMUVsnA-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPRx03Ab9b22RU3_YepCvVM61ax_ke3XIaPITVugQIvk8GUpZSC4Bc2kBLrC2UtSX_NeZgK5qvI_gVOnFXMQL2htX6kIEeepMR0VNcjLQoKrIS3hY9redwii3V-WwEHV5UC8LVjbV-WCgZnkI3C2cJjMUVsnA-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":299296,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299296","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":3},"title":"A Curious Correlation -Sunspots vs. Major Hurricane Frequency","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"02\/01\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"How about the weather on the other planets in our solar system? Might it be influenced by galactic cosmic rays just like here on Earth? The clouds of Neptune captured by the Hubble Space Telescope were obtained over nearly 30 years over which is plotted the solar UV radiation during\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Cosmic Rays (CR)\"","block_context":{"text":"Cosmic Rays (CR)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cosmic-rays-cr"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-The-clouds-of-Neptune.jpeg?fit=1172%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-The-clouds-of-Neptune.jpeg?fit=1172%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-The-clouds-of-Neptune.jpeg?fit=1172%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-The-clouds-of-Neptune.jpeg?fit=1172%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-The-clouds-of-Neptune.jpeg?fit=1172%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260970,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=260970","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":4},"title":"Thermosphere is Cooling, Bad for Satellites. Thermosphere is Heating, Bad for Satellites.","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/06\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"There\u2019s a long running joke about\u00a0stories with the structure: world will end tomorrow women and minorities hurt the most. Either that or heads I win tails you lose after reading the following two articles.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0timed.webp?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0timed.webp?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0timed.webp?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0timed.webp?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0timed.webp?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":279431,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=279431","url_meta":{"origin":442854,"position":5},"title":"Zharkova on Solar Forcing and Global\u00a0Cooling","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/19\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The following interview will show \u2013 if there were still the need to show it \u2013 that\u00a0the climate system\u00a0is quite far to be well understood, thereby it is\u00a0quite far from\u00a0the truth any claim according to which on the matter\u00a0\u201cscience is settled\u201d,\u00a0as Al Gore and the IPCC have been claiming for\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-571.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-571.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-571.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-571.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-571.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Solar-Peaks-Accelerate-Space-Junk-Fallout-New-Threshold-Reshapes-Orbital-Decay-Forecasts.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=442854"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":442873,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442854\/revisions\/442873"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/442855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=442854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=442854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=442854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}