{"id":442079,"date":"2026-04-30T12:24:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T19:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442079"},"modified":"2026-04-30T12:24:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T19:24:11","slug":"extinct-was-an-illusion-this-greek-volcano-quietly-grew-a-massive-magma-reservoir-for-over-100000-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442079","title":{"rendered":"\u201cExtinct\u201d Was an Illusion: This Greek Volcano Quietly Grew a Massive Magma Reservoir for Over 100,000 Years"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"1024\" data-attachment-id=\"442080\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=442080\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?fit=816%2C1440&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"816,1440\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"0  \u201cExtinct\u201d Was an Illusion This Greek Volcano Quietly Grew a Massive Magma Reservoir for Over 100,000 Years\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?fit=580%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?resize=580%2C1024&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-442080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?resize=580%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 580w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?resize=170%2C300&amp;ssl=1 170w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?resize=768%2C1355&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?resize=640%2C1129&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?w=816&amp;ssl=1 816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Researchers from <strong>ETH Zurich <\/strong>and collaborators reconstructed ~700,000 years of volcanic history at <strong>Methana<\/strong>, a peninsula volcano in the Saronic Gulf. It&#8217;s part of the <strong>South Aegean Volcanic Arc<\/strong>, formed by the subduction of the African plate beneath the Aegean microplate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The team reconstructed ~700,000 years of volcanic history at<strong> Methana<\/strong> (a peninsula volcano in the Saronic Gulf, ~50\u201360 km southwest of Athens, Greece) using detailed <strong>petrochronology<\/strong> \u2014 combining geochemistry, isotopes, and<strong> zircon U-Th\/Pb geochronology<\/strong>. They analyzed data from over 1,250 zircon crystallization ages across 31 eruptive units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Methana experienced multiple eruptive phases separated by long pauses. Its <strong>longest quiescence<\/strong> lasted <strong>&gt;100,000 years <\/strong>(roughly 280,000\u2013168,000 years ago). During this interval, there were <strong>no recognized surface eruptions<\/strong>, which might have led observers to classify the volcano as &#8220;extinct&#8221; or fully dead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Olivier Bachmann (ETH Zurich)<\/strong> noted that this means reassessing threat levels for volcanoes quiet for tens of thousands of years but with periodic magmatic signals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cQuiet doesn\u2019t always mean safe.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cExtinct\u201d<\/strong> is a human label based on surface behavior, but magmatic systems operate on much longer timescales. A volcano that has been quiet for millennia may simply be in a <strong>\u201csilent growth\u201d phase<\/strong> \u2014 still very much alive beneath the surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This <strong>doesn\u2019t mean panic<\/strong> for Methana or similar volcanoes, but it does mean greater caution in how we define and monitor volcanic risk globally. Long dormancy can be misleading comfort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, <strong>zircon crystallization<\/strong> (a proxy for active magma presence, cooling, and differentiation in the crust) <strong>did not stop<\/strong>. It actually <strong>peaked <\/strong>during this long quiet period. This indicates that <strong>magma production continued vigorously<\/strong> in the mantle and upper crust, with substantial <strong>magma accumulation and reservoir growth<\/strong> happening silently underground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The magma involved was unusually <strong>water-rich (superhydrous)<\/strong>. High water content causes <strong>early crystallization<\/strong> as the magma rises and cools\/depressurizes, making it more viscous and &#8220;sticky.&#8221; This traps it in the crust instead of letting it ascend easily to erupt. The result: <strong>the volcano &#8220;breathes&#8221; quietly<\/strong>, building a larger reservoir over tens of thousands of years without visible activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eventually, after this <strong>&#8220;silent growth&#8221; phase<\/strong>, the system reactivated with new eruptions. The study suggests this mechanism explains why some volcanoes can appear dead for very long periods but still pose future hazards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Popa and team describe the volcano as the visible &#8220;<strong>tip of the iceberg<\/strong>,&#8221; while most of the igneous system evolves hidden below. This mechanism explains extended quiescence without the system dying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Re-evaluating &#8220;extinct&#8221; volcanoes:<\/strong> A long dormancy (even &gt;10,000\u2013100,000 years) does not reliably mean a volcano is dead. It can instead signal a maturing system building a larger reservoir that could later produce more significant activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transition potential:<\/strong> Such silent growth may allow small stratovolcanoes to evolve toward larger, more hazardous systems (including caldera-forming ones) by accumulating substantial magma volumes over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hazard monitoring:<\/strong> For Methana and similar subduction-arc volcanoes (e.g., others in the South Aegean Volcanic Arc like Santorini), scientists need sensitive geophysical and geochemical tools to detect deep reservoir changes, not just surface unrest. Methana itself is still considered active (last eruptions in the Holocene, a few thousand years ago), but it is not currently showing signs of imminent threat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study emphasizes that this process is likely widespread in subduction zones where water-rich magmas are common.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">_____________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A volcano reawakens after more than 100,000 years of \u201csilent\u201d magma reservoir growth<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That&#8217;s the title of the open-access paper published on April 22, 2026, in Science Advances by R\u0103zvan-Gabriel Popa and colleagues (including Olivier Bachmann) from ETH Zurich and collaborators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Journal:<\/strong> Science Advances, Vol\u00a012,\u00a0Issue\u00a017<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aec9565\">10.1126\/sciadv.aec9565<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Article Title:<\/strong> A volcano reawakens after more than 100,000 years of \u201csilent\u201d magma reservoir growth<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Article Publication Date:<\/strong> 22-Apr-2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Authors:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aec9565#con1\">R\u0103zvan-Gabriel&nbsp;<\/a>Popa,<a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6344-8406,&nbsp;Olivier&nbsp;Bachmann\"> Olivier Bachmann<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aec9565#con3\">Marcel&nbsp;Guillong<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6920-3362, and&nbsp;Andrea&nbsp;Giuliani\">Andrea Giuliani<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Magmatic systems can remain dormant for tens of thousands of years, creating a misleading perception of extinction that complicates hazard forecasting. To identify drivers of protracted quiescence, we integrate geochemical, isotopic, and zircon geochronological data comprising over 1250 crystallization ages from 31 eruptions at Methana, an active volcano near Athens, Greece. This record allows us to link eruptive activity, magma reservoir evolution, and mantle source variations over 700,000 years. Here, extended repose correlates with increased metasomatism of the mantle wedge by slab-derived components. The longest quiescence at Methana (&gt;100,000 years) coincides with substantial magma production that was preferentially trapped in the crust. We attribute this trapping to the generation of superhydrous melts (&gt;6&nbsp;wt % H<sub>2<\/sub>O) from a highly metasomatized mantle. These volatile-rich magmas undergo water saturation and crystallize during ascent, preventing eruption. Such trapping mechanisms can grow large magma reservoirs and may enable transitions from small stratovolcanoes to highly hazardous, caldera-forming systems.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers from ETH Zurich and collaborators reconstructed ~700,000 years of volcanic history at Methana, a peninsula volcano in the Saronic Gulf. It&#8217;s part of the South Aegean Volcanic Arc, formed by the subduction of the African plate beneath the Aegean microplate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":442080,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691842107,691842686,691842688,691842681,691842687,691842684,691842690,691842682,691842683,691842685],"class_list":["post-442079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-eth-zurich","tag-longest-quiescence","tag-magma-production-continued-vigorously","tag-methana","tag-no-recognized-surface-eruptions","tag-petrochronology","tag-silent-magma-reservoir-growth","tag-south-aegean-volcanic-arc","tag-water-rich-superhydrous","tag-zircon-u-th-pb-geochronology","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1R0j","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":388635,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=388635","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":0},"title":"Voodoo-science strikes again: Climate change is awakening volcanoes","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/14\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"If ever you have doubts that we are merely 3 genes away* from being mammoth hunting tribes of prophets and bone pointing shamen, look no further than modern captive science. These nice geochemists haven\u2019t even published a paper yet, but five minutes after giving a speech at a conference, it\u2019s\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-24.-Mai-2025-20_11_24-1.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-24.-Mai-2025-20_11_24-1.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-24.-Mai-2025-20_11_24-1.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-24.-Mai-2025-20_11_24-1.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":472070,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=472070","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":1},"title":"Hidden Fire Beneath the Ice: How Subglacial Volcanoes Are Reshaping Antarctica\u2019s Frozen Giant","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/18\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Antarctica hosts numerous volcanoes, many of them hidden beneath the ice sheet, primarily associated with the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS), a major zone of crustal extension comparable in scale to the East African Rift. Antarctic Peninsula volcanism spans more than 200 million years and reflects a complex tectonic evolution\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"138 volcanoes in West Antarctica\"","block_context":{"text":"138 volcanoes in West Antarctica","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=138-volcanoes-in-west-antarctica"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":396471,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=396471","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":2},"title":"Scientists Warn About Scientists\u2019 Warnings","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/20\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The dead giveaway?\u00a0\u201cScientists Warn.\u201d\u00a0Whenever you see those two words sandwiched together above the fold, you know you\u2019re about to step into a wonderland of wild extrapolation, qualified maybes, and models run so far into the future they boomerang back with \u201crobots take over\u201d as the y-axis.","rel":"","context":"In \"climatologist Markus Stoffel\"","block_context":{"text":"climatologist Markus Stoffel","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climatologist-markus-stoffel"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQMWfVmmaWfxuVpbMXM573Av3d_rjphu_csDSNisfNE-yYD2Mz-DBZ5OUlFO3n51NXa3_wv9FaGdOLjIKfmYQkiTtxmrYng4T85_cRGrCtvo5AtJdboBXkqcJ9br6JrPQxbtoBOfZtMp3IspHZMifOxJC19Qog-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQMWfVmmaWfxuVpbMXM573Av3d_rjphu_csDSNisfNE-yYD2Mz-DBZ5OUlFO3n51NXa3_wv9FaGdOLjIKfmYQkiTtxmrYng4T85_cRGrCtvo5AtJdboBXkqcJ9br6JrPQxbtoBOfZtMp3IspHZMifOxJC19Qog-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQMWfVmmaWfxuVpbMXM573Av3d_rjphu_csDSNisfNE-yYD2Mz-DBZ5OUlFO3n51NXa3_wv9FaGdOLjIKfmYQkiTtxmrYng4T85_cRGrCtvo5AtJdboBXkqcJ9br6JrPQxbtoBOfZtMp3IspHZMifOxJC19Qog-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQMWfVmmaWfxuVpbMXM573Av3d_rjphu_csDSNisfNE-yYD2Mz-DBZ5OUlFO3n51NXa3_wv9FaGdOLjIKfmYQkiTtxmrYng4T85_cRGrCtvo5AtJdboBXkqcJ9br6JrPQxbtoBOfZtMp3IspHZMifOxJC19Qog-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQMWfVmmaWfxuVpbMXM573Av3d_rjphu_csDSNisfNE-yYD2Mz-DBZ5OUlFO3n51NXa3_wv9FaGdOLjIKfmYQkiTtxmrYng4T85_cRGrCtvo5AtJdboBXkqcJ9br6JrPQxbtoBOfZtMp3IspHZMifOxJC19Qog-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":447463,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=447463","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":3},"title":"How a Giant Supereruption Reshaped New Zealand 350,000 Years Ago \u2013 Scientists Finally Know How It Happened","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/30\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"The Whakamaru supereruption (~350,000 years ago) was one of the largest volcanic events in New Zealand's history and among the biggest ever recorded on Earth.","rel":"","context":"In \"2300 km\u00b3\"","block_context":{"text":"2300 km\u00b3","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=2300-km%c2%b3"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-How-a-Giant-Supereruption-Reshaped-New-Zealand-350000-Years-Ago-%E2%80%93-Scientists-Finally-Know-How-It-Happened.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-How-a-Giant-Supereruption-Reshaped-New-Zealand-350000-Years-Ago-%E2%80%93-Scientists-Finally-Know-How-It-Happened.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-How-a-Giant-Supereruption-Reshaped-New-Zealand-350000-Years-Ago-%E2%80%93-Scientists-Finally-Know-How-It-Happened.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-How-a-Giant-Supereruption-Reshaped-New-Zealand-350000-Years-Ago-%E2%80%93-Scientists-Finally-Know-How-It-Happened.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-How-a-Giant-Supereruption-Reshaped-New-Zealand-350000-Years-Ago-%E2%80%93-Scientists-Finally-Know-How-It-Happened.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":474650,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=474650","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":4},"title":"Volcanic Crystals Act as Black Boxes, Revealing Hidden Magma Journeys Beneath La Palma","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/28\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Volcanic crystals (especially clinopyroxene) act as \u201cblack boxes\u201d because they preserve layered chemical records of magma conditions deep underground, much like flight data recorders or tree rings, allowing scientists to reconstruct the hidden pre- eruptive history of magma storage, rejuvenation, and ascent. Clinopyroxene chemical zoning is one of the most\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"\u201cblack boxes\u201d\"","block_context":{"text":"\u201cblack boxes\u201d","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=black-boxes"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Volcanic-Crystals-Act-as-Black-Boxes-Revealing-Hidden-Magma-Journeys-Beneath-La-Palma.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Volcanic-Crystals-Act-as-Black-Boxes-Revealing-Hidden-Magma-Journeys-Beneath-La-Palma.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Volcanic-Crystals-Act-as-Black-Boxes-Revealing-Hidden-Magma-Journeys-Beneath-La-Palma.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Volcanic-Crystals-Act-as-Black-Boxes-Revealing-Hidden-Magma-Journeys-Beneath-La-Palma.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Volcanic-Crystals-Act-as-Black-Boxes-Revealing-Hidden-Magma-Journeys-Beneath-La-Palma.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":442561,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442561","url_meta":{"origin":442079,"position":5},"title":"Kikai Caldera Refilling: Fresh Melt Re-Injecting into Giant Magma Reservoir 7,300 Years After Massive Eruption","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/04\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"A March 2026 study by Kobe University researchers (published in Communications Earth & Environment) confirms that a large magma reservoir beneath Japan's Kikai Caldera is refilling with new magma.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0-Extinct-Was-an-Illusion-This-Greek-Volcano-Quietly-Grew-a-Massive-Magma-Reservoir-for-Over-100000-Years.jpeg?fit=816%2C1440&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=442079"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":442105,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442079\/revisions\/442105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/442080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=442079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=442079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=442079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}