{"id":439436,"date":"2026-04-14T03:08:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T10:08:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=439436"},"modified":"2026-04-14T07:44:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T14:44:05","slug":"fossil-fuels-shine-light-of-hope-in-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=439436","title":{"rendered":"Fossil Fuels Shine Light of Hope in Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sub-Saharan Africa still has around 600 million people without electricity access\u2014roughly 85% of the global total lacking power\u2014with progress lagging behind population growth in recent years. Chronic blackouts, reliance on expensive diesel generators or biomass for cooking (causing health issues and deforestation), and limited industrialization keep millions in poverty. Reliable, affordable baseload power is essential for hospitals, schools, factories, refrigeration, and small businesses.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the CO2 Coalition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Vijay Jayaraj<\/p>\n\n\n\n

My recent conversation on a social media platform with a close friend in Lagos came to an abrupt, silent end. Hours later, he messaged me back with an apology: The phone battery had died, and his neighborhood had been waiting for restoration of electricity service for the better part of the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Power interruptions are common for Nigeria\u2019s largest city of more than 13 million people. It took me back to the 1990s in India, where energy production was a chaotic work in progress. Blackouts were a regular feature of our lives. Today, thanks to India\u2019s enthusiastic use of coal, my children do not need candlelight to do homework. Coal-powered plants keep the lights on for 1.4 billion people. Blackouts still occur, but they are an exception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I want that same simple certainty for African families. For decades, international aid organizations and financial institutions, held hostage by the red tape of the Paris Agreement and net zero fantasies, strangled funding of projects involving fossil fuels. Instead, modest incentives were offered to implement unreliable and expensive wind and solar power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the narrative is shifting. A flickering hope of industrial-grade light is appearing across the continent. From West Africa\u2019s natural gas deposits to East Africa\u2019s new pipelines and Southern Africa\u2019s offshore basins, a story of promise is emerging. Africans are refusing to accept permanent impoverishment in the name of climate orthodoxy. They are breaking the shackles of alarmism and choosing abundant hydrocarbons as the only proven path to prosperity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

West Africa\u2019s Energy Renaissance<\/strong>
In West Africa, Ghana\u00a0secured a fresh $3.5 billion investment<\/a>\u00a0to boost oil and gas output. Under the agreements, Jubilee\/TEN partners plan to invest $2 billion, while OCTP partners contribute about $1.5 billion. Development will include increased gas supply for power generation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Senegal has entered a definitive new chapter with\u00a0Phase 1 of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim (GTA) project now producing gas<\/a>. GTA\u2019s resource base supports expansion that can both feed domestic power demand and supply global markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Equatorial Guinea Goes Big<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Equatorial Guinea, Malabo and Yaound\u00e9 have signed a long-anticipated\u00a0deal to develop the Yoyo-Yolanda gas fields<\/a>, which have an estimated 2.5 trillion cubic feet of gas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Equatorial Guinea also signed an agreement with Italian energy major Eni that will focus on geological analysis and evaluation, setting the stage for a revival in exploration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The country is preparing for its \u201cEG Ronda\u201d licensing round in April 2026, offering 24 oil and gas blocks to the market and has amended its Hydrocarbon Law to improve fiscal terms, making it clear to the world that Equatorial Guinea is open for extraction of resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Mozambique, the French energy giant TotalEnergies has restarted construction on a massive $20 billion\u00a0liquefied natural gas (LNG) project<\/a>. Intended to produce over 13 million metric tons of LNG per year, the project could generate up to $35 billion in revenues for the Mozambican state over its lifetime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the East, Uganda and Tanzania are\u00a0advancing negotiations to construct a pipeline<\/a>\u00a0for refined petroleum products. This will ensure these two landlocked nations are not held hostage by supply chain disruptions or global price spikes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Offshore exploration in Namibia\u2019s Orange Basin has identified an estimated 21 billion barrels of light crude, alongside high\u2011quality gas that could revive long\u2011stalled plans key to industrial strategies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

North Africa Wakes Up
<\/strong>Perhaps the most striking turnaround is in North Africa. Libya, a country plagued by instability for years, is making a thunderous return to the energy stage. For the first time since 2007, Tripoli has successfully\u00a0awarded oil and gas exploration blocks<\/a>\u00a0to foreign majors like Chevron, Eni, QatarEnergy and Repsol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Libya aims to boost oil production by 200,000 barrels per day (bpd) to reach\u00a01.6 million by the end of this year<\/a>, with a target of 2 million bpd by 2030. For Libya, more production means more jobs and foreign exchange to rebuild infrastructure destroyed by conflict. Crude will flow from the Sirte and Murzuq basins, and the benefits will show up as salaries, roads and power lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

African policymakers now demand domestic processing, negotiate terms that increase local participation and invest in training and supply chains. Climate cultists may label this as heresy. Rational people recognize it as a response to persistent energy poverty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By embracing their oil and gas reserves, African leaders are not destroying the planet; they are saving their people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Originally published in\u00a0Real Clear Energy<\/a><\/em>\u00a0on April 7, 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vijay Jayaraj<\/a>\u00a0is a Science and Research Associate at the\u00a0<\/em>CO2<\/sub>\u00a0Coalition<\/em><\/a>, Fairfax, Virginia. He holds an M.S. in environmental sciences from the University of East Anglia and a postgraduate degree in energy management from Robert Gordon University, both in the U.K., and a bachelor\u2019s in engineering from Anna University, India. He served as a research associate with the Changing Oceans Research Unit at University of British Columbia, Canada<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sub-Saharan Africa still has around 600 million people without electricity access\u2014roughly 85% of the global total lacking power\u2014with progress lagging behind population growth in recent years. Chronic blackouts, reliance on expensive diesel generators or biomass for cooking (causing health issues and deforestation), and limited industrialization keep millions in poverty. Reliable, affordable baseload power is essential for hospitals, schools, factories, refrigeration, and small businesses. 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Since 1980, India's fossil fuel use has increased by >700% and China's by >600%. 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\"Africa\"","block_context":{"text":"Africa","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=africa"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/00Screenshot-2024-10-18-195820.png?fit=1198%2C802&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/00Screenshot-2024-10-18-195820.png?fit=1198%2C802&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/00Screenshot-2024-10-18-195820.png?fit=1198%2C802&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/00Screenshot-2024-10-18-195820.png?fit=1198%2C802&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/00Screenshot-2024-10-18-195820.png?fit=1198%2C802&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 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Africa. Speaking at the \u201cPowering Africa Summit\u201d in Washington, D.C., Wright told leaders of a continent of 1.5 billion people that the Trump administration \u201chas no desire to tell you what\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Africa\"","block_context":{"text":"Africa","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=africa"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0Chris-Wright-USE.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0Chris-Wright-USE.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0Chris-Wright-USE.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0Chris-Wright-USE.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0Chris-Wright-USE.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=439436"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":439445,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439436\/revisions\/439445"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/439440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=439436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=439436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=439436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}