{"id":428975,"date":"2026-03-01T21:19:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-01T20:19:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=428975"},"modified":"2026-03-01T21:19:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-01T20:19:10","slug":"energy-dominance-2-0-lng-edition-part-deux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=428975","title":{"rendered":"Energy Dominance 2.0: LNG Edition, Part Deux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"359\" data-attachment-id=\"428485\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428485\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?fit=1518%2C754&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1518,754\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0Screenshot 2026-02-27 164643\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?fit=723%2C359&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=723%2C359&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=1024%2C509&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=300%2C149&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=768%2C381&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=640%2C318&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?resize=1200%2C596&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?w=1518&amp;ssl=1 1518w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2026\/02\/28\/energy-dominance-2-0-lng-edition-part-deux\/\">Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guest \u201cIf you build it, they will come\u201d by <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/author\/debunkhouse\/\">David Middleton<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"360\" data-attachment-id=\"428978\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428978\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?fit=1976%2C985&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1976,985\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?fit=723%2C360&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=723%2C360&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=1024%2C510&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=768%2C383&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=1536%2C766&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=640%2C319&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?resize=1200%2C598&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?w=1976&amp;ssl=1 1976w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-1.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Data source:&nbsp;U.S. Energy Information Administration,&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/naturalgas\/data.php#pipelines:~:text=dropdown%20arrow-,Pipeline%20projects,-Detailed%20information%20on\">U.S. Natural Gas Pipeline Projects tracker<\/a><br><strong>Note:&nbsp;Regions are based on&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/beta\/naturalgas\/weekly\/supplement\/\">EIA natural gas storage regions<\/a><strong>, with the East region broken out into Northeast and Southeast regions.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Natural gas pipeline projects completed in the United States in 2025 increased capacity by approximately 6.3 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf\/d), according to our recently updated&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/naturalgas\/pipelines\/EIA-NaturalGasPipelineProjects_Jan2026.xlsx\">Natural Gas Pipeline Projects Tracker<\/a>. A substantial portion, 85%, or 5.3 Bcf\/d, of this new capacity is dedicated to delivering natural gas to the South Central region of the United States. This region includes the Gulf Coast, where much of the nation\u2019s growing natural gas demand, particularly from liquefied natural gas (LNG), is concentrated. The new capacity primarily connects both new and existing supply sources to consumers in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Approximately 65% of the total pipeline capacity built in 2025 consists of intrastate pipelines, continuing the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=61623\">recent trend<\/a>&nbsp;of intrastate pipeline builds outpacing interstate capacity additions. These pipelines operate primarily within state lines and are therefore not subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new intrastate capacity built in 2025 largely functions as gathering systems, which are essential for transporting natural gas from producers into the wider transmission system. Two such projects completed in 2025 expanded pipeline capacity by a combined 3.5 Bcf\/d to connect natural gas production from the natural gas-producing&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=15&amp;f=A&amp;s=0&amp;start=2015&amp;end=2027&amp;ctype=linechart&amp;maptype=0&amp;linechart=~NGMPHA&amp;map=\">Haynesville formation<\/a>&nbsp;to the Gillis Hub in southeastern Louisiana. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jonespower.com\/leg-pipeline-project\/\">Louisiana Energy Gateway<\/a>&nbsp;project added 1.8 Bcf\/d, and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.momentummidstream.com\/\">New Generation Gas Gathering<\/a>&nbsp;system added 1.7 Bcf\/d. Both were in service as of October 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, three major projects expanded natural gas pipeline capacity for delivery to growing demand centers on the Gulf Coast by a combined 1.8 Bcf\/d. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kindermorgan.com\/getattachment\/0fc83099-ad42-432d-b68e-1de01e899a26\/evangeline_fact_sheet.pdf?lang=en-us\">Evangeline Pass Expansion<\/a>&nbsp;project added 1.1 Bcf\/d, and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tcenergy.com\/operations\/natural-gas\/east-lateral-xpress-project\/\">East Lateral Xpress Project<\/a>&nbsp;added 0.3 Bcf\/d. These two projects deliver feedgas directly to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ventureglobal.com\/venture-global-plaquemines\/\">Plaquemines LNG<\/a>, which&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=64224\">shipped its first cargo<\/a>&nbsp;in 2025. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/elibrary.ferc.gov\/eLibrary\/filelist?accession_number=20250228-5298&amp;optimized=false\">Texas to Louisiana Pathway Project<\/a>&nbsp;added 0.4 Bcf\/d in interstate capacity from Texas through to eastern Louisiana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"508\" data-attachment-id=\"428980\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428980\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?fit=2004%2C1410&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2004,1410\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?fit=723%2C508&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=723%2C508&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428980\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=1024%2C720&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=300%2C211&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=768%2C540&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=1536%2C1081&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=640%2C450&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?resize=1200%2C844&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?w=2004&amp;ssl=1 2004w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-2.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Data source:&nbsp;U.S. Energy Information Administration<\/strong><br><strong>Note:&nbsp;LNG=liquefied natural gas<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principal contributors:&nbsp;<\/strong>Katie Dyl, Trinity Manning-Pickett, Laia Munoz-Cortijo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tags:&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=natural%20gas\">natural gas<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20pipelines\">pipelines<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20map\">map<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20LNG%20(liquefied%20natural%20gas)\">LNG (liquefied natural gas)<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20Haynesville\">Haynesville<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=67225\">EIA<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Haynesville is expected to account for 2\/3 of the increase in natural gas production over the next two years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Haynesville forecast to lead U.S. shale growth in next two years<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecentersquare.com\/users\/profile\/Alton%20Wallace\">By Alton Wallace |&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecentersquare.com\/\">The Center Square<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Feb 19, 2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(The Center Square) \u2013 Domestic natural gas production is expected to increase by an average of 4.0 billion cubic feet per day, or 3.4%, in the next two years to 122.3 billion cubic feet per day, with more than two-thirds of the additional output produced in the Haynesville shale region of northwest Louisiana and northeast Texas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Through the end of 2027, higher gas production will be driven primarily by rising demand for fuels to power data centers across the U.S. and by liquefied natural gas exports shipped from terminals in Louisiana and Texas, according to the U.S. Department of Energy\u2019s updated February forecast.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u2026]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecentersquare.com\/national\/article_a06157db-82b2-4eda-9b4c-f98904ee8024.html\">The Center Square<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" data-attachment-id=\"428982\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428982\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?fit=720%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,480\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?fit=720%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?resize=720%2C480&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-3.png?resize=640%2C427&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=15&amp;f=A&amp;s=0&amp;start=2009&amp;end=2027&amp;ctype=linechart&amp;maptype=0&amp;linechart=~NGMPHA&amp;map=&amp;id=\">EIA<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Haynesville has often been overshadowed by the Permian Basin and Appalachian (Marcellus &amp; Utica) plays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following is from this April 2022 post:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2022\/04\/15\/hayneville-shale-record-natural-gas-production\/\">Haynesville Shale: Record Natural Gas Production<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Undiscovered Resource Potential<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most recent&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2017\/3016\/fs20173016.pdf\">USGS assessment<\/a>&nbsp;puts the undiscovered resource potential of the Haynesville shale (highlighted) at nearly 300 Tcf (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/tools\/faqs\/faq.php?id=50&amp;t=8#:~:text=In%202020%2C%20the%20United%20States,(Tcf)%20of%20natural%20gas.\">~10 years of total US natural gas consumption<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"269\" data-attachment-id=\"428985\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428985\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?fit=720%2C269&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,269\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?fit=720%2C269&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?resize=720%2C269&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428985\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?resize=300%2C112&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-4.png?resize=640%2C239&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources in the<br>Haynesville Formation, U.S. Gulf Coast, 2016. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2017\/3016\/fs20173016.pdf\">USGS<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Haynesville shale plays are the hachured and dotted areas on the map below\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"711\" data-attachment-id=\"428987\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428987\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?fit=720%2C711&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,711\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?fit=720%2C711&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?resize=720%2C711&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?resize=300%2C296&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?resize=640%2C632&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-5.png?resize=50%2C50&amp;ssl=1 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources in the<br>Haynesville Formation, U.S. Gulf Coast, 2016. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2017\/3016\/fs20173016.pdf\">USGS<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Many Benefits of Catastrophic Sea Level Rise<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Haynesville Shale, which has also been referred to as the \u201clower Bossier,\u201d is the basinal equivalent of the Cotton Valley Lime and pinnacle reef trend in East Texas that was deposited during the transgressive phase of SS2. These pinnacle reefs formed in response to the rising sea level as they were back-stepping onto Haynesville ramp carbonates; the carbonates were able to keep up with rising sea level until they were \u201cdrowned\u201d by the fine-grained-sediment-dominated transgression. The top of the Haynesville Shale marks the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sepmstrata.org\/Terminology.aspx?id=maximum%20flooding%20surface\">maximum flooding surface<\/a>&nbsp;as evidenced by maximum marine onlap on the shelf (e.g., Goldhammer, 1998). The Bossier shales (so-called \u201cupper Bossier\u201d) are characteristic of the highstand systems tract of SS2 reflecting a turn-around in sea level and increase in siliciclastic influence.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/300843366_Addressing_Conventional_Parameters_in_Unconventional_Shale-Gas_Systems_Depositional_Environment_Petrography_Geochemistry_and_Petrophysics_of_the_Haynesville_Shale\">Hammes et al., 2009<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A marine transgression (catastrophic sea level rise), approximately 150 million years ago, led to the deposition of the Haynesville Shale, as well as the trapping mechanism for the Haynesville Shale and the stratigraphically equivalent Cotton Valley Lime pinnacle reef plays.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"404\" data-attachment-id=\"428990\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428990\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?fit=720%2C404&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,404\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?fit=720%2C404&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?resize=720%2C404&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428990\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?resize=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-6.png?resize=640%2C359&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Haynesville stratigraphic column.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/254534633_Comparative_Study_of_Formation_Evaluation_Methods_for_Unconventional_Shale_Gas_Reservoirs_Application_to_the_Haynesville_Shale_Texas\">Ramirez et al., 2011<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/251471670_Chapter_15_Depositional_Evolution_of_the_Gulf_of_Mexico_Sedimentary_Basin\">Galloway, 2008<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"549\" data-attachment-id=\"428992\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428992\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?fit=720%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,549\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?fit=720%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?resize=720%2C549&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?resize=300%2C229&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-7.png?resize=640%2C488&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Isopach (thickness) map of the Haynesville\/Bossier Shale.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/254534633_Comparative_Study_of_Formation_Evaluation_Methods_for_Unconventional_Shale_Gas_Reservoirs_Application_to_the_Haynesville_Shale_Texas\">Ramirez et al., 2011<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hydrocarbons in the Haynesville Shale and Cotton Valley Lime were sourced from the Smackover and Haynesville Formations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mudstones within the Upper Jurassic Smackover and Haynesville Formations are sources of oil and gas in both conventional (Montgomery, 1993a, 1993b; Mancini and others, 2006) and continuous reservoirs (Hammes and others, 2011; Cicero and Steinhoff, 2013) throughout much of the assessment area.Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources in the Haynesville Formation, U.S. Gulf Coast, 2016. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2017\/3016\/fs20173016.pdf\">USGS<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Smackover Formation is probably the most prolific source rock in the Gulf Coast\/Gulf of&nbsp;<s>Mexico<\/s>&nbsp;America region. Depending on depositional environment, the Smackover is also a prolific oil &amp; gas producer and the seal for the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2019\/05\/08\/how-climate-change-buried-a-desert-20000-feet-beneath-the-gulf-of-mexico-seafloor\/\">Norphlet Formation<\/a>&nbsp;where it is productive. The Haynesville would be between the Bossier and Smackover Formations on the diagram below.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"413\" data-attachment-id=\"428994\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428994\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?fit=720%2C413&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,413\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?fit=720%2C413&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?resize=720%2C413&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428994\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?resize=300%2C172&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-8.png?resize=640%2C367&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Left to right: Generalized cross section along northern&nbsp;<s>GOM<\/s>&nbsp;GOA region (Galloway et al., 2009), depositional phases are numbered. Relative sea level (Miller et al., 2005), atmospheric CO<strong><sub>2&nbsp;<\/sub><\/strong>(Berner &amp; Kothavala, 2001) and temperature anomalies (Royer et al., 2004).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/debunkhouse.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/05\/gom_xsect.png?ssl=1\">Click for image<\/a>. The Haynesville is between the Bossier and the Smackover to the east of the Cotton Valley.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The next four displays are from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/261590441_Sequence_stratigraphy_and_depositional_environments_of_the_Haynesville_and_Bossier_Shales_East_Texas_and_North_Louisiana\">Cicero &amp; Steinhoff, 2013<\/a>, depicting the sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Haynesville and Bossier shales.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"437\" data-attachment-id=\"428997\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428997\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?fit=720%2C437&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,437\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?fit=720%2C437&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?resize=720%2C437&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428997\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?resize=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-9.png?resize=640%2C388&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Map of wells, seismic surveys and cross-sections used in study.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"718\" data-attachment-id=\"428999\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=428999\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?fit=720%2C718&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,718\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?fit=720%2C718&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=720%2C718&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=640%2C638&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-10.png?resize=50%2C50&amp;ssl=1 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cross-section B-B\u2019. West is toward the left. The curve on the right represents sea level, rising sea level is toward the left.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is interpreted seismic profile A-A\u2019, running from north (left) to south (right), just west of the Texas-Louisiana state line.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-11.png?w=723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-429000\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3b. Integrated seismic and sequence stratigraphy of dip-oriented seismic line A-A\u2019. Supersequence boundaries indicated in red (SSB), higher-order (3rd+) sequence boundaries with dashed black lines (SB), maximum flooding surfaces (mfs) in green, and transgressive surfaces (TS) pertaining to supersequences in blue. Onlap and downlap indicated with the use of arrows. Dashed vertical lines indicate approximate basement faulting. Modified from Cicero et al. (2010).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following is a depositional environment (paleogeography) map of the Bossier Shale (~150 million years ago):<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-12.png?w=723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-429002\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cYou see the story yet?\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>You see the story yet? It\u2019s all pretty much here.<\/em><br><em>In a language you can\u2019t yet understand, but it\u2019s here.<\/em><br><em>A tale of upheaval and battles won and lost.<\/em><br><em>Gothic tales of sweeping change, peaceful times, and then great trauma again.<\/em><br><em>And it all connects to our little friend.<\/em><br><em>That\u2019s what we are, we geologists.<\/em><br><em>Storytellers.<\/em><br><em>Interpreters, actually.<\/em><br><em>That\u2019s what you gentlemen are going to become.<\/em><br><em>And how does this relate to the moon? From 240,000 miles away you have to give the most complete possible description of what you\u2019re seeing.<\/em><br><em>Not just which rocks you plan to bring back but their context.<\/em><br><em>That and knowing which ones to pick up in the first place is what might separate you guys from those little robots.<\/em><br><em>You know, the ones some jaded souls think should have your job.<\/em><br><em>You see, you have to become our eyes and ears out there.<\/em><br><em>And for you to do that, you first have to learn the language of this little rock here.<\/em><br>\u2013David Clennon as Dr. Leon (Lee) Silver,&nbsp;<em>From the Earth to the Moon<\/em>,&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk\/view_episode_scripts.php?tv-show=from-the-earth-to-the-moon-1998&amp;episode=s01e10\" target=\"_blank\">Episode 10,&nbsp;<em>Galileo Was Right<\/em><\/a>, 1998<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HBO\u2019s 1998&nbsp;<em>From the Earth to the Moon<\/em>&nbsp;miniseries was a sort of follow-on to the great movie&nbsp;<em>Apollo 13<\/em>\u2026 It\u2019s a must see for space program fanatics. I particularly like this episode because my childhood interest in the space program led me toward the sciences and ultimately geology. Future Apollo 17 astronaut Harrison \u201cJack\u201d Schmitt recruited his former field geology professor to train the Apollo 15 lunar module team and their backup crew how to become field geologists.&nbsp; It reminds me of why I love geology so much.&nbsp; I\u2019ve also had the great honor of meeting Dr. Schmitt at the 2011 American Association of Petroleum Geologists convention in Houston.&nbsp; Shaking hands with someone who not only walked on the Moon, but also got to throw a rock hammer farther than any geologist ever has before or since, was pretty fracking cool\u2026 And so is geology!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Berner, R.A. and Z. Kothavala, 2001. GEOCARB III: A Revised Model of Atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;over Phanerozoic Time,&nbsp;<em>American Journal of Science<\/em>, v.301, pp.182-204, February 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cicero, Andrea D. and Ingo Steinhoff, 2013, Sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Haynesville and Bossier Shales, East Texas and North Louisiana, in U. Hammes and J. Gale, eds., Geology of the Haynesville Gas Shale in East Texas and West Louisiana, U.S.A.: AAPG Memoir 105, p. 25\u201346.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Galloway, William. (2008). \u201cChapter 15 Depositional Evolution of the Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin\u201d. Volume 5: Ed. Andrew D. Miall,&nbsp;<em>The Sedimentary Basins of the United States and Canada<\/em>., ISBN: 978-0-444-50425-8, Elsevier B.V., pp. 505-549.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Galloway, William E., et al. \u201cGulf of Mexico.\u201d&nbsp;<em>GEO ExPro<\/em>, 2009, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.geoexpro.com\/articles\/2009\/03\/gulf-of-mexico\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.geoexpro.com\/articles\/2009\/03\/gulf-of-mexico<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hammes, Ursula and Ray Eastwood, Harry Rowe, Robert Reed. (2009). Addressing Conventional Parameters in Unconventional Shale-Gas Systems: Depositional Environment, Petrography, Geochemistry, and Petrophysics of the Haynesville Shale. 10.5724\/gcs.09.29.0181.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller, Kenneth &amp; Kominz, Michelle &amp; V Browning, James &amp; Wright, James &amp; Mountain, Gregory &amp; E Katz, Miriam &amp; J Sugarman, Peter &amp; Cramer, Benjamin &amp; Christie-Blick, Nicholas &amp; Pekar, S. (2005). \u201cThe Phanerozoic Record of Global Sea-Level Change\u201d.&nbsp;<em>Science<\/em>&nbsp;(New York, N.Y.). 310. 1293-8. 10.1126\/science.1116412.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ramirez, Thaimar, James Klein, Ron Bonnie, James Howard. (2011). Comparative Study of Formation Evaluation Methods for Unconventional Shale Gas Reservoirs: Application to the Haynesville Shale (Texas). Society of Petroleum Engineers \u2013 SPE Americas Unconventional Gas Conference 2011, UGC 2011. 10.2118\/144062-MS.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The vast majority (85%) of the pipeline capacity built in 2025 will take Haynesville natural gas to Gulf Coast LNG export terminals.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":428485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821521,691841689,691832969,691818376,691830099],"class_list":{"0":"post-428975","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-federal-energy-regulatory-commission-ferc","9":"tag-lng-liquefied-natural-gas","10":"tag-lng-exports","11":"tag-natural-gas","12":"tag-pipelines","14":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0Screenshot-2026-02-27-164643.png?fit=1518%2C754&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1NAX","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":319373,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=319373","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":0},"title":"The Incredible Dumbness of Biden\u2019s War on LNG, Part Deux","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"21\/04\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"In our recently released Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), we forecast that U.S. liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports will continue to lead growth in U.S. natural gas trade as three LNG export projects currently under construction start operations and ramp up to full production by the end of 2025. We also\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Attor\u00adney Gen\u00ader\u00adal Ken Pax\u00adton\"","block_context":{"text":"Attor\u00adney Gen\u00ader\u00adal Ken Pax\u00adton","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=attorney-general-ken-paxton"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":199697,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=199697","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":1},"title":"\u201cGermany Poised to Become LNG Powerhouse\u201d???","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"13\/05\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Guest \u201cI do not think that word, powerhouse, means what you think it means\u201d by David Middleton Germany Poised to Become LNG Powerhouse With Law to Cut Red TapeLegislation set to cut approval time for import terminalsNation is among EU states seeking to reduce reliance on RussiaBy Vanessa Dezem, Arne\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0lng-natural-gas-exports.webp?fit=925%2C520&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0lng-natural-gas-exports.webp?fit=925%2C520&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0lng-natural-gas-exports.webp?fit=925%2C520&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0lng-natural-gas-exports.webp?fit=925%2C520&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":195866,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=195866","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":2},"title":"America\u2019s LNG export potential","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"14\/04\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Hands holding a flame gas The current status of natural gas production, consumption and exports is in a state of flux brought about by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. How much LNG has the United States exported, and can the US play a leading role going forward? The US produced\u00a034,149\u00a0Bcf\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0trump-epa-tosses-obama-methane-regulations.jpg?fit=723%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0trump-epa-tosses-obama-methane-regulations.jpg?fit=723%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0trump-epa-tosses-obama-methane-regulations.jpg?fit=723%2C662&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0trump-epa-tosses-obama-methane-regulations.jpg?fit=723%2C662&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":349581,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=349581","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":3},"title":"The Generational Opportunity for U.S. LNG","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"31\/10\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"It should go without saying that natural gas in normal conditions doesn\u2019t liquify itself. It\u2019s a shame the Biden-Harris administration acts as if it does.","rel":"","context":"In \"Biden-Harris Administration\"","block_context":{"text":"Biden-Harris Administration","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=biden-harris-administration"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":316365,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=316365","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":4},"title":"The Incredible Dumbness of Biden\u2019s War on LNG","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/04\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Biden administration has\u00a0paused\u00a0new Department of Energy (DOE) approvals of proposed liquefied natural gas (LNG) export projects. This decision will not affect current export projects or those under construction.","rel":"","context":"In \"DOE\"","block_context":{"text":"DOE","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=doe"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/00LNG_TANKER.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":194972,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=194972","url_meta":{"origin":428975,"position":5},"title":"What Would Happen if They Threw a War and it Upset Europe\u2019s Climate Plans?","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/04\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Guest \u201cIs anyone else annoyed every time the Soviet invasion of Ukraine and climate change appear in the same sentence?\u201d by David Middleton This NPR article isn\u2019t as awful as I thought it would be\u2026 How the war in Ukraine could speed up Europe\u2019s climate plansApril 5, 2022 5:00 AM\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0LNG-Maps-for-Web-4-16-2021-Exports-1_Page_1-720x540-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0LNG-Maps-for-Web-4-16-2021-Exports-1_Page_1-720x540-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0LNG-Maps-for-Web-4-16-2021-Exports-1_Page_1-720x540-2.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0LNG-Maps-for-Web-4-16-2021-Exports-1_Page_1-720x540-2.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/428975","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=428975"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/428975\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":429005,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/428975\/revisions\/429005"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/428485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=428975"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=428975"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=428975"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}