{"id":427078,"date":"2026-02-19T18:33:02","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T17:33:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=427078"},"modified":"2026-02-19T18:33:05","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T17:33:05","slug":"game-changer-scientists-now-forecast-dangerous-solar-superstorms-windows-of-risk-revealed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=427078","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0Game-Changer: Scientists Now Forecast Dangerous Solar Superstorms \u2013 Windows of Risk Revealed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"427079\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=427079\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?fit=1632%2C1632&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1632,1632\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0,422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0e~mv2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-427079\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1536%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=640%2C640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1200%2C1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?w=1632&amp;ssl=1 1632w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>NASA: Six Solar Flares Erupted February 1-4, 2026<\/strong><br><br><br><em>(source: NASA \u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/nasagoddard\/status\/2019495176759124227?s=43\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><u>https:\/\/x.com\/nasagoddard\/status\/2019495176759124227?s=43<\/u><\/em><\/a><em>; <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/blogs\/solar-cycle-25\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/blogs\/solar-cycle-25\/<\/u><\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An international team of scientists (including researchers associated with CERES-Science and others) has developed the first probabilistic forecasting system specifically for super flares- extremely powerful solar eruptions classified as &#8220;S-class&#8221; (soft X-ray flux exceeding X10, or more than 10 times stronger than typical X-class flares). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These events release massive energy, potentially launching coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that could trigger severe geomagnetic storms on Earth, risking blackouts, satellite damage, communication disruptions, and radiation hazards for astronauts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They&#8217;ve developed the first probabilistic forecasting model for S-class super Flares (extreme solar flares with soft X-ray flux > X10, far stronger than typical X-class events). These can drive massive coronal mass ejections (CMEs), leading to potentially catastrophic geomagnetic storms\u2014think grid blackouts, satellite failures, GPS\/radio disruptions, and high radiation risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This gives operators (power grids, satellites, space agencies) 1-2 years&#8217; lead time to harden systems, delay launches, or activate contingencies-far better than current short-term (hours- days) CME arrival alerts from NOAA\/SWPC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">_________________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceres-science.com\/post\/scientists-successfully-predict-when-and-where-dangerous-solar-storms-are-likely-to-happen\">CERES- Science<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Scientists Successfully Predict When and Where Dangerous Solar Storms Are Likely to Happen<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"427079\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=427079\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?fit=1632%2C1632&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1632,1632\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0,422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0e~mv2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-427079\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1536%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=640%2C640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=1200%2C1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?w=1632&amp;ssl=1 1632w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Breakthrough forecasting method validated by surprise solar eruptions on the far side of the Sun<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mexico City, Mexico \u2013 February 14, 2026.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong> <\/strong>A team of scientists from around the world has created the first system that can predict when and where extremely powerful solar storms, called superflares, are most likely to happen. These storms can disrupt power grids, communications, and satellites, and even pose dangers to astronauts in space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instead of trying to predict the exact moment a solar storm will erupt (which is nearly impossible), this new approach identifies extended windows of time\u2014ranging from several months to a year\u2014when the Sun is more likely to produce these extreme events. The method also pinpoints which regions of the Sun are most at risk. The research has been <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2025JA034977\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>published in the <\/u><\/a><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2025JA034977\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><u>Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics<\/u><\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How the Forecasting System Works<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The scientists analyzed nearly 50 years of data (1975\u20132025) from satellites that monitor the Sun&#8217;s X-ray emissions. They discovered two key patterns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. <\/strong>They identified specific zones on the Sun where magnetic energy builds up over time, making those areas more likely to produce powerful eruptions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. <\/strong>They found a rhythmic pattern in solar activity based on two natural cycles: a 1.7-year cycle and a 7-year cycle. When these cycles line up in certain ways, the risk of superflares increases significantly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using advanced mathematical techniques and machine learning, the team combined these patterns to forecast high-risk time periods and locations on the Sun. For the current solar cycle (Solar Cycle 25), their model predicts two main danger windows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 Mid-2025 through mid-2026 (focused on the Sun&#8217;s southern hemisphere, between 5\u00b0S\u201325\u00b0S latitude)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 Early-to-mid 2027 (focused on the Sun&#8217;s northern hemisphere, between 10\u00b0N\u201330\u00b0N latitude)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Real-World Implications<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lead researcher Dr. Victor M. Velasco Herrera, from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, explained:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTraditional solar forecasting struggles with these extreme events because they happen so quickly and unpredictably. Our method gives space weather operators and satellite managers one to two years of advance warning about when conditions are most dangerous. This critical lead time allows them to prepare and protect communications systems, power grids, and astronaut safety.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dr. Velasco Herrera also noted the relevance for space missions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNASA is right to <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/blogs\/missions\/2026\/02\/03\/nasa-conducts-artemis-ii-fuel-test-eyes-march-for-launch-opportunity\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>postpone the Artemis II mission to the Moon until March<\/u><\/a>, but given how active the Sun is right now, our forecasts suggest that delaying the launch until the end of 2026 may be a much safer decision.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Surprise Validation from the Far Side of the Sun<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The team got an unexpected confirmation of their model&#8217;s accuracy during the research process itself. After they submitted their paper for publication (between October and December 2025), other scientists using the Solar Orbiter spacecraft discovered a series of massive superflares that had erupted on the far side of the Sun\u2014the side we can&#8217;t see from Earth. These eruptions included an X11.1 class on May 14, 2024, an X9.5 and X9.7 on May 15, 2024 and an X16.5 class on May 20, 2024, as reported coincidentally on the same day by a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847\/1538-4357\/ae2ea4\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>NASA study<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Remarkably, these newly discovered far-side events matched the patterns the team had predicted, even though they had no knowledge of these storms when developing their forecasting system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThis was pure luck, but also very revealing,\u201d said Dr. Velasco Herrera. \u201cWe created our forecast without knowing about these far-side superflares. When they were discovered during our paper review process, they aligned perfectly with our predicted patterns. This shows that our physics-based approach works across the entire Sun, not just the side facing Earth.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Co-author Dr. Willie Soon, from the Center for Environmental Research and Earth Sciences (CERES), added:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNature gave us the perfect test. These far-side discoveries essentially validated our method in real time, proving that the underlying patterns we identified are reliable and work everywhere on the Sun&#8217;s surface.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why This Matters<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Solar super flares are the most powerful eruptions the Sun can produce. A direct hit from one of these storms could cause widespread power outages, damage satellites, disrupt GPS navigation, interfere with radio communications, and create radiation hazards for astronauts and airline passengers at high altitudes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By providing advance warning of when and where these events are most likely to occur, this new forecasting system gives utilities, satellite operators, and space agencies valuable time to take protective measures\u2014such as adjusting satellite orbits, preparing backup systems, or rescheduling space missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As Solar Cycle 25 continues to show strong activity, this breakthrough offers a significant improvement in our ability to prepare for and mitigate the impacts of extreme space weather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The research paper, titled &#8216;A New Method for Probabilistic Spatiotemporal Forecasts of Solar Soft X-ray S-Class (&gt; X10) Superflares,&#8217; is now published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics (American Geophysical Union), <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JA034977\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JA034977<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The author team includes scientists from Mexico, the United States, Hungary, Turkey, Russia, Czech Republic, and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Publication Details<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V. M. Velasco Herrera, G. Velasco Herrera, W. Soon, A. \u00d6zg\u00fc\u00e7, N. Babynets, A. Tlatov, M. \u0160vanda, S. Qiu, S. Baliunas, B. Kotan, G. Gonz\u00e1lez Gonz\u00e1lez, L. A. Bautista Flores, M. Pazos (<strong>2026<\/strong>). \u201cA New Method for Probabilistic Spatiotemporal Forecasts of Solar Soft X-Ray \u201cS-Class\u201d (&gt;X10) Superflares\u201c. <strong>Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics<\/strong>. 131 (2), e2025JA034977. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JA034977\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JA034977<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An international team of scientists (including researchers associated with CERES-Science and others) has developed the first probabilistic forecasting system specifically for super flares- extremely powerful solar eruptions classified as &#8220;S-class&#8221; (soft X-ray flux exceeding X10, or more than 10 times stronger than typical X-class flares). These events release massive energy, potentially launching coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that could trigger severe geomagnetic storms on Earth, risking blackouts, satellite damage, communication disruptions, and radiation hazards for astronauts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":427079,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691841509,691823408,691822897,691819344,691841508,691841510],"class_list":{"0":"post-427078","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-center-for-environmental-research-and-earth-sciences-ceres","9":"tag-coronal-mass-ejections-cmes","10":"tag-dr-willie-soon","11":"tag-solar-cycle-25","12":"tag-super-flares","13":"tag-x-class-events","15":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0422599_7b168c9e7f614e0e9c080d32092f2b0emv2.webp?fit=1632%2C1632&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1N6m","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":422345,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=422345","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":0},"title":"X-CLASS SOLAR FLARE \u2013 CME headed toward Earth","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"21\/01\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"A full-halo CME is heading for Earth following a long-duration X1.9-class solar flare on Jan. 18th. The CME\u2019s\u00a0arrival on Jan. 20th\u00a0could spark strong geomagnetic storms with\u00a0auroras at mid-latitudes.","rel":"","context":"In \"auroras at mid-latitudes\"","block_context":{"text":"auroras at mid-latitudes","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=auroras-at-mid-latitudes"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/00Screenshot-2026-01-21-090947.png?fit=965%2C954&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/00Screenshot-2026-01-21-090947.png?fit=965%2C954&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/00Screenshot-2026-01-21-090947.png?fit=965%2C954&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/00Screenshot-2026-01-21-090947.png?fit=965%2C954&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":201097,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=201097","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":1},"title":"The Sun Is Waking Up \u2014 Right on Schedule?","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"23\/05\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Sunspots [image credit: NASA] The Sun may still have a surprise or two for solar cycle 25 theorists, but what we hear is: \u201cI believe this will likely be the best forecast to come out of one of the NOAA\/NASA Cycle prediction panels.\u201d The article below doesn\u2019t include the question\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0sunspots.jpg?fit=1081%2C760&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0sunspots.jpg?fit=1081%2C760&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0sunspots.jpg?fit=1081%2C760&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0sunspots.jpg?fit=1081%2C760&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0sunspots.jpg?fit=1081%2C760&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":267248,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=267248","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":2},"title":"A New Way to Detect Solar\u00a0Flares","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"13\/07\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cI monitor the frequency and field strength of Canada\u2019s CHU time station transmitting at 7850 KHz,\u201d explains Curtis. \u201cDuring the X-class flare event, I was able to detect the Doppler shift of the station\u2019s carrier frequency (green plot). It shifted by 5 Hz, which is a small change, but very\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Doppler Shift method\"","block_context":{"text":"Doppler Shift method","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=doppler-shift-method"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0-Solar-Flares12.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0-Solar-Flares12.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0-Solar-Flares12.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0-Solar-Flares12.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0-Solar-Flares12.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":246916,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=246916","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":3},"title":"The Sun Is Getting Fired Up\u2014and It&#8217;s Way Beyond What Experts Predicted","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/03\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"With several solar flares and coronal mass ejections soaring out into space, the sun has had an active few months as the current solar cycle gathers momentum.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-199.png?fit=1200%2C1028&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-199.png?fit=1200%2C1028&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-199.png?fit=1200%2C1028&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-199.png?fit=1200%2C1028&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-199.png?fit=1200%2C1028&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":401308,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=401308","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":4},"title":"Solar flares over 6 times hotter than previously thought","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/09\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"From the University of St Andrews\u00a0via Eurekalert. I found this interesting, because it is just another example of how \u201csettled science\u201d really isn\u2019t settled at all. \u2013 Anthony","rel":"","context":"In \"50-year-old mystery\"","block_context":{"text":"50-year-old mystery","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=50-year-old-mystery"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQM5zLQQGoJ3P4LhKHB-ZXsPcNrrHIjxrN1aeiiQz1GemK_lQ2nPOqVUGLAr31ridZDWmMfcizAN0_MvDSv5OyQRZAbM0JkbobRufQfq3cZv35XAKfZbHgSSJp8_mYCY4RepHNJEc_DDRhD6oNAQVnwy-hVE4A-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQM5zLQQGoJ3P4LhKHB-ZXsPcNrrHIjxrN1aeiiQz1GemK_lQ2nPOqVUGLAr31ridZDWmMfcizAN0_MvDSv5OyQRZAbM0JkbobRufQfq3cZv35XAKfZbHgSSJp8_mYCY4RepHNJEc_DDRhD6oNAQVnwy-hVE4A-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQM5zLQQGoJ3P4LhKHB-ZXsPcNrrHIjxrN1aeiiQz1GemK_lQ2nPOqVUGLAr31ridZDWmMfcizAN0_MvDSv5OyQRZAbM0JkbobRufQfq3cZv35XAKfZbHgSSJp8_mYCY4RepHNJEc_DDRhD6oNAQVnwy-hVE4A-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQM5zLQQGoJ3P4LhKHB-ZXsPcNrrHIjxrN1aeiiQz1GemK_lQ2nPOqVUGLAr31ridZDWmMfcizAN0_MvDSv5OyQRZAbM0JkbobRufQfq3cZv35XAKfZbHgSSJp8_mYCY4RepHNJEc_DDRhD6oNAQVnwy-hVE4A-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQM5zLQQGoJ3P4LhKHB-ZXsPcNrrHIjxrN1aeiiQz1GemK_lQ2nPOqVUGLAr31ridZDWmMfcizAN0_MvDSv5OyQRZAbM0JkbobRufQfq3cZv35XAKfZbHgSSJp8_mYCY4RepHNJEc_DDRhD6oNAQVnwy-hVE4A-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":265742,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=265742","url_meta":{"origin":427078,"position":5},"title":"Sunspot Counts Hit 21-Year\u00a0High","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/07\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The sun is partying like it\u2019s 2002. That\u2019s the last time sunspot counts were as high as they are now. The monthly average sunspot number for June 2023 was 163, according to the Royal Observatory of Belgium\u2019s\u00a0Solar Influences Data Analysis Center.","rel":"","context":"In \"Royal Observatory of Belgium\"","block_context":{"text":"Royal Observatory of Belgium","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=royal-observatory-of-belgium"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0nasa-sunspot-activity-oct-26-1_3562309.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0nasa-sunspot-activity-oct-26-1_3562309.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0nasa-sunspot-activity-oct-26-1_3562309.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0nasa-sunspot-activity-oct-26-1_3562309.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0nasa-sunspot-activity-oct-26-1_3562309.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427078","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=427078"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427078\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":427087,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427078\/revisions\/427087"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/427079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=427078"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=427078"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=427078"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}