{"id":415575,"date":"2025-12-01T16:10:45","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T15:10:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=415575"},"modified":"2025-12-26T02:45:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T01:45:00","slug":"study-2010-russian-heat-wave-not-caused-by-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=415575","title":{"rendered":"Study: 2010 Russian Heat Wave NOT caused by \u2018climate change\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"405\" data-attachment-id=\"415579\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=415579\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?fit=1613%2C903&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1613,903\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0,Screenshot 2025-12-01 160743\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?fit=723%2C405&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=723%2C405&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Map showing land surface temperature anomalies across Russia, with warm temperatures in red and cool temperatures in blue, highlighting the severity of the 2010 heatwave.\" class=\"wp-image-415579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=1024%2C573&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=768%2C430&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=1536%2C860&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=640%2C358&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?resize=1200%2C672&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?w=1613&amp;ssl=1 1613w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/images\/45069\/heatwave-in-russia\">Heatwave in Russia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2025\/11\/29\/study-2010-russian-heat-wave-not-caused-by-climate-change\/\">Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/author\/wattsupwiththat\/\">Anthony Watts<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Via&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/news-releases\/1106830\">Eurekalert:&nbsp;<\/a><strong>Scientists quantitatively identify main causes of Russian once-in-a-century heatwave<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) states that the global surface temperature has risen markedly since the pre-industrial era. This warming has led to more frequent and intense extreme heat events over most continents. In summer 2010, western Russia was hit by a record-breaking heatwave, with the region experiencing the warmest summer since at least 1880 and numerous cities recording all-time high temperatures. Furthermore, in the context of global warming, future midlatitude heatwaves analogous to the 2010 event will become even more extreme, with the heatwave intensity increasing by about 8.4\u00b0C in western Russia. Thus, unraveling the physical processes involved in the 2010 western Russian heatwave is a matter of considerable concern within the scientific community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Previous studies have elucidated that this extraordinary event in 2010 mainly resulted from internal natural variability, which includes but is not limited to the processes associated with El Ni\u00f1o to La Ni\u00f1a transition, the intensified Arctic dipole mode, the enhanced moisture\u2013temperature coupling strength, high-latitude land warming, and increased aerosol concentrations. However, there is still some debate regarding the respective roles of dynamical and radiative processes in driving the 2010 western Russian heatwave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A new study published in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aosl.2025.100724\"><em>Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;by a research team led by Professor Song Yang at Sun Yat-sen University, China, reveals that surface dynamics and aerosol processes were the key drivers behind the extraordinary 2010 heatwave. This study provides a new quantitative perspective on the record-breaking western Russian heatwave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTo date, attribution studies have relied primarily on sensitivity experiments conducted with climate models, which often lead to large uncertainties in quantitative results due to considerable model biases. The coupled atmosphere\u2013surface climate feedback response analysis method with the effects of aerosols incorporated (CFRAM-A) is an efficient, model-free approach for quantitative attributions of extreme temperature events. We applied this method to break down the surface warming in western Russia in 2010 into contributions from individual radiative and dynamical processes,\u201d says the first author, Dr. Lianlian Xu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cUnderstanding the physical and dynamical origin of regional climate extremes remains a major challenge in our effort to anticipate the occurrences and mitigate the adverse impacts of these extremes,\u201d adds the corresponding author, Prof. Song Yang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to this study, the surface warming over western Russia in 2010 can be primarily attributed to the effects of surface dynamics (95%), followed by atmospheric dynamics (49%), clouds (19%), and water vapor (6%), which are partially counterbalanced by aerosol-induced cooling (\u221264%). Further analysis revealed that the total aerosol cooling was predominantly governed by organic carbon (78%), black carbon (36%), and sulfate (\u221221%).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"364\" data-attachment-id=\"415577\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=415577\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?fit=700%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"700,364\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?fit=700%2C364&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?resize=700%2C364&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Bar chart illustrating the contributions of various physical processes to the 2010 western Russian heatwave, showing positive and negative impacts of factors such as solar radiation, ozone, CO2, aerosols, surface dynamics, and atmospheric dynamics.\" class=\"wp-image-415577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?w=700&amp;ssl=1 700w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?resize=300%2C156&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png?resize=640%2C333&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This research offers a new perspective for understanding the mechanisms of heatwaves globally and is crucial for improving the predictive capability of such extreme events. The framework presented in this paper not only advances understanding of extreme weather event mechanisms but also underscores the complex interplay between dynamical and radiative factors in driving record-breaking heatwaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Journal: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters DOI&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aosl.2025.100724\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1016\/j.aosl.2025.100724&nbsp;<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Article Title:&nbsp;<strong>Quantitative attribution analysis of dynamical and radiative processes to the record-breaking western Russian heatwave<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) states that the global surface temperature has risen markedly since the pre-industrial era. This warming has led to more frequent and intense extreme heat events over most continents. In summer 2010, western Russia was hit by a record-breaking heatwave, with the region experiencing the warmest summer since at least 1880 and numerous cities recording all-time high temperatures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":415579,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":true,"token":"eyJpbWciOiJodHRwczpcL1wvaTAud3AuY29tXC9jbGltYXRlLXNjaWVuY2UucHJlc3NcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzEyXC8wU2NyZWVuc2hvdC0yMDI1LTEyLTAxLTE2MDc0My5wbmc_Zml0PTcyMyUyQzQwNSZzc2w9MSIsInR4dCI6IlN0dWR5OiAyMDEwIFJ1c3NpYW4gSGVhdCBXYXZlIE5PVCBjYXVzZWQgYnkgXHUyMDE4Y2xpbWF0ZSBjaGFuZ2VcdTIwMTkiLCJ0ZW1wbGF0ZSI6ImhpZ2h3YXkiLCJmb250IjoiIiwiYmxvZ19pZCI6MTU1ODEyNDQ5fQ._m_vtsnlsrkJ6DEmKJpHA4bgxSzBdqG3vIniyU3EmrYMQ"},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691819743,691828627,691818087,691821240,691818603,691839922],"class_list":["post-415575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-climate-propaganda","tag-global-surface-temperature","tag-global-warming","tag-heatwave","tag-russia","tag-the-intergovernmental-panel-on-climate-change-ipcc-sixth-assessment-report-ar6","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0Screenshot-2025-12-01-160743.png?fit=1613%2C903&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1K6P","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":249423,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=249423","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":0},"title":"Media Regurgitates IPCC\u2019s \u2018Final Warning\u2019 on Climate Change \u2013 Without Realizing We\u2019ve Already Passed 1.5\u00b0C","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/24\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published the\u00a0final part of its sixth assessment report\u00a0(AR6) on Monday, March 20. Predictably, the media rushed to repeat the claims made in the report with their own scary, woefully overwrought, headlines.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1036.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1036.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1036.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1036.png?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":279328,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=279328","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":1},"title":"Study investigates primary drivers of observed warming: challenges of inadequate\u00a0data","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/18\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The study, entitled\u00a0The Detection and Attribution of Northern Hemisphere Land Surface Warming (1850\u20132018) in Terms of Human and Natural Factors: Challenges of Inadequate Data\u00a0(August 2023), has 40 authors, some of whom are regular contributors to the \u2018climate debate\u2019 both in published papers and elsewhere. It takes a critical look at\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-553.png?fit=1200%2C647&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-553.png?fit=1200%2C647&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-553.png?fit=1200%2C647&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-553.png?fit=1200%2C647&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-553.png?fit=1200%2C647&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":279281,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=279281","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":2},"title":"Hurricane Daniel and the Medicanes: A Dive into Science","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/18\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The media\u2019s recent fascination with Hurricane Daniel and the phenomenon of \u201cMedicanes\u201d has sparked a flurry of discussions, with many attributing these rare supercharged Mediterranean storms to anthropogenic climate change. But before jumping to conclusions, it\u2019s essential to delve into the science and understand the broader context.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0Screenshot-2023-09-18-114028.png?fit=1194%2C679&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0Screenshot-2023-09-18-114028.png?fit=1194%2C679&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0Screenshot-2023-09-18-114028.png?fit=1194%2C679&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0Screenshot-2023-09-18-114028.png?fit=1194%2C679&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0Screenshot-2023-09-18-114028.png?fit=1194%2C679&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":280164,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=280164","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":3},"title":"More on the statistical dispute between Scafetta and Schmidt","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/24\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The argument about the proper way to estimate error in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF)\u00a0ERA5\u00a0weather reanalysis dataset between Nicola Scafetta and Gavin Schmidt has finally been published by\u00a0Geophysical Research Letters. Schmidt, Jones, and Kennedy\u2019s comment is\u00a0here\u00a0(Schmidt, Jones, & Kennedy, 2023), and Scafetta\u2019s response is\u00a0here\u00a0(Scafetta N., 2023a).","rel":"","context":"In \"AR6 ECS\"","block_context":{"text":"AR6 ECS","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=ar6-ecs"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-724.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-724.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-724.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-724.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":249470,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=249470","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":4},"title":"We&#8217;re Doomed&#8230; Again! IPCC and Media Jump the Shark","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/24\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Earlier this week, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its AR6 climate change report.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0Screenshot-2023-03-24-183556.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0Screenshot-2023-03-24-183556.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0Screenshot-2023-03-24-183556.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0Screenshot-2023-03-24-183556.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":277844,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=277844","url_meta":{"origin":415575,"position":5},"title":"40% of\u00a0Apparent Global Warming Since 1850 is Due to Urban Heat Corruptions, Major Study Finds","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/08\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"A major new\u00a0study\u00a0involving 37 scientists from 18 countries has concluded that global temperature estimates since 1850 have been heavily contaminated by the growth of urban heat where the thermometers are sited. The UN-backed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) claims that urban heat accounts for less than 10% of recorded\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"climate alarmism\"","block_context":{"text":"climate alarmism","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-alarmism"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0thermometer-rising-city-heat.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0thermometer-rising-city-heat.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0thermometer-rising-city-heat.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0thermometer-rising-city-heat.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0thermometer-rising-city-heat.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=415575"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":415582,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415575\/revisions\/415582"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/415579"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=415575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=415575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=415575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}