{"id":413772,"date":"2025-11-18T16:31:04","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T15:31:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=413772"},"modified":"2025-11-18T16:31:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T15:31:07","slug":"the-cooling-also-not-our-fault-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=413772","title":{"rendered":"The Cooling Also Not Our Fault\u00a02025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"439\" data-attachment-id=\"413574\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=413574\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1530%2C930&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1530,930\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0,Screenshot 2025-11-17 094353\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=723%2C439&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=723%2C439&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Illustration of global ocean currents, showing red and blue arrows representing warm and cold water flows across the world map.\" class=\"wp-image-413574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=1024%2C622&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=768%2C467&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=640%2C389&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?resize=1200%2C729&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?w=1530&amp;ssl=1 1530w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.com\/2025\/11\/17\/the-cooling-also-not-our-fault-2025\/#respond\">Science Matters<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.com\/author\/ronaldrc\/\">Ron Clutz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" data-attachment-id=\"413774\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=413774\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?fit=500%2C375&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"500,375\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?fit=500%2C375&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?resize=500%2C375&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A diagram of ocean currents in the North Atlantic, showing various straits and basins, including the Denmark Strait, Davis Strait, and North Atlantic Current, with arrows indicating the flow direction.\" class=\"wp-image-413774\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-326.png?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the lack of global warming and the steep decline of SSTs the last 2 years, climatists are pivoting to the notion invented by the infamous M. Mann, AKA Mr. Hockey Stick (aiming to erase the Medieval warming period).\u00a0 The reasoning is convoluted, as you might expect given the intent to blame cold weather on global warming.\u00a0 The claim is that burning fossil fuels causes the North Atlantic Current to slow down and bring cold temperatures to the Northern Hemisphere.\u00a0 The video below is an excellent PR piece promoting this science fiction as though it were fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5ck9I--O3ek?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Science Facts to Counter Science Fiction<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-022-01342-4#ref-CR1\"><strong>Natural variability has dominated Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation since 1900<\/strong><\/a><br>Mojib Latif et al. published April 2022 Nature Climate Change.&nbsp; Excerpts in italics with my bolds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>There is<strong>&nbsp;debate about slowing of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)<\/strong>, a key component of the global climate system. Some focus is on the sea surface temperature (SST) slightly cooling in parts of the subpolar North Atlantic despite widespread ocean warming.<strong>&nbsp;Atlantic SST<\/strong>&nbsp;is influenced by the AMOC, especially on decadal timescales and beyond. The local&nbsp;<strong>cooling could thus reflect AMOC slowing and diminishing heat transport,<\/strong>&nbsp;consistent with climate model responses to rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Here we show from Atlantic SST the prevalence of natural AMOC variability since 1900.<\/strong>&nbsp;This is consistent with historical climate model simulations for 1900\u20132014 predicting on average AMOC slowing of about 1\u2009Sv at 30\u00b0\u2009N after 1980, which is&nbsp;<strong>within the range of internal multidecadal variability<\/strong>&nbsp;derived from the models\u2019 preindustrial control runs. These results highlight the importance of systematic and sustained in-situ monitoring systems that can detect and attribute with high confidence an anthropogenic AMOC signal.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Main<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Global surface warming<\/strong>&nbsp;(global warming hereafter) since the beginning of the twentieth century is&nbsp;<strong>unequivoca<\/strong>l, and humans are the main cause through the emission of vast amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially carbon dioxide (CO2)1,2,3. The&nbsp;<strong>oceans have stored more than 90% of the heat trapped<\/strong>&nbsp;in the climate system caused by the accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere, thereby contributing to sea-level rise and leading to more frequent and longer lasting marine heat waves4. Moreover, the oceans have taken up about one third of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions since the start of industrialization, causing<strong>&nbsp;ocean acidification<\/strong>5. Both ocean warming and acidification already have adverse consequences for marine ecosystems6. Some of the&nbsp;<strong>global warming impacts, however, unfold slowly in the ocean due to its large thermal and dynamical inertia.<\/strong>&nbsp;Examples are sea-level rise and the response of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a three-dimensional system of currents in the Atlantic Ocean with global climatic relevance7,8,9,10.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>[Comment:<\/strong>&nbsp;The paragraph above is the obligatory statement of<strong>&nbsp;fidelity to the Climatist Creed<\/strong>. All the foundational claims are affirmed with references to prove the authors above reproach, and not to be dismissed as denialists.&nbsp; As further evidence of their embrace of IPCC consensus science, consider the diagrams below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"463\" data-attachment-id=\"413777\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=413777\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?fit=1826%2C1169&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1826,1169\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?fit=723%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=723%2C463&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Graphs depicting sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies from various datasets over time, illustrating trends in the North Atlantic region and their implications for climate study.\" class=\"wp-image-413777\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=1024%2C656&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=300%2C192&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=768%2C492&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=1536%2C983&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=640%2C410&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?resize=1200%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?w=1826&amp;ssl=1 1826w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-327.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>a, The NAWH SST index<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u00b0C), defined as the annual SST anomalies averaged over the region 46\u00b0\u2009N\u201362\u00b0\u2009N and 46\u00b0\u2009W\u201320\u00b0\u2009W. Observations for 1900\u20132019 from ERSSTv.5 (orange) and Kaplan SST v.2 (yellow), and ensemble-mean SST for 1900\u20132014 (dark blue line) from the historical simulations with the CMIP6 models and the individual historical simulations (thin grey lines) are shown.&nbsp;<strong>b, Same as a but for the NA-SST index<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u00b0C), defined as the annual SST anomalies averaged over the region 40\u00b0\u2009N\u201360\u00b0\u2009N and 80\u00b0\u2009W\u20130\u00b0\u2009E.<strong>&nbsp;c, Same as a but for the AMO\/V (\u00b0C) index,<\/strong>&nbsp;defined as the 11-year running mean of the annual SST anomalies averaged over the region 0\u00b0\u2009N\u201365\u00b0\u2009N and 80\u00b0\u2009W\u20130\u00b0\u2009E. The SST indices in a\u2013c are calculated as area-weighted means.<strong>&nbsp;d, NAO index (dimensionless) for 1900\u20132019<\/strong>&nbsp;(red), defined as the difference in the normalized winter (December\u2013March) sea-level pressure between Lisbon (Portugal) and Stykkisholmur\/Reykjavik (Iceland).&nbsp;<strong>The blue curve indicates the equivalent CO2 radiative forcing (W\u2009m\u22122) for 1900\u20132019, which is taken from the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) SSP5-8.5 after 2014.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Chart d<\/strong>&nbsp;shows the NAO fluxes compared to a CO2 forcing curve based upon the much criticized&nbsp;<strong>RCP 8.5 scenario,<\/strong>&nbsp;which is&nbsp;<strong>not \u201cbusiness-as-usual\u201d but rather \u201cbusiness-impossible.\u201d<\/strong>&nbsp;Using it shows the authors bending over backwards to give every chance for confirming the alarming slowdown narrative.&nbsp; The next paragraph gives the entire game away<strong>]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Climate models predict substantial AMOC slowing if atmospheric GHG concentrations continue to rise<\/strong>&nbsp;unabatedly1,11,12,13,14. Substantial AMOC slowing&nbsp;<strong>would drive major climatic impacts<\/strong>&nbsp;such as shifting rainfall patterns on land15, accelerating regional sea-level rise16,17 and reducing oceanic CO2 uptake. However,&nbsp;<strong>it is still unclear as to whether sustained AMOC slowing is underway<\/strong>18,19,20,21,22.&nbsp;<strong>Direct ocean-circulation observation in the North Atlantic (NA) is limited<\/strong>9,23,24,25,26,27. Inferences drawn about the AMOC\u2019s history from&nbsp;<strong>proxy data28 or indices derived from other variables,<\/strong>&nbsp;which may provide information about the circulation\u2019s variability (for example, sea surface temperature (SST)21,29,30, salinity31 or Labrador Sea convection32), are&nbsp;<strong>subject to large uncertainties.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Discussion<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Observed SSTs and a large ensemble of historical simulations with state-of-the-art climate models suggest the&nbsp;<strong>prevalence of internal AMOC variability since the beginning of the twentieth century.<\/strong>&nbsp;Observations and individual model runs show comparable SST variability in the NAWH region. However, the models\u2019 ensemble-mean signal is much smaller, indicative of the prevalence of internal variability.&nbsp;<strong>Further, most of the SST cooling in the subpolar NA,<\/strong>&nbsp;which has been attributed to anthropogenic AMOC slowing21,&nbsp;<strong>occurred during 1930\u20131970, when the radiative forcing did not exhibit a major upward trend<\/strong>. We conclude that the anthropogenic signal in the AMOC cannot be reliably estimated from observed SST.&nbsp;<strong>A linear and direct relationship between radiative forcing and AMOC may not exist.<\/strong>&nbsp;Further, the relevant physical processes could be shared across EOF modes, or a mode could represent more than one process.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>A relatively stable AMOC and associated northward heat transport during the past decades is also supported by ocean syntheses<\/strong>&nbsp;combining ocean general circulation models and data76,77, hindcasts with ocean general circulation models forced by observed atmospheric boundary conditions78&nbsp;<strong>and instrumental measurements of key AMOC components<\/strong>9,22,79,80,81.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Neither of these datasets suggest major AMOC slowing since 1980, and neither of the AMOC indices from Rahmstorf et al.20 or Caesar et al.21 show an overall AMOC decline since 1980.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contextual Background<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the Energy MIx&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theenergymix.com\/2022\/05\/01\/changes-in-atlantic-current-may-fall-within-natural-variability\/\"><strong>Changes in Atlantic Current May Fall Within Natural Variability.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>In the February, 2022, edition of the journal Nature Geoscience, researchers at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science&nbsp;<strong>urged more detailed study of the notoriously complex Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC).<\/strong>&nbsp;Now, oceanographer<strong>&nbsp;Mojib Latif and his team<\/strong>&nbsp;from the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel, Germany are repeating that call in a paper just published in the journal Nature Climate Change.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The latest study describes the AMOC as a \u201cthree-dimensional system of current in the Atlantic Ocean with global climatic relevance.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The February study responded to an August 2021 warning from the Potsdam Institute<br>that the AMOC has become wildly unstable and dangerously weak<br>due to global warming caused by human activity.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The authors of the latest study affirm that the Earth\u2019s oceans have taken up more than 90% of the accumulated heat and roughly a third of all CO2 emissions since the dawn of the industrial age, leading to clearly measurable and devastating impacts like marine heat waves, sea level rise, and ocean acidification.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>But it isn\u2019t easy to confirm that the Atlantic circulation is actually slowing,<\/strong>&nbsp;partly because the ocean possesses such \u201clarge thermal and dynamical inertia.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>It is also extremely difficult to directly observe ocean circulation patterns in the North Atlantic, and proxies like sea surface temperature are \u201csubject to large uncertainties,\u201d<\/strong>&nbsp;the scientists say. Based on the available data, the GEOMAR study&nbsp;<strong>attributes localized sea surface cooling in the North Atlantic since 1900 to natural AMOC variability\u2014not<\/strong>, as had been hypothesized, t<strong>o a global heating-induced breakdown in the AMOC\u2019s capacity to transfer heat.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Footnote:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also from Science Norway&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sciencenorway.no\/climate-global-warming-marine-research\/researchers-and-the-media-need-to-stop-crying-wolf-about-the-gulf-stream\/2020932\"><strong>Researchers and the media need to stop crying \u2018wolf\u2019 about the Gulf Stream<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From Science Matters By\u00a0Ron Clutz With the lack of global warming and the steep decline of SSTs the last 2 years, climatists are pivoting to the notion invented by the infamous M. Mann, AKA Mr. Hockey Stick (aiming to erase the Medieval warming period).\u00a0 The reasoning is convoluted, as you might expect given the intent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":413574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"Explore the debate on Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation slowing and its impact on climate, challenging mainstream climate narratives.","jetpack_seo_html_title":"Understanding Natural Variability in North Atlantic Currents","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":true,"token":"eyJpbWciOiJodHRwczpcL1wvY2xpbWF0ZS1zY2llbmNlLnByZXNzXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8xMVwvMFNjcmVlbnNob3QtMjAyNS0xMS0xNy0wOTQzNTMtMTAyNHg2MjIucG5nIiwidHh0IjoiVGhlIENvb2xpbmcgQWxzbyBOb3QgT3VyIEZhdWx0XHUwMGEwMjAyNSIsInRlbXBsYXRlIjoiaGlnaHdheSIsImZvbnQiOiIiLCJibG9nX2lkIjoxNTU4MTI0NDl9.Y8Pv0_g6fvsfg5a6xLsFHFL4QX6rdtzh3DuCzbmUdAQMQ"},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821384,691829997,691818153,691823273,691818087,691822276],"class_list":{"0":"post-413772","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-atlantic-meridional-overturning-circulation-amoc","9":"tag-carbon-dioxide-co","10":"tag-climate-models","11":"tag-cooling","12":"tag-global-warming","13":"tag-sea-surface-temperature-sst","15":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1530%2C930&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1JDK","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":171625,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=171625","url_meta":{"origin":413772,"position":0},"title":"Temperature Regulated Cooling Dominates Warming and Why the Earth Stopped Cooling At 15\u00b0C","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/11\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Guest Post by Wim R\u00f6st\ufeff Abstract\ufeff It is said that the Earth\u2019s surface temperature variations are controlled by [human-induced] greenhouse gases1. This is not the case. When cooling systems dominate, surface temperatures are set by the cooling system and not by the system that is warming the surface. On Earth\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/0Figure-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":335392,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=335392","url_meta":{"origin":413772,"position":1},"title":"New Study: 1979-2013 Southern Ocean And Southeast Pacific Cooling Driven By\u2026Warming?","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/07\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Scientists attempt to explain why approximately one-third of the global ocean\u2019s sea surface temperatures cooled since the late 1970s.","rel":"","context":"In \"cooling\"","block_context":{"text":"cooling","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cooling"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/00ocean-south.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/00ocean-south.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/00ocean-south.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/00ocean-south.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/00ocean-south.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":329789,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=329789","url_meta":{"origin":413772,"position":2},"title":"Rainergy","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"23\/05\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"If aliens in spaceships saw our world, they wouldn\u2019t name it \u201cEarth\u201d. 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