{"id":396447,"date":"2025-08-20T12:16:17","date_gmt":"2025-08-20T10:16:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=396447"},"modified":"2025-08-20T12:16:19","modified_gmt":"2025-08-20T10:16:19","slug":"hurricane-erin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=396447","title":{"rendered":"Hurricane Erin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"396468\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396468\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?fit=1280%2C1280&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1280,1280\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg (1)\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A dramatic view of Hurricane Erin with swirling clouds above turbulent ocean waves at sunset.\" class=\"wp-image-396468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=1200%2C1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/notalotofpeopleknowthat.wordpress.com\/2025\/08\/19\/hurricane-erin\/\">NOT A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW THAT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By Paul Homewood<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"454\" data-attachment-id=\"396449\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396449\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?fit=874%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"874,549\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?fit=723%2C454&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?resize=723%2C454&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Text document detailing Hurricane Erin discussion number 22 from the National Hurricane Center, including wind speeds and pressure information.\" class=\"wp-image-396449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?w=874&amp;ssl=1 874w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?resize=300%2C188&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-371.png?resize=768%2C482&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/archive\/2025\/al05\/al052025.discus.022.shtml\">https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/archive\/2025\/al05\/al052025.discus.022.shtml<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hurricane Erin has gone into the books as a Cat 5 hurricane, but that is a long way from the full story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the reports from the National Hurricane Center, Erin briefly got to \u201cnear 140kts\u201d on Saturday afternoon \u2013 Cat 5s are 137 kts and over.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shortly after, it rapidly weakened as an eyewall replacement cycle took place:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"562\" height=\"622\" data-attachment-id=\"396452\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396452\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-373.png?fit=562%2C622&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"562,622\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-373.png?fit=562%2C622&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-373.png?resize=562%2C622&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A table displaying the track history of Hurricane Erin, showing synoptic time, latitude, longitude, and intensity measurements.\" class=\"wp-image-396452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-373.png?w=562&amp;ssl=1 562w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-373.png?resize=271%2C300&amp;ssl=1 271w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 562px) 100vw, 562px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rammb-data.cira.colostate.edu\/tc_realtime\/storm.asp?storm_identifier=al052025\">https:\/\/rammb-data.cira.colostate.edu\/tc_realtime\/storm.asp?storm_identifier=al052025<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This apparent spike in wind speeds was not spotted by satellites, which peaked at around 130 kts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"237\" data-attachment-id=\"396454\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396454\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?fit=1024%2C336&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,336\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?fit=723%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?resize=723%2C237&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Graph depicting the intensity (Vmax in knots) of Hurricane Erin over time, with Digital Dvorak Vmax in red and Warning Intensity in green, showing fluctuations in wind speed from August 8 to August 20, 2025.\" class=\"wp-image-396454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?resize=300%2C98&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-374.png?resize=768%2C252&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rammb-data.cira.colostate.edu\/tc_realtime\/products\/storms\/2025al05\/dgtldvor\/2025al05_dgtldvor_202508190900.gif\">https:\/\/rammb-data.cira.colostate.edu\/tc_realtime\/products\/storms\/2025al05\/dgtldvor\/2025al05_dgtldvor_202508190900.gif<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is now commonplace for hurricane hunter aircraft to spend hours flying inside hurricanes, even far from Florida as Erin was on Saturday. Consequently they are much more likely to spot a short lived spike in just one small area of the eyewall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Planes are now much more robust with longer range and can stay in the air longer. The WP-3D Orion, for example, has a range of about 3,800 nautical miles and can fly up to 10-12 hours, sufficient for most hurricane missions. The Gulfstream IV-SP has an even longer range of 4200 nautical miles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"400\" data-attachment-id=\"396456\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396456\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?fit=1020%2C564&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1020,564\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?fit=723%2C400&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?resize=723%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Forecast track map of Hurricane Erin showing projected path and timing of the storm's movement in the Atlantic.\" class=\"wp-image-396456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?w=1020&amp;ssl=1 1020w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-375.png?resize=768%2C425&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even just a few years ago this would not have been possible. The Gulfstream, for instance, was only introduced in 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Without this sort of virtually continuous observation, Erin\u2019s peak wind speeds would almost certainly not have been recorded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2012, leading US hurricane scientists, Chris Landsea and Andrew Hagen, looked into the consequences of improving observation methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"237\" data-attachment-id=\"396458\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396458\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?fit=956%2C313&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"956,313\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?fit=723%2C237&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?resize=723%2C237&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Research article titled 'On the Classification of Extreme Atlantic Hurricanes Utilizing Mid-Twentieth-Century Monitoring Capabilities' by Andrew B. Hagen and Christopher W. Landsea, published on July 1, 2012.\" class=\"wp-image-396458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?w=956&amp;ssl=1 956w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?resize=300%2C98&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-376.png?resize=768%2C251&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Abstract<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>An investigation is conducted to determine how improvements in observing capabilities and technology may have affected scientists\u2019 ability to detect and monitor Saffir\u2013Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale Category 5 hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean basin during the mid-twentieth century. Previous studies state that there has been an increase in the number of intense hurricanes and attribute this increase to anthropogenic global warming. Other studies claim that the apparent increased hurricane activity is an artifact of better observational capabilities and improved technology for detecting these intense hurricanes. The present study focuses on the 10 most recent Category 5 hurricanes recorded in the Atlantic, from Hurricane Andrew (1992) through Hurricane Felix (2007). These 10 hurricanes are placed into the context of the technology available in the period of 1944\u201353, the first decade of aircraft reconnaissance. A methodology is created to determine how many of these 10 recent Category 5 hurricanes likely would have been recorded as Category 5 if they had occurred during this period using only the observations that likely would have been available with existing technology and observational networks. Late-1940s and early-1950s best-track intensities are determined for the entire lifetime of these 10 recent Category 5 hurricanes. It is found that likely only 2 of these 10\u2014both Category 5 landfalling hurricanes\u2014would have been recorded as Category 5 hurricanes if they had occurred during the late-1940s period. The results suggest that intensity estimates for extreme tropical cyclones prior to the satellite era are unreliable for trend and variability analysis.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/view\/journals\/clim\/25\/13\/jcli-d-11-00420.1.xml\">https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/view\/journals\/clim\/25\/13\/jcli-d-11-00420.1.xml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In short, they reviewed ten recent Cat 5s, and concluded that only two would have been rated Cat 5 using the technology available in the 1940s. (The two that would have been categorised were both Cat 5 at landfall, so would have been measured by land-based instruments).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Their paper includes this chart, originally published by McAdie et al in 2009:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"400\" data-attachment-id=\"396459\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396459\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?fit=1024%2C566&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,566\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?fit=723%2C400&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?resize=723%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Graph illustrating the evolution of data sources and technology used in hurricane observation from 1850 to 2000.\" class=\"wp-image-396459\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-377.png?resize=768%2C425&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Note that the first hurricane hunter jets were only introduced in 1996. Previously NOAA relied on the Orion, which is a turbo jet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On this occasion the peak winds of Erin were measured by an Air Force Reserve Lockheed WC-130J Hercules, which they have only been using since 1999, replacing the older WC-130H. Moreover, the plethora of instruments carried by hurricane hunters now have improved out of all recognition over the years \u2013 Doppler, for example, only began to be used in the mid 1990s. SFMR (Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer) was not fully&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/3\/214\">deployed<\/a>&nbsp;until 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although dropsondes have been in use for longer, they have only been able to provide accurate data since the introduction of GPS, again during the 1990s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hagen &amp; Landsea note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Observations of the peak intensity in strong hurricanes were much less common during the late 1940s\/early 1950s when compared with recent years because the ability to measure the central pressure and peak winds in major hurricanes was very limited during the late 1940s\/early 1950s. A Category 5 designation would be possible if a hurricane made landfall as a Category 5 at or very near a weather station, or if a ship passed through the center while at Category 5 intensity. Aircraft reconnaissance was generally only capable of recording Category 4 conditions at most because of the inability to penetrate intense hurricanes.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The period 1944\u20131953 was the first decade of routine military aircraft reconnaissance into Atlantic tropical cyclones.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/view\/journals\/clim\/25\/13\/jcli-d-11-00420.1.xml#bib15\"><em>Hagen et al. (2012)<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;explain that the surface and especially the flight-level winds during this decade lack sufficient accuracy and consistency to be given more than a light weight in the reanalysis of the HURDAT intensity. Instead, the reanalysis of intensity relies heavily on aircraft central pressure measurements, when available. Central pressure measurements are converted to maximum wind speeds utilizing the&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/view\/journals\/clim\/25\/13\/jcli-d-11-00420.1.xml#bib8\"><em>Brown et al. (2006)<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;pressure\u2013wind relationships. Aircraft penetrations (i.e., fly into the eye) were extremely uncommon for major hurricanes from 1944 to 1949 and for Category 4 and 5 hurricanes from 1950 to 1953 because the aircraft were not equipped for the extreme winds and turbulence often experienced in hurricanes of that strength. Instead, circumnavigations would generally be conducted. When penetrations were not performed, central pressures could not be obtained, and the intensity of the hurricane is highly uncertain.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Significantly they also point out that hurricane hunters could only operate during daylight hours in the 1940s and 50s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Aircraft intensity information was only available during daylight hours during the late 1940s and early 1950s, since penetrations of that era required low-level flights where the pilots could physically see the sea surface.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hurricane Camille<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To put some bones on all of this, let\u2019s take a look at how Hurricane Camille, the second strongest hurricane to hit the US, was tracked back in 1969.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the official reports, a hurricane hunter penetrated Camille at 0016 GMT on 17th August, when central pressure of 905mb was recorded. This was about 28 hours before it made landfall in Mississippi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yet it was a further 18 hours before the next aircraft penetrated, despite the storm\u2019s proximity to the coast in the Gulf of Mexico. This was to be the last aerial survey, as ground radar provided the information needed for tracking purposes. During these two long gaps, nobody knows whether winds peaked at even higher speeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is in stark contrast to current practice, when the goal seems to be to search out the highest wind speed they can find just for the sake of it.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"452\" height=\"686\" data-attachment-id=\"396462\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396462\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-379.png?fit=452%2C686&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"452,686\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-379.png?fit=452%2C686&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-379.png?resize=452%2C686&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A detailed analysis of hurricane penetration reports highlighting the central pressure and wind speed measurements taken during various reconnaissance missions, including records from the Air Force and Navy.\" class=\"wp-image-396462\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-379.png?w=452&amp;ssl=1 452w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-379.png?resize=198%2C300&amp;ssl=1 198w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weather.gov\/mob\/camille\">https:\/\/www.weather.gov\/mob\/camille<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is one other observation in the Camille report worth noting:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"142\" data-attachment-id=\"396464\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396464\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-380.png?fit=460%2C142&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"460,142\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-380.png?fit=460%2C142&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-380.png?resize=460%2C142&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Text from a document outlining the National Hurricane Center's requirements for reconnaissance aircraft, including the need to establish the position of the hurricane, its lowest sea-level pressure, and maximum surface winds.\" class=\"wp-image-396464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-380.png?w=460&amp;ssl=1 460w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-380.png?resize=300%2C93&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"476\" height=\"415\" data-attachment-id=\"396465\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=396465\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-381.png?fit=476%2C415&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"476,415\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-381.png?fit=476%2C415&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-381.png?resize=476%2C415&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A printed page with highlighted sections discussing Navy procedures and safety restrictions for penetrating the center of hurricanes, emphasizing the need for suitable aircraft and radar.\" class=\"wp-image-396465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-381.png?w=476&amp;ssl=1 476w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/image-381.png?resize=300%2C262&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So we find that Navy aircraft were not allowed into any storm stronger than a weak Cat 4 and that the Air Force radar was not up to the job!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, when the BBC try to convince you that there are more Cat 5 Atlantic hurricanes than in the past, they are being dishonest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hurricane Erin has gone into the books as a Cat 5 hurricane, but that is a long way from the full story.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":396468,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"Explore the real story behind Hurricane Erin's classification as a Category 5 storm, revealing the impacts of improved observation technology.","jetpack_seo_html_title":"Understanding Hurricane Erin: Peak Winds and Observation Advances","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-396447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/0AQPbe4OCoUS3NQweTqlSjs4YA5KzpvNLbJD5oJ5n-bTXxaMh3J-a8D8kg24p8LKZ8hIkaSDxrcTuXjoyjMpVsVd6rxlAjUaII_rgfM2X3VuwjafNIKOcu1LQceDkYvO4XCeF3kPs1Bg5DfV6-ckoxNz30hqnCg-1.jpeg?fit=1280%2C1280&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1F8j","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":398638,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=398638","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":0},"title":"Sorry, New York Times, No Evidence Shows Hurricane Erin was Driven by Climate Change","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/29\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The New York Times (NYT) published an article titled \u201cHow Climate Change Affects Hurricanes Like Erin,\u201d in which they rely on rapid attribution analysis to claim that climate change is making rapidly intensifying hurricanes more likely, implying that the storm was worsened by global warming. This is false. Attribution studies\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Attribution studies\"","block_context":{"text":"Attribution studies","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=attribution-studies"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPHF72mXv3e9Hl6w4GkmDKEA9MFJSeFr0Wopv0fcxC3ESOwZhT6w40X6UAYrcxGI78wfkwiITDBMYRsaUxsZ7GSgSbeAoqsy8dobOGRV9pnerdsc9j-23odK48k_PwMEnwDerbx4vmBfaG4-VC-9RReeX21zw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPHF72mXv3e9Hl6w4GkmDKEA9MFJSeFr0Wopv0fcxC3ESOwZhT6w40X6UAYrcxGI78wfkwiITDBMYRsaUxsZ7GSgSbeAoqsy8dobOGRV9pnerdsc9j-23odK48k_PwMEnwDerbx4vmBfaG4-VC-9RReeX21zw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPHF72mXv3e9Hl6w4GkmDKEA9MFJSeFr0Wopv0fcxC3ESOwZhT6w40X6UAYrcxGI78wfkwiITDBMYRsaUxsZ7GSgSbeAoqsy8dobOGRV9pnerdsc9j-23odK48k_PwMEnwDerbx4vmBfaG4-VC-9RReeX21zw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPHF72mXv3e9Hl6w4GkmDKEA9MFJSeFr0Wopv0fcxC3ESOwZhT6w40X6UAYrcxGI78wfkwiITDBMYRsaUxsZ7GSgSbeAoqsy8dobOGRV9pnerdsc9j-23odK48k_PwMEnwDerbx4vmBfaG4-VC-9RReeX21zw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPHF72mXv3e9Hl6w4GkmDKEA9MFJSeFr0Wopv0fcxC3ESOwZhT6w40X6UAYrcxGI78wfkwiITDBMYRsaUxsZ7GSgSbeAoqsy8dobOGRV9pnerdsc9j-23odK48k_PwMEnwDerbx4vmBfaG4-VC-9RReeX21zw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":420977,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=420977","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":1},"title":"Atlantic Hurricane Season\u00a02025","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"01\/11\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"By far the most complete and robust data we have for hurricanes is for those which have hit the US coast. The US Hurricane Research Division, which is part of the Federal agency NOAA, have data going back as far as 1851. According to them, hurricane data is pretty reliable\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Atlantic Hurricane Season\"","block_context":{"text":"Atlantic Hurricane Season","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=atlantic-hurricane-season"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/AQNQjjXjEchEt8PH6BUA5CzyQwvjuBh7BLKw7e3mxeI-BXCg02t4Ebxu13GaLV187gsAp8zLOY0pbktHwuik-A3hoo0xvh-w-V_BGN7WwCd_0T56WyFGWRjqdXhlEC_5cLfZQS7JnW5ZVPo0oLrFO2IREMsXlA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/AQNQjjXjEchEt8PH6BUA5CzyQwvjuBh7BLKw7e3mxeI-BXCg02t4Ebxu13GaLV187gsAp8zLOY0pbktHwuik-A3hoo0xvh-w-V_BGN7WwCd_0T56WyFGWRjqdXhlEC_5cLfZQS7JnW5ZVPo0oLrFO2IREMsXlA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/AQNQjjXjEchEt8PH6BUA5CzyQwvjuBh7BLKw7e3mxeI-BXCg02t4Ebxu13GaLV187gsAp8zLOY0pbktHwuik-A3hoo0xvh-w-V_BGN7WwCd_0T56WyFGWRjqdXhlEC_5cLfZQS7JnW5ZVPo0oLrFO2IREMsXlA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/AQNQjjXjEchEt8PH6BUA5CzyQwvjuBh7BLKw7e3mxeI-BXCg02t4Ebxu13GaLV187gsAp8zLOY0pbktHwuik-A3hoo0xvh-w-V_BGN7WwCd_0T56WyFGWRjqdXhlEC_5cLfZQS7JnW5ZVPo0oLrFO2IREMsXlA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/AQNQjjXjEchEt8PH6BUA5CzyQwvjuBh7BLKw7e3mxeI-BXCg02t4Ebxu13GaLV187gsAp8zLOY0pbktHwuik-A3hoo0xvh-w-V_BGN7WwCd_0T56WyFGWRjqdXhlEC_5cLfZQS7JnW5ZVPo0oLrFO2IREMsXlA.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":396971,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=396971","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":2},"title":"NBC News\u2019 Claim of Climate Driven Rapid Hurricane Intensification is False","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/22\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The recent NBC News article, \u201cClimate change is increasing the risk of rapidly intensifying storms. Hurricane Erin is the latest example,\u201d and a similar story published by\u00a0CNN, are yet additional instances of media hyperbole overshadowing scientific nuance. The claim that climate change is\u00a0driving\u00a0the increasingly frequent rapid intensification of hurricanes is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQNH38ngDe7MEmoIKYp5qnLn6DElU25QT_6ccmXCCL1nFpWff8unEUJS6je234ktS4WyThDSaaBU5aE5mHaSb9c3CPh63_BA62uIOAnvFwYUzVdlbcj-EAb2K0j2Gl9PapTg9rC8KDcLB_VXnXxLgecNPOLS_g.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQNH38ngDe7MEmoIKYp5qnLn6DElU25QT_6ccmXCCL1nFpWff8unEUJS6je234ktS4WyThDSaaBU5aE5mHaSb9c3CPh63_BA62uIOAnvFwYUzVdlbcj-EAb2K0j2Gl9PapTg9rC8KDcLB_VXnXxLgecNPOLS_g.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQNH38ngDe7MEmoIKYp5qnLn6DElU25QT_6ccmXCCL1nFpWff8unEUJS6je234ktS4WyThDSaaBU5aE5mHaSb9c3CPh63_BA62uIOAnvFwYUzVdlbcj-EAb2K0j2Gl9PapTg9rC8KDcLB_VXnXxLgecNPOLS_g.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQNH38ngDe7MEmoIKYp5qnLn6DElU25QT_6ccmXCCL1nFpWff8unEUJS6je234ktS4WyThDSaaBU5aE5mHaSb9c3CPh63_BA62uIOAnvFwYUzVdlbcj-EAb2K0j2Gl9PapTg9rC8KDcLB_VXnXxLgecNPOLS_g.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQNH38ngDe7MEmoIKYp5qnLn6DElU25QT_6ccmXCCL1nFpWff8unEUJS6je234ktS4WyThDSaaBU5aE5mHaSb9c3CPh63_BA62uIOAnvFwYUzVdlbcj-EAb2K0j2Gl9PapTg9rC8KDcLB_VXnXxLgecNPOLS_g.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":418799,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=418799","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":3},"title":"True, Rigzone, 2025 Was Quiet in the USA For Hurricanes","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"12\/27\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"A recent post at the website Rigzone, \u201cNo Hurricanes Strike USA For 1st Time in a Decade,\u201d discusses how the United States lucked out by not being struck by any hurricanes this year, and never once credits climate change. The whole post is factual and straightforward. Climate change is not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0no-landfalls.png?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0no-landfalls.png?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0no-landfalls.png?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0no-landfalls.png?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0no-landfalls.png?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":404603,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=404603","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":4},"title":"Game on in the tropics","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/24\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The media is already making a deal about the rapid feedback of Gabrielle yet would not mention for 4 days she did not intensify at all. Imagine what they will do if this happens.","rel":"","context":"In \"Hurricane Erin\"","block_context":{"text":"Hurricane Erin","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=hurricane-erin"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/0AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":409797,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=409797","url_meta":{"origin":396447,"position":5},"title":"The Hurricane Season That Still Isn\u2019t","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/23\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Cynical, disaster-seeking climate change hysterics have been pushing, for decades now, a narrative that global warming, especially warming ocean temperatures, increase the risk of hurricane activity. Every year, they seem to be eagerly awaiting devastating superstorms to prove them right. And the 2025 hurricane season looked ripe.","rel":"","context":"In \"climate agenda\"","block_context":{"text":"climate agenda","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-agenda"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/AQMXW0YglThsv7wV0_x8YBGe-KTMFXEZbLx55uX4giqPVsYBbjJrphvPDnIMfFejK-VgpspcFPYVP9-NVc9xCrw-NEZkd5R_tzC5UqJRW_RCsmQTqYPToAqUomZS_iTMgWPXHP33TOy56xLLQkrCLyLQjVaHQw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/396447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=396447"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/396447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":396470,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/396447\/revisions\/396470"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/396468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=396447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=396447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=396447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}