{"id":381552,"date":"2025-06-05T12:03:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-05T10:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=381552"},"modified":"2025-06-05T12:03:20","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T10:03:20","slug":"permian-basin-the-energizer-bunny-of-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=381552","title":{"rendered":"Permian Basin \u2013 The Energizer Bunny of Oil"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"381595\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381595\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?fit=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0ChatGPT Image 5. Juni 2025, 12_02_05\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381595\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ChatGPT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2025\/06\/04\/permian-basin-the-energizer-bunny-of-oil\/\">Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guest \u201cThis\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Energizer_Bunny\">bunny<\/a>\u00a0just keeps going and going!\u201d by <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/author\/debunkhouse\/\">David Middleton<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">June 2, 2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=65404#\">Tight oil production in Permian drives growth in onshore U.S. Lower 48 states production<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"352\" data-attachment-id=\"381554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381554\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?fit=2060%2C1001&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2060,1001\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?fit=723%2C352&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=723%2C352&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381554\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=1024%2C498&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=300%2C146&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=768%2C373&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=1536%2C746&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=2048%2C995&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?resize=1200%2C583&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-59.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Data source:\u00a0<\/strong><em>U.S. Energy Information Administration,\u00a0Short Term Energy Outlook\u00a0(<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=9\">Table 4a<\/a><em>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=33&amp;f=M&amp;s=0&amp;id=&amp;maptype=0&amp;ctype=linechart\">Table 10b<\/a><em>), May 2025 and Enverus<\/em><br><strong>Note:\u00a0<\/strong><em>L48=U.S. Lower 48 states<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Onshore crude oil production in the U.S. Lower 48 states (L48) has more than tripled since January 2010, driven by tight oil production growth in the Permian region. Onshore crude oil production is made up of both legacy oil production, primarily from vertically drilled wells, and newer&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/tools\/glossary\/index.php?id=Tight_oil\">tight oil<\/a>&nbsp;production, primarily from horizontally drilled wells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legacy production decreased from 2.6 million barrels per day (b\/d) in 2010 to 2.1 million b\/d in 2024. Over the same period, tight oil production increased from 0.8 million b\/d to 8.9 million b\/d, accounting for 81% of total onshore L48 oil production in 2024. The Permian accounted for 65% of all tight oil production growth and 51% of L48 oil production in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/dnav\/pet\/pet_crd_crpdn_adc_mbblpd_m.htm\">2024<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since 2010, U.S. tight oil production within and outside of the Permian has generally grown. Tight oil production from non-Permian plays decreased from 2015 to 2017 in a period of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=24432\">low oil prices<\/a>. At the beginning of 2020, tight oil production from the Permian region was essentially equal to tight oil production from all other producing regions in the United States. Permian and non-Permian&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=47056\">oil production both fell significantly<\/a>&nbsp;in response to crude oil prices falling&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=8&amp;f=M&amp;s=0&amp;start=201001&amp;end=202502&amp;id=&amp;ctype=linechart&amp;maptype=0&amp;linechart=WTIPUUS\">below $50 per barrel<\/a>&nbsp;(b) related to the COVID-19 pandemic, with production reaching annual lows in May 2020. After 2020, however, production in the Permian increased at a faster rate than production outside the Permian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"358\" data-attachment-id=\"381556\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381556\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?fit=1926%2C953&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1926,953\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?fit=723%2C358&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=723%2C358&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=1024%2C507&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=300%2C148&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=768%2C380&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=1536%2C760&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?resize=1200%2C594&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?w=1926&amp;ssl=1 1926w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-60.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Data source:\u00a0<\/strong><em>U.S. Energy Information Administration,\u00a0Short Term Energy Outlook\u00a0(<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=33&amp;f=M&amp;s=0&amp;id=&amp;maptype=0&amp;ctype=linechart\">Table 10b<\/a><em>), May 2025 and Enverus<\/em><br><strong>Note:\u00a0<\/strong><em>WTI=West Texas Intermediate<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tight oil production in the Permian began growing again in 2021 as crude oil prices rose, but production in the non-Permian remained low. After 2020, Permian tight oil production grew at a slower rate than 2017\u201319, but by December 2024, Permian production reached 5.6 million b\/d, up 45% compared with 2020. In contrast, non-Permian tight oil production decreased by 14.9% (0.6 million b\/d) based on the annual average oil volumes from 2020 to 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Within the Permian region, the Wolfcamp, Bone Spring, and Spraberry plays produce most of the tight oil, accounting for 99% of Permian tight oil production in 2024. The Wolfcamp play, the largest of the three, has driven growth in the Permian and produced 3.4 million b\/d of tight oil in 2024, which was equivalent to production from all other non-Permian tight oil plays combined. The Spraberry and Bone Spring combined produced an average 2.1 million b\/d in 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"350\" data-attachment-id=\"381558\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381558\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?fit=1960%2C949&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1960,949\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?fit=723%2C350&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=723%2C350&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381558\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=1024%2C496&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=300%2C145&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=768%2C372&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=1536%2C744&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=1200%2C581&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?resize=930%2C450&amp;ssl=1 930w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?w=1960&amp;ssl=1 1960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-61.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Data source:\u00a0<\/strong><em>U.S. Energy Information Administration,\u00a0Short Term Energy Outlook\u00a0(<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/outlooks\/steo\/data\/browser\/#\/?v=33&amp;f=M&amp;s=0&amp;id=&amp;maptype=0&amp;ctype=linechart\">Table 10b<\/a><em>), May 2025 and Enverus<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principal contributor:&nbsp;<\/strong>Troy Cook<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tags:&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=crude%20oil\">crude oil<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20oil\/petroleum\">oil\/petroleum<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20production\/supply\">production\/supply<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/index.php?tg=%20Permian\">Permian<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=65404\">US EIA<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From 2000 through 2024 the cumulative production from the Permian Basin totaled been 14 billion barrels of crude oil and nearly 40 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. In 2024, the basin accounted for about 2 billion barrels of oil and nearly 7 trillion cubic feet of natural gas production.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"520\" data-attachment-id=\"381560\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381560\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-63.png?fit=720%2C520&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,520\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-63.png?fit=720%2C520&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-63.png?resize=720%2C520&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381560\" style=\"width:720px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-63.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-63.png?resize=300%2C217&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Permian Basin oil &amp; gas production and gas\/oil ratio (GOR) (2000-2024)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cue Forrest Gump\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Otm4RusESNU?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br>Let\u2019s look at the Wolfcamp Formation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At 3.4 million barrels per day, The Wolfcamp Formation of the Permian Basin is, by far, the largest single contributor to US oil production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Wolfcamp Formation was first identified in outcrops in the Wolf Camp Hills, south of the Glass Mountains, north of Marathon, Texas over 100 years ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Centennial of the Wolfcamp Formation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">April 2017&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/explorer.aapg.org\/author\/id\/1152\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Richard Bain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This year marks a centennial celebration for petroleum geologists in more ways than one. A few months after the founding of AAPG in early 1917, the first description of the Wolfcamp Formation was published in the University of Texas Bulletin No. 1753 titled \u201cNotes on the Geology of the Glass Mountains\u201d by J. A. Udden, on Sept. 20, 1917.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Johan August Udden described a series of outcrops in the Wolf Camp Hills that lie at the southern end of the Glass Mountains, approximately 12 miles northeast of the town of Marathon in Brewster County, Texas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u2026]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/explorer.aapg.org\/story\/articleid\/38421\/centennial-of-the-wolfcamp-formation\">AAPG Explorer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"464\" data-attachment-id=\"381564\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381564\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-65.png?fit=720%2C464&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,464\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-65.png?fit=720%2C464&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-65.png?resize=720%2C464&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-65.png?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-65.png?resize=300%2C193&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Wolfcamp Formation is present in all three tectonic provinces of the Permian Basin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Delaware Basin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Central Basin Platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Midland Basin<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"525\" data-attachment-id=\"381565\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381565\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?fit=1110%2C806&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1110,806\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?fit=723%2C525&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?resize=723%2C525&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?resize=1024%2C744&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?resize=300%2C218&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?resize=768%2C558&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-66.png?w=1110&amp;ssl=1 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Major tectonic features of the Permian Basin,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/debunkhouse.files.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/permian_majorfeatures.jpg\">click to enlarge<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/maps\/maps.htm\">EIA<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Wolfcamp is the lowermost and oldest Permian series\/formation in the Permian Basin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"547\" data-attachment-id=\"381567\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381567\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?fit=1110%2C840&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1110,840\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?fit=723%2C547&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?resize=723%2C547&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?resize=1024%2C775&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?resize=300%2C227&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?resize=768%2C581&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-67.png?w=1110&amp;ssl=1 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Schematic cross-section of the Permian Basin,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.seg.org\/images\/c\/c6\/Tarka-Permian-Xsection.jpg\">click to enlarge<\/a>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.seg.org\/wiki\/Permian_basin\">SEG Wiki<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The organic-rich \u201cshale\u201d was deposited in an semi-enclosed \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inland_sea\">epicontinental<\/a>\u201d sea approximately 290 million years ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Regional stratigraphy and lithology of the Wolfcamp formation<\/strong><br>Wolfcamp formation deposited during late Pennsylvanian through late Wolfcampian time is distributed across the entire Permian Basin. The Wolfcamp formation is a complex unit consisting mostly of organic-rich shale and argillaceous carbonates intervals near the basin edges. Depth, thickness, and lithology vary significantly across the basin extent. Depositional and diagenetic processes control this formation heterogeneity. Stratigraphically, the Wolfcamp is a stacked play with four intervals, designated topdown as the A, B, C, and D benches (Gaswirth, 2017). Porosity of the Wolfcamp Formation varies between 2.0% and 12.0% and averages 6.0%; however, average permeability is as low as 10 millidarcies<sup>3<\/sup>, which requires multistage hydraulic fracturing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/maps\/pdf\/PermianBasin_Wolfcamp_EIAReport_Oct2018.pdf\">EIA<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Throughout most of the history of the Permian Basin, the organic-rich Wolfcamp was considered one of the primary source rocks for conventional oil &amp; gas reservoirs in the basin. The Wolfcamp was not thought to be a viable reservoir rock due to its low permeability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The advent of horizontal drilling, coupled with multistage hydraulic fracking since 2010, rapidly led to the Wolf camp becoming the dominant oil reservoir in the United States. In 2016, the USGS estimated a technically recoverable resource of \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/news\/national-news-release\/usgs-estimates-20-billion-barrels-oil-texas-wolfcamp-shale-formation\">20 billion barrels of oil, 16 trillion cubic feet of associated natural gas, and 1.6 billion barrels of natural gas liquids<\/a>\u201d in the Midland Basin alone. Since the USGS assessment, the Permian Basin has yielded 11.6 billion barrels of oil and 33.9 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, with the lion\u2019 share coming from the Wolfcamp\u2026 And production is still on the rise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"362\" data-attachment-id=\"381569\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381569\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?fit=1024%2C512&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,512\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?fit=723%2C362&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?resize=723%2C362&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?resize=300%2C150&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-68.png?resize=768%2C384&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For Further Reading<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/maps\/pdf\/PermianBasin_Wolfcamp_EIAReport_Oct2018.pdf\">Permian Basin Wolfcamp Shale Play Geology review (EIA October 2018)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/maps\/pdf\/Permian-pI_Wolfcamp-Bonespring-Delaware.pdf\">Permian Basin Part 1 Wolfcamp, Bone Spring, Delaware Shale Plays of the Delaware Basin Geology review (EIA 2020)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Addendum<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Permian<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381570\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381570\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-69.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lower 48 Tight Oil Plays<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381572\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381572\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-70.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Austin Chalk<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Austin Chalk and Tokio and Eutaw Formations of the Gulf Coast Basin contain a mean of 6.9 billion&nbsp;barrels of oil and&nbsp;41.5 trillion cubic feet of natural gas according to a&nbsp;<strong>new assessment<\/strong>&nbsp;by the U.S. Geological Survey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/news\/national-news-release\/usgs-estimates-undiscovered-oil-and-gas-resources-austin-chalk-formation\">USGS<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381573\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381573\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-71.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"850\" data-attachment-id=\"381575\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381575\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?fit=1100%2C1293&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1100,1293\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?fit=723%2C850&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?resize=723%2C850&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?resize=871%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 871w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?resize=255%2C300&amp;ssl=1 255w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?resize=768%2C903&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-72.png?w=1100&amp;ssl=1 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bakken<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The USGS has completed an&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.er.usgs.gov\/publication\/fs20213058\">oil and gas estimate<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;for the Bakken and Three Forks Formations in the Williston Basin of Montana and North Dakota. &nbsp;The estimate includes 4.3 billion barrels of unconventional oil and 4.9 trillion cubic feet of unconventional natural gas in the two formations. This assessment updates the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.doi.gov\/news\/pressreleases\/usgs-releases-new-oil-and-gas-assessment-for-bakken-and-three-forks-formations\"><strong>2013 USGS assessment<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;of the Williston Basin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/news\/national-news-release\/usgs-releases-oil-and-gas-assessment-bakken-and-three-forks-formations\">USGS<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381576\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381576\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-73.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"1024\" data-attachment-id=\"381578\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381578\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?fit=619%2C1051&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"619,1051\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?fit=603%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?resize=603%2C1024&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?resize=603%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 603w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?resize=177%2C300&amp;ssl=1 177w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-75.png?w=619&amp;ssl=1 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eagle Ford<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Eagle Ford Group of Texas contains estimated means of 8.5 billion barrels of oil, 66 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and 1.9 billion barrels of natural gas liquids, according to a new&nbsp;<strong>assessment<\/strong>&nbsp;by the U.S. Geological Survey. This estimate consists of&nbsp;<strong>undiscovered<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>technically recoverable resources<\/strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<strong>continuous accumulations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/news\/national-news-release\/usgs-estimates-oil-and-gas-texas-eagle-ford-group\">USGS<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381580\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381580\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-76.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"657\" data-attachment-id=\"381581\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381581\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?fit=971%2C883&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"971,883\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?fit=723%2C657&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?resize=723%2C657&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?w=971&amp;ssl=1 971w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?resize=300%2C273&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-77.png?resize=768%2C698&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mississippian<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Mississippian Lime (ML), a carbonate formation that primarily produces oil, underlies a large portion of Northern Oklahoma and Southern Kansas. The formation has been drilled vertically since the 1940s, with its first horizontal well drilled in 2007. The play lies at a fairly shallow depth (4,000-7,000 feet), and it features different drilling characteristics from shale and tight sands formations. Carbonate plays tend to be more permeable, which reduces the amount of drilling horsepower required to navigate through the rock. This, along with its shallower depth, tends to reduce drilling costs, everything else being equal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalgasintel.com\/glossary\/what-is-the-mississippian-lime-shale-play\/\">NGI<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381582\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381582\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-78.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-attachment-id=\"381585\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381585\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-80.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"600,338\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-80.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-80.png?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-80.png?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-80.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Niobrara<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Niobrara-DJ Basin is a crude oil and liquids rich gas play that is located in Northeast Colorado and Southeast Wyoming. The Niobrara is located in several areas of the Rocky Mountains, including the Powder River in Wyoming and in parts of Northwest Colorado. The portion that lies within the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin is a combination shale\/marl\/chalk\/sandstone formation that lies at depths 5,500\u2032-8,500\u2032, and is comprised of three separate zones, or \u201cbenches:\u201d the A, B, and C benches. Just below the C bench sits the Codell tight sands formation, which is more of an emerging natural gas play, but is also garnering the interest of operators, especially those who are able to drill commingled Niobrara and Codell wells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalgasintel.com\/glossary\/what-is-the-niobrara-dj-basin\/\">NGI<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381586\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381586\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-81.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-attachment-id=\"381588\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381588\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-83.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"600,338\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-83.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-83.png?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-83.png?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-83.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Woodford<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Cana-Woodford (also known as the Anadarko-Woodford) is a liquids rich shale formation that is named after Canadian County, OK, although the formation underlies several counties in the western half of the state. Production in the Cana-Woodford kicked off in the 1930s from conventional vertical wells, with the industry\u2019s first horizontal well coming in 2007. More recently, however, the counties that comprise the Cana fairway have been targeted for emerging oil plays, such as the SCOOP and STACK formations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Cana is a relatively deep formation, ranging from 8,000\u2032-16,000\u2032 in true vertical depth, with some wells reaching total measured depth greater than 20,000\u2032. In 2011, the U.S. Energy Administration went so far as to declare the Cana-Woodford the deepest commercial horizontal shale play in the world. Similar to the Eagle Ford and the Ohio-Utica formations, the Cana features a dry gas, a condensate, and an oil window.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalgasintel.com\/glossary\/what-is-the-cana-woodford-shale-basin\/\">NGI<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381590\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381590\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-84.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-attachment-id=\"381592\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381592\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-86.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"600,338\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-86.png?fit=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-86.png?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-86.png?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-86.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Other Tight Oil Formations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"381593\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=381593\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?fit=920%2C613&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"920,613\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-381593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?w=920&amp;ssl=1 920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-87.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Onshore crude oil production in the U.S. Lower 48 states (L48) has more than tripled since January 2010, driven by tight oil production growth in the Permian region. Onshore crude oil production is made up of both legacy oil production, primarily from vertically drilled wells, and newer\u00a0tight oil\u00a0production, primarily from horizontally drilled wells.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":381595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691835618,691818376,691822372,691835619,691827785,691835617],"class_list":{"0":"post-381552","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-bone-spring","9":"tag-natural-gas","10":"tag-oil-production","11":"tag-spraberry","12":"tag-the-permian-basin","13":"tag-the-wolfcamp","15":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0ChatGPT-Image-5.-Juni-2025-12_02_05.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1Bg4","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":433234,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=433234","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":0},"title":"Energy Dominance 2.0: Permian Basin Edition","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"22\/03\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"As noted in a previous post, the Permian Basin would rank 4th in the world in natural gas production, if US plays were ranked as nations. Well, a new EIA analysis of \u201ctight oil and shale gas production\u201d ranks the Permian Basin, behind only Saudi Arabia and Russia in crude\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"crude oil production\"","block_context":{"text":"crude oil production","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=crude-oil-production"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/0Screenshot-2026-03-22-182106.png?fit=1200%2C595&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/0Screenshot-2026-03-22-182106.png?fit=1200%2C595&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/0Screenshot-2026-03-22-182106.png?fit=1200%2C595&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/0Screenshot-2026-03-22-182106.png?fit=1200%2C595&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/0Screenshot-2026-03-22-182106.png?fit=1200%2C595&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":222243,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=222243","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":1},"title":"The Permian Basin: The gift that keeps on giving!","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/10\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The major plays of the Permian Basin are \u201cstacked.\u201d Finding stacked\u00a0pay\u00a0is like getting a pony for Christmas.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-212.png?fit=1110%2C840&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-212.png?fit=1110%2C840&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-212.png?fit=1110%2C840&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-212.png?fit=1110%2C840&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-212.png?fit=1110%2C840&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":207918,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=207918","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":2},"title":"The Administrative State Moves to Show Who\u2019s Boss on Energy Policy","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/07\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"From the MANHATTAN CONTRARIAN Francis Menton Last Thursday, June 30, the Supreme Court issued its decision in\u00a0West Virginia v. EPA, holding that, absent a further explicit statute from the Congress, the EPA did not have the authority to orchestrate its planned fundamental restructuring of the electric power generation sector of\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-63.png?fit=1024%2C512&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-63.png?fit=1024%2C512&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-63.png?fit=1024%2C512&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-63.png?fit=1024%2C512&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":312158,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=312158","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":3},"title":"USA Oil Production Sets World Record\u2026 Again","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"23\/03\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Despite the worst efforts of the incontinent temporary occupant of the White House\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Gulf of Mexico\"","block_context":{"text":"Gulf of Mexico","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=gulf-of-mexico"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0shutterstock_296278784-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0shutterstock_296278784-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0shutterstock_296278784-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0shutterstock_296278784-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0shutterstock_296278784-scaled-1.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":338456,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=338456","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":4},"title":"US oil giant abandons California after 150 years over \u2018harsh\u2019 green\u00a0policies","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/08\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"One of America\u2019s biggest oil companies is to abandon its headquarters in California amid a backlash against \u201charsh\u201d green policies. Chevron on Friday said it would relocate to Houston, Texas, breaking a historic association with the Golden State that stretches back to the 1870s.","rel":"","context":"In \"BP\"","block_context":{"text":"BP","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=bp"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00-1x-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00-1x-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00-1x-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00-1x-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00-1x-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":259160,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=259160","url_meta":{"origin":381552,"position":5},"title":"Haynesville Natural Gas Production Sets New Record\u2026 Again","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"26\/05\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Dry natural gas production\u00a0from the Haynesville\u00a0shale play\u00a0in northeastern Texas and northwestern Louisiana reached new highs in March 2023, averaging 14.5 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf\/d), 10% more than the 2022 annual average of 13.1 Bcf\/d, according to data from Enverus. Haynesville natural gas production currently accounts for about 14%\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"D\u00e9j\u00e0 vu\"","block_context":{"text":"D\u00e9j\u00e0 vu","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=deja-vu"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/01688871-Yogi-Berra-Quote-Deja-Vu-All-Over-Again.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/01688871-Yogi-Berra-Quote-Deja-Vu-All-Over-Again.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/01688871-Yogi-Berra-Quote-Deja-Vu-All-Over-Again.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/01688871-Yogi-Berra-Quote-Deja-Vu-All-Over-Again.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/01688871-Yogi-Berra-Quote-Deja-Vu-All-Over-Again.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=381552"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":381597,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381552\/revisions\/381597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/381595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=381552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=381552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=381552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}