{"id":378322,"date":"2025-05-14T16:51:30","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T14:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=378322"},"modified":"2025-05-14T16:51:31","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T14:51:31","slug":"european-blackout-update-yes-it-was-solar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=378322","title":{"rendered":"European Blackout Update (yes, it was solar)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"364446\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=364446\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?fit=1920%2C1357&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1357\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-364446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/electricity-blackouts\/european-blackout-update-yes-it-was-solar\/\">Master Resource<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>By Robert Bradley Jr.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cCould the reliability of the Iberian Peninsula grid be ensured by introducing new technical solutions? Technically, yes\u2014but economically, the feasibility is more challenging.\u201d ( \u2013 J.K. N\u00f8land, below)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jonas-kristiansen-n%C3%B8land-03207942\/\">Jonas Kristiansen N\u00f8land<\/a>, associate professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, has a verdict on the Iberian Peninsula blackout. His&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/posts\/jonas-kristiansen-n%C3%B8land-03207942_recent-evidence-indicates-that-europes-worst-activity-7327067157534523393-MVSd?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAAGV90kBtoxOIMAg-JwpHsSY2-j34xhgcC8\">take<\/a>&nbsp;follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent evidence indicates that Europe\u2019s worst blackout, occurring in the Iberian Peninsula, originated from an unstable power grid. This instability likely triggered the cascading chain of events that followed.<br><br>In the half-hour leading up to the blackout, two episodes of power and frequency oscillations were observed in the Continental European synchronous area. Grid operators took actions to mitigate these oscillations.<br><br>The likely root cause of these undamped \u201cinter-area oscillations\u201d was the inherently low inertia of the Spanish power grid at midday, with approximately 70% of generation provided by inverter-based solar and wind. Such renewable sources lack the spinning reserve needed to effectively resist frequency oscillations.<br><br>Due to these unstable grid conditions, exceptionally high rates of change of frequency (RoCoF) occurred, which became the final nail in the coffin. As a result, low-frequency load shedding (UFLS) were not able kick in to save the day.<br><br>The critical tipping point came with the first generation loss at 12:32:57, involving roughly 2.2 GW, likely from solar PV generation in southwest Spain\u2014a region dominated by solar power.<br><br>This generation loss, occurring under already unstable conditions (likely owing to overvoltages, which is the hypothesis of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ACoAABQJGW4BIMmt__Vgkja5PJQTU3JsqKUwDn4\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/luisbadesa\/\">Luis Badesa<\/a>) accelerated a rapid frequency collapse within the inertia-deficient system. Officials from Red El\u00e9ctrica (REE) noted a \u201cstrong oscillation\u201d precisely at this point, leading to protective disconnections cascading across the grid due to high RoCoF.<br><br>Could the reliability of the Iberian Peninsula grid be ensured by introducing new technical solutions? Technically, yes\u2014but economically, the feasibility is more challenging.<br><br>Notably, REE had already installed synchronous condensers and leveraged existing synchronous generation (nuclear, hydro, solar thermal) to bolster inertia and voltage stability. Unfortunately, these measures proved insufficient.<br><br>Nonetheless, deploying additional synchronous condensers or procuring fast frequency reserves (FFR) to provide virtual inertia through balancing markets significantly increases system costs.<br><br>Currently, FFR is typically procured only during short intervals of low inertia. Operating a consistently low-inertia grid would demand permanent, costly frequency support mechanisms, potentially making such a solution economically challenging.<br><br>Sources:<br>[1] \ud835\udc04\ud835\udc0d\ud835\udc13\ud835\udc12\ud835\udc0e-\ud835\udc04 \ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc31\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc2d \ud835\udc29\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc25:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dajvNZ3f\">https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dajvNZ3f<\/a><br>[2] \ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc04\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc26\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1a.\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c \ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc1e:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dmRHp5Zz\">https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dmRHp5Zz<\/a><br>[3] \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc21 \ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27 \ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2b-\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1a \ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc2c:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dCEVR549\">https:\/\/lnkd.in\/dCEVR549<\/a><br>[4] \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc21 \ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27 \ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc25 \ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1a \ud835\udc1f\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2b \ud835\udc20\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1d \ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc1b\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc32:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lnkd.in\/d8YXEumZ\">https:\/\/lnkd.in\/d8YXEumZ<\/a><br>[5] \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc21 \ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27 \ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc30\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc1b\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc1e-\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc21 \ud835\udc29\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc30\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2b \ud835\udc20\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc2c:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lnkd.in\/ghMYqhsq\">https:\/\/lnkd.in\/ghMYqhsq<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"1021\" data-attachment-id=\"378324\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=378324\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?fit=1280%2C1807&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1280,1807\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?fit=723%2C1021&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=723%2C1021&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-378324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=725%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 725w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=213%2C300&amp;ssl=1 213w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=768%2C1084&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=1088%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1088w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?resize=1200%2C1694&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-184.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recent evidence indicates that Europe\u2019s worst blackout, occurring in the Iberian Peninsula, originated from an unstable power grid. This instability likely triggered the cascading chain of events that followed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":364446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691835082,691818226,691835078,691835079,691835080,691835081,691818447],"class_list":{"0":"post-378322","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-strong-oscillation","9":"tag-blackout","10":"tag-iberian-peninsula-grid","11":"tag-jonas-kristiansen-noland","12":"tag-rates-of-change-of-frequency-rocof","13":"tag-red-electrica-ree","14":"tag-solar","16":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Blackouts-in-Bars-and-Restaurants.jpg?fit=1920%2C1357&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1ApY","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":380491,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=380491","url_meta":{"origin":378322,"position":0},"title":"Spain Boosts Natural Gas Capacity After Renewable Energy\u2019s Failure Led to Historic Blackout","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"28\/05\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Meanwhile, the Iron Law of Electricity prevailed in Portugal\u2019s recent election, as those who enjoy civilized living went to the polls and picked a \u201cfar-right\u201d candidate.","rel":"","context":"In \"combined-cycle gas turbines\"","block_context":{"text":"combined-cycle gas turbines","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=combined-cycle-gas-turbines"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Blackout.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Blackout.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Blackout.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Blackout.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":389499,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=389499","url_meta":{"origin":378322,"position":1},"title":"Kathryn Porter On The Spanish\u00a0Blackouts","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/07\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Kathryn Porter has a detailed analysis of the concise but informative\u00a0report\u00a0produced by Red El\u00e9ctrica de Espa\u00f1a (\u201cREE\u201d), the Spanish Transmission System Operator on the Spanish blackouts.","rel":"","context":"In \"Iberian grid\"","block_context":{"text":"Iberian grid","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=iberian-grid"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Apr.-2025-15_49_25.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Apr.-2025-15_49_25.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Apr.-2025-15_49_25.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Apr.-2025-15_49_25.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Apr.-2025-15_49_25.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":376870,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=376870","url_meta":{"origin":378322,"position":2},"title":"Solar Farms Failure Behind Spain Blackouts, Grid Operator Confirms \u2013 as Tony Blair Turns on Net Zero","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"30\/04\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"According to the\u00a0Telegraph\u00a0the Iberian Peninsula\u2019s catastrophic power outage on April 28th, 2025, was most likely down to failures at solar farms.","rel":"","context":"In \"Blackouts\"","block_context":{"text":"Blackouts","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=blackouts"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0Screenshot-2025-04-29-151843.jpeg?fit=1200%2C618&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0Screenshot-2025-04-29-151843.jpeg?fit=1200%2C618&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0Screenshot-2025-04-29-151843.jpeg?fit=1200%2C618&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0Screenshot-2025-04-29-151843.jpeg?fit=1200%2C618&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0Screenshot-2025-04-29-151843.jpeg?fit=1200%2C618&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":377975,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=377975","url_meta":{"origin":378322,"position":3},"title":"I\u2019m a power engineer. The Iberian grid collapse makes me very afraid for\u00a0Britain","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"12\/05\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The Telegraph has reported that even NESO are now warning about potential blackouts","rel":"","context":"In \"Blackout\"","block_context":{"text":"Blackout","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=blackout"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/00bigstock-Spain-Solar-And-Wind-Energy-R-308630041.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/00bigstock-Spain-Solar-And-Wind-Energy-R-308630041.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/00bigstock-Spain-Solar-And-Wind-Energy-R-308630041.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, 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