{"id":365515,"date":"2025-02-09T16:31:41","date_gmt":"2025-02-09T15:31:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=365515"},"modified":"2025-02-09T16:31:43","modified_gmt":"2025-02-09T15:31:43","slug":"exclusive-sensational-findings-point-to-hunga-tonga-eruption-as-prime-suspect-behind-recent-temperature-spike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=365515","title":{"rendered":"EXCLUSIVE: Sensational Findings Point to Hunga Tonga Eruption as Prime Suspect Behind Recent Temperature Spike"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"340\" data-attachment-id=\"365516\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=365516\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?fit=1765%2C831&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1765,831\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?fit=723%2C340&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=723%2C340&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-365516\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=1024%2C482&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=300%2C141&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=768%2C362&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=1536%2C723&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?resize=1200%2C565&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?w=1765&amp;ssl=1 1765w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/dailysceptic.org\/2025\/02\/08\/exclusive-sensational-findings-point-to-hunga-tonga-eruption-as-prime-suspect-behind-recent-temperature-spike\/#comments\">The Daily Sceptic<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dailysceptic.org\/author\/chris-morrison\/\">Chris Morrison<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In January 2022, a massive underwater volcano called Hunga Tonga suddenly erupted and shot so much water into the upper atmosphere that levels in the stratosphere rose suddenly by at least 10%. It was a genuine one in 100, even 200-year event and was reasonably expected to produce temporary weather changes around the globe. Sure enough, subsequent temperatures showed a 0.3-0.4\u00b0C upward spike. Needless to say, the Net Zero fanatics claimed the rise as their own and blamed it on humans controlling the climate by increasing the trace gas carbon dioxide. Today the\u00a0<em>Daily Sceptic<\/em>\u00a0can give wider publicity to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2024GL111500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sensational recent findings<\/a>\u00a0that suggest Hunga Tonga was the main culprit in producing the recent spike. The scientists directly link a dramatic cooling in the upper atmosphere of between 0.5-2\u00b0C to Hunga Tonga. It is generally held that there is an anti-correlation between the lower and upper atmosphere and cooling at the top produces warming at the bottom due to a number of complex atmospheric processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hunga Tonga was an unusual volcanic eruption since it produced few dust particulates that usually cool the surface. Two recent land-based eruptions, El Chichon and Pinatubo, caused a temporary downward spike of around 0.5\u00b0C. The team of Colorado-based scientists found that the Hunga Tonga cooling was \u201ccomparable in magnitude\u201d to the stratospheric warming caused by the two surface volcanoes in 1982 and 1991. The scientists reported \u201cgood agreement of observations with chemistry-climate model simulations\u201d. \u201cCooling is mainly due to Hunga Tonga H<sub>2<\/sub>O [water] impacts,\u201d they state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is dramatic stuff. It appears to promote Hunga Tonga as the prime cause in explaining the recent spike in temperatures. Indeed it could be concluded that the temperature rise should have been a little higher \u2013 and higher even still if the effects of a recent strong&nbsp;<em>El Ni\u00f1o<\/em>&nbsp;natural oscillation are included. Satellite observations, confirmed by computer analysis, shows stratospheric cooling of 0.5\u00b0C to 1\u00b0C in the middle and upper stratosphere during 2022 through middle 2023, followed&nbsp;by stronger reductions of 1\u00b0C to 2\u00b0C in the mesosphere after the middle of 2023, note the scientists. Last year, two distinguished atmospheric scientists observed the anti-correlation between the higher and lower atmosphere and suggested the lower stratosphere&nbsp;cooled by approximately two degrees per degree of warming nearer the surface. Where the troposphere has been anomalously warming, the lower stratosphere has been anomalously cooling \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2319228121\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">and vice versa<\/a>\u201d, note the scientists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Needless to say, there has been no mention in mainstream media of these interesting and important findings. In fact, mainstream media are in the last knocking of a scare that has done valiant service in the cause of pushing the Net Zero political agenda. There was something almost heroic about Mark Poynting\u2019s latest effort for the BBC titled \u2018Record January warmth puzzles climate scientists. The warming was said to be due to \u201cemissions of planet-heating gases from humans\u201d, but continued Poynting, scientists say they cannot fully explain \u201cwhy last month\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/articles\/cwyjk92w9k1o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">was particularly hot<\/a>\u201c. It might be suggested that they could stop relying on reanalysed computer model data and look at the accurate satellite temperature readings. As shown below, they give a different picture with the temperature anomaly dropping like a stone in the last three months.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"325\" data-attachment-id=\"365518\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=365518\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?fit=940%2C423&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"940,423\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?fit=723%2C325&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?resize=723%2C325&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-365518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?w=940&amp;ssl=1 940w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?resize=300%2C135&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-118.png?resize=768%2C346&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the BBC, in common with most mainstream media, does not do satellite data \u2013 some might say because the trends in those data do not fully align with Net Zero fear-mongering. For some inexplicable reason there is safety in numbers by relying on dodgy, urban heat corrupted surface measurements, pseudoscientific weather attribution guesses (another day, another once-in-a-hundred-year event) and garbage in, garbage out computer models. As regular readers know, during the Great American Free Speech Terror, Google AdSense demonetised the UAH operation in early 2022 on the grounds of publishing \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/dailysceptic.org\/2022\/02\/04\/this-is-the-satellite-temperature-graph-google-doesnt-want-you-to-see\/\">unreliable and harmful information<\/a>\u201d. Since then UAH has provided a guide to the recent temperature spike starting around 2023 as the widespread climate effects of Hunga Tonga seemed to kick in. Is the recent downturn, obvious to all except committed Net Zero fanatics, likely to last? Recent falls in sea and air temperatures suggest the figures are now on a sustained downward trend. While local area temperatures are not much of a guide to global trends.\u00a0 it is interesting to note that few commentators mentioned that last month in the UK was the fifth coldest January since the turn of the century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Curiously, there has been remarkably little scientific work published into the climatic effects of the Hunga Tonga eruption \u2013 one suspects due to a politically contrived shortage of funds for academics trying to investigate natural explanations of the anomalous trends. But there have been sceptical champions and one of those taking an interest in Hunga Tonga is Javier Vinos. Writing in Dr Judith Curry\u2019s blog, he observes that nothing even in alarmist models of the effect of recent small CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;annual increases on climate could have led us to expect such a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/judithcurry.com\/2024\/07\/05\/hunga-tonga-volcano-impact-on-record-warming\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">large abrupt warming<\/a>. \u201cThere is no study to suggest that the gradual increase in CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;could lead to a sudden increase in climate variability,\u201d he notes. Writing in July 2024, he identified the Hunga Tonga volcano as the \u201cprime suspect\u201d for the warming spell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"310\" data-attachment-id=\"365520\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=365520\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-119.png?fit=750%2C322&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"750,322\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-119.png?fit=723%2C310&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-119.png?resize=723%2C310&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-365520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-119.png?w=750&amp;ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-119.png?resize=300%2C129&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The image above shows that the extra water vapour from the eruption took about a year to blanket the northern hemisphere, an effect that can be seen with the dark green tones. \u201cThus, there are dynamical events in the stratosphere that have the appropriate time lag to coincide with the abrupt warming in 2023,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It hasn\u2019t stopped the Armageddonites promoting climate psychosis, of course. And there are few alarmists more alarming than Professor Andrew Dessler of the Texas A&amp;M University. Last July he tried to head off any Hunga Tonga warming malarky by stating that his research indicated the volcano eruption had actually&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/artsci.tamu.edu\/news\/2024\/07\/new-study-disputes-hunga-tonga-volcanos-role-in-2023-24-global-warm-up.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cooled the Earth<\/a>, \u201csimilar to other major volcanic events\u201d. By dismissing the volcanic eruption as a major factor in the recent warming, Dressler said he hoped his study would reinforce his point that \u201chuman-induced greenhouse gas emissions are the primary driver of climate change\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While it may still be possible to debate with some alarmists, such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gbnews.com\/news\/martin-daubney-climate-change-jim-dale-holiday-thailand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LBC Radio\u2019s favourite Jim Dale<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013 although after his recent call for climate deniers&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.express.co.uk\/news\/uk\/1899072\/man-made-climate-denier-criminals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">to be outlawed<\/a>&nbsp;there might be a small chance of a pre-emptive citizen\u2019s arrest \u2013 not so with Dessler, who told Joe Rogan in 2022 that there was no debate on the \u201cfact\u201d of climate change. \u201cMy feeling is that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/media\/climate-scientist-tells-joe-rogan-he-refuses-debate-dissenters-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">I won\u2019t debate the science<\/a>. So the science is set,\u201d he claimed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And you wonder where the BBC gets it ideas from. Onwards and upwards, like the Hunga Tonga water plume, we press on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Chris Morrison is the<\/em>&nbsp;Daily Sceptic<em>\u2019s<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Environment Editor.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In January 2022, a massive underwater volcano called Hunga Tonga suddenly erupted and shot so much water into the upper atmosphere that levels in the stratosphere rose suddenly by at least 10%. It was a genuine one in 100, even 200-year event and was reasonably expected to produce temporary weather changes around the globe. Sure enough, subsequent temperatures showed a 0.3-0.4\u00b0C upward spike. Needless to say, the Net Zero fanatics claimed the rise as their own and blamed it on humans controlling the climate by increasing the trace gas carbon dioxide. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":365516,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691819134,691819743,691820826,691818087,691821327,691828390,691818426,691820425,691818448],"class_list":["post-365515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-climate-alarmism","tag-climate-propaganda","tag-extreme-temperatures","tag-global-warming","tag-hunga-tonga-hunga-haapai","tag-jim-dale","tag-science","tag-temperature-record","tag-volcanoes","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/0Screenshot-2025-02-07-185254.png?fit=1765%2C831&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1x5p","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":269451,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=269451","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":0},"title":"The Tonga Underwater Volcano Eruption May Have Had a Larger Warming Effect Than Reported","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/25\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Initial scientific estimates were 50-million metric tons of water injected into the stratosphere by Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha\u2019apai submarine volcano.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0hunga-tonga-ha-apai-volcano-eruption-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0hunga-tonga-ha-apai-volcano-eruption-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0hunga-tonga-ha-apai-volcano-eruption-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0hunga-tonga-ha-apai-volcano-eruption-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0hunga-tonga-ha-apai-volcano-eruption-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":269225,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=269225","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":1},"title":"Ryan Maue on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha\u2019apai Submarine Volcano.","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/24\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"It\u2019s straightforward how to run a radiative transfer model to determine the impacts of adding 150M metric tons of water to the stratosphere. But, detailed climate model simulations are needed to disentangle the atmospheric circulation changes that lead to non-linear feedbacks. The climate is \u201cabnormal\u201d right now, aside from the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":274156,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=274156","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":2},"title":"Hunga Tonga &amp; Its Role In Rising Global\u00a0Temperatures","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/17\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The aerosol effect of Hunga Tonga would not have been as great as Pinatubo\u2019s, but it is still likely to have been significant. By definition then, the water vapour effect must be equally significant.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate Hysteria\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate Hysteria","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-hysteria"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/01092315223_0_369_2329_1679_1920x0_80_0_0_c51c18c0999e6a2c90dd74040b754dc0.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/01092315223_0_369_2329_1679_1920x0_80_0_0_c51c18c0999e6a2c90dd74040b754dc0.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/01092315223_0_369_2329_1679_1920x0_80_0_0_c51c18c0999e6a2c90dd74040b754dc0.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/01092315223_0_369_2329_1679_1920x0_80_0_0_c51c18c0999e6a2c90dd74040b754dc0.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/01092315223_0_369_2329_1679_1920x0_80_0_0_c51c18c0999e6a2c90dd74040b754dc0.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":284307,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284307","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":3},"title":"2022 Hunga Tonga underwater volcanic eruption injected 165 million tons of water vapor &amp; acidic gases into stratosphere &amp; affected the ozone layer","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/21\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"When the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha\u2019apai volcano\u00a0erupted\u00a0on Jan. 15, it sent a tsunami racing around the world and set off a sonic boom that circled the globe twice. The underwater eruption in the South Pacific Ocean also blasted an enormous plume of water vapor into Earth\u2019s stratosphere \u2013 enough to fill\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"acidic gases\"","block_context":{"text":"acidic gases","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=acidic-gases"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":313414,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=313414","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":4},"title":"Hunga Tonga Volcano is \u201cMost Likely\u201d Cause of Recent Warm Temperatures","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/27\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The climate events of 2022-24 have been \u201ctruly extraordinary\u201d, notes Dr. Javier Vin\u00f3s writing in Dr. Judith Curry\u2019s\u00a0online blog. The rare convergence of a number of events \u201cthat may not be repeated for hundreds or even thousands of years\u201d represents a \u201cunique learning opportunity\u201d for climatologists.","rel":"","context":"In \"climate alarmism\"","block_context":{"text":"climate alarmism","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-alarmism"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0121222_cg_-tonga-hunga-volcano_feat.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":272340,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=272340","url_meta":{"origin":365515,"position":5},"title":"Hunga-Tonga Mysteries","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"08\/09\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"A year of cooling after Hunga-Tonga, then warming \u2026 say what?","rel":"","context":"In \"climate \u201creanalysis\u201d model\"","block_context":{"text":"climate \u201creanalysis\u201d model","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-reanalysis-model"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0La-erupcion-del-volcan-submarino-Hunga-Tonga-se-sintio-en-todo-el-mundo.jpg?fit=1200%2C942&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0La-erupcion-del-volcan-submarino-Hunga-Tonga-se-sintio-en-todo-el-mundo.jpg?fit=1200%2C942&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0La-erupcion-del-volcan-submarino-Hunga-Tonga-se-sintio-en-todo-el-mundo.jpg?fit=1200%2C942&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0La-erupcion-del-volcan-submarino-Hunga-Tonga-se-sintio-en-todo-el-mundo.jpg?fit=1200%2C942&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0La-erupcion-del-volcan-submarino-Hunga-Tonga-se-sintio-en-todo-el-mundo.jpg?fit=1200%2C942&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=365515"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365515\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":365522,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365515\/revisions\/365522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/365516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=365515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=365515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=365515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}