{"id":360757,"date":"2025-01-06T17:47:43","date_gmt":"2025-01-06T16:47:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=360757"},"modified":"2025-01-06T17:55:55","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T16:55:55","slug":"mystery-volcano-that-lowered-global-temperatures-nearly-2-degrees-fahrenheit-in-1831-identified","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=360757","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Mystery Volcano\u2019 that Lowered Global Temperatures Nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit in 1831 Identified"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meanwhile \u201cGreat Rift\u201d volcano in Ethiopia erupts after seismic swarm, leading to evacuations.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

From Legal Insurrection<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posted by Leslie Eastman<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Whenever I write about climate change, I often note that volcanoes can have significant impacts on the global climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A new example has been recently revealed, as a \u2018mystery volcano\u2019 that erupted in 1831 and significantly cooled Earth\u2019s climate has finally been identified as Zavaritskii on Simushir Island, part of the Kuril Islands archipelago between Russia and Japan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This eruption was one of the most powerful of the 19th century, releasing an enormous amount of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. The Earth-caused emissions resulted in a decrease of approximately one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit) in the annual average temperatures of the Northern Hemisphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The challenge in locating the volcano was due to its remote location<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

While the year of this historic eruption was known, the volcano\u2019s location was not. Researchers recently solved that puzzle by sampling ice cores in Greenland, peering back in time through the cores\u2019 layers to examine sulfur isotopes, grains of ash and tiny volcanic glass shards deposited between 1831 and 1834.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using geochemistry, radioactive dating and computer modeling to map particles\u2019 trajectories, the scientists linked the 1831 eruption to an island volcano in the northwest Pacific Ocean, they reported Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

..Before the scientists\u2019 findings, Zavaritskii\u2019s last known eruption was in 800 BC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cFor many of Earth\u2019s volcanoes, particularly those in remote areas, we have a very poor understanding of their eruptive history,\u201d said lead study author Dr. William Hutchison, a principal research fellow in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cZavaritskii is located on an extremely remote island between Japan and Russia. No one lives there and historical records are limited to a handful of diaries from ships that passed these islands every few years,\u201d Hutchison told CNN in an email.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

To find the volcano, researchers compared the chemistry of microscopic shards of ash extracted from ice cores drilled in Greenland with samples from the Zavaritskii caldera. They determined it was a perfect match<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cFinding the match took a long time and required extensive collaboration with colleagues from Japan and Russia, who sent us samples collected from these remote volcanoes decades ago,\u201d Hutchison says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe moment in the lab when we analyzed the two ashes together, one from the volcano and one from the ice core, was a genuine eureka moment. I couldn\u2019t believe the numbers were identical. After this, I spent a lot of time delving into the age and size of the eruption in Kuril records to truly convince myself that the match was real.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Meanwhile, recent volcanic activity at Mount Dofan in Ethiopia<\/a> has caused significant concern and prompted evacuations in the surrounding area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Hundreds of people in a rural part of Ethiopia, 165km (100 miles) north-east of the capital, Addis Ababa, have been leaving their homes in panic as a nearby volcano has been showing signs of a possible eruption, a local chief told the BBC\u2019s Afaan Oromoo service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The smoke coming from Mount Dofan that began around 17:00 local time (14:00 GMT) on Thursday \u201chas a fiery plume and it\u2019s very high,\u201d Sultan Kemil said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In a video posted by the Ethiopian Geological Institute on its Facebook page steam and debris can be seen shooting out from the mountain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In recent weeks, there have been more than a dozen seismic events around Awash Fentale \u2013 an earthquake-prone area of Ethiopia\u2019s Afar region.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The seismic activity is part of the ongoing geological processes in the Great Rift Valley<\/a>, where new oceanic crust is being generated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Personally, I am looking forward to seeing how eco-activists connect the rifting to SUVs.<\/p>\n\n\n

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https:\/\/x.com\/volcaholic1\/status\/1875253283654382007<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Meanwhile \u201cGreat Rift\u201d volcano in Ethiopia erupts after seismic swarm, leading to evacuations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":360763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818056,691824528,691832472,691819909,691818448],"class_list":["post-360757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-climate-change","tag-ice-cores","tag-mount-dofan-in-ethiopia","tag-sulfur-dioxide","tag-volcanoes"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1vQF","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":472070,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=472070","url_meta":{"origin":360757,"position":0},"title":"Hidden Fire Beneath the Ice: How Subglacial Volcanoes Are Reshaping Antarctica\u2019s Frozen Giant","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/18\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Antarctica hosts numerous volcanoes, many of them hidden beneath the ice sheet, primarily associated with the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS), a major zone of crustal extension comparable in scale to the East African Rift. Antarctic Peninsula volcanism spans more than 200 million years and reflects a complex tectonic evolution\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"138 volcanoes in West Antarctica\"","block_context":{"text":"138 volcanoes in West Antarctica","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=138-volcanoes-in-west-antarctica"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-Hidden-Fire-Beneath-the-Ice-How-Subglacial-Volcanoes-Are-Reshaping-Antarcticas-Frozen-Giant.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":470866,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=470866","url_meta":{"origin":360757,"position":1},"title":"Sinabung Awakens: Indonesia\u2019s Volcano Erupts After 5 Years of Quiet, Raising Alert to Level 3","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"09\/14\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Mount Sinabung\u2019s return to activity after roughly five years of relative quiet fits a pattern the volcano has shown before, where periods of dormancy are followed by eruptive phases that can stretch on for months or longer rather than resolving in a single event. 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It represents a divergent tectonic plate boundary where the African Plate is slowly splitting into the Nubian Plate (west) and the Somali Plate (east), with additional microplates involved (e.g., Victoria,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"22\u201325 million years ago (Miocene)\"","block_context":{"text":"22\u201325 million years ago (Miocene)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=22-25-million-years-ago-miocene"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Mantle-Helium-Reveals-a-New-Tectonic-Rift-Awakening-in-Southern-Africa.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Mantle-Helium-Reveals-a-New-Tectonic-Rift-Awakening-in-Southern-Africa.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Mantle-Helium-Reveals-a-New-Tectonic-Rift-Awakening-in-Southern-Africa.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Mantle-Helium-Reveals-a-New-Tectonic-Rift-Awakening-in-Southern-Africa.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Mantle-Helium-Reveals-a-New-Tectonic-Rift-Awakening-in-Southern-Africa.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":442561,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=442561","url_meta":{"origin":360757,"position":5},"title":"Kikai Caldera Refilling: Fresh Melt Re-Injecting into Giant Magma Reservoir 7,300 Years After Massive Eruption","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/04\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"A March 2026 study by Kobe University researchers (published in Communications Earth & Environment) confirms that a large magma reservoir beneath Japan's Kikai Caldera is refilling with new magma.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/0-Kikai-Caldera-Refilling-Fresh-Melt-Re-Injecting-into-Giant-Magma-Reservoir-7300-Years-After-Massive-Eruption.jpg?fit=1168%2C784&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0IMG_9914.jpg?fit=1400%2C900&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=360757"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":360765,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360757\/revisions\/360765"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/360763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=360757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=360757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=360757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}