{"id":342975,"date":"2024-09-14T10:27:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-14T08:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=342975"},"modified":"2024-09-14T10:27:54","modified_gmt":"2024-09-14T08:27:54","slug":"stealing-the-future-with-green-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=342975","title":{"rendered":"Stealing the Future with Green Steel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Vijay Jayaraj<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Steel is essential in modern society, providing us with homes, factories, bridges, vehicles and all manner of other machines and infrastructure. Since 2001, global crude steel production has doubled and the demand will continue to rise<\/a> in the coming decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the climate obsessed\u2019s rush to \u201cdecarbonize\u201d heavy industry, hydrogen-based steel manufacturing is being touted as a \u201cclean\u201d alternative to the traditional coal-based process for steelmaking. With seemingly little thought being applied, policymakers, environmentalists, and some industry leaders are promoting hydrogen-fueled manufacturing with an enthusiasm once reserved for solar panels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, a shift towards hydrogen steelmaking risks undoing a century of progress in efficient production. The high costs, technological challenges, and limited scalability of hydrogen-based processes are guaranteed to render it less viable than steelmaking relying on coal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Evolution of Steelmaking Efficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The steel industry has been a cornerstone of industrial development, and its evolution is a testament to human ingenuity and technological advancement. In the early 20th century, the introduction of the basic oxygen furnace revolutionized steel production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the decades, continuous improvements in blast furnace technology, process control and energy recovery have led to significant gains in productivity and energy efficiency. China continues to dominate in production capacity and exports, with industry giants like Baowu Group at the forefront. Other significant steel producers include Japan\u2019s Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp., India\u2019s Tata Steel, South Korea\u2019s POSCO and Europe\u2019s ArcelorMittal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today\u2019s integrated steel mills are marvels of engineering, capable of producing millions of tons annually with remarkable efficiency. The best-performing blast furnaces can achieve energy efficiencies of up to 70%, a figure that seemed unattainable just a few decades ago. The risk of abandoning this tried-and-true method for a relatively untested hydrogen-based process cannot be overstated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Perils of Hydrogen Steelmaking<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hydrogen-based steel production, particularly the direct reduced iron process using hydrogen, is presented as a solution to climate change. But the production of so-called green hydrogen, which is produced with \u201crenewable\u201d energy, can cost twice as much<\/a> as coal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conservative estimates suggest that hydrogen-based steel production could be 20-30% more costly than traditional methods. This cost differential is not trivial in an industry with tight margins and intense global competition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The increased costs would ripple through the economy, affecting construction, automotive manufacturing, and countless other industries that rely on affordable steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rystad Energy<\/em> says<\/a> \u201cgreen\u201d steel can be made competitive only by imposing heavy taxes on coal-based steel or by allocating huge subsidies to steel makers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moreover, hydrogen made through electrolysis is energy intensive. To produce enough to meet the steel industry\u2019s needs would require a massive expansion of renewable energy capacity, far beyond current projections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While pilot green hydrogen projects exist, it has not been proven at industrial scales. In contrast, one of the most significant advantages of coal-based steelmaking is its ability to operate at massive scales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modern blast furnaces can produce up to 400 tons of steel per hour, operating continuously for years between major maintenance periods. This scale of production is crucial for meeting global steel demand, which stood at 1.95 billion tons in 2021 and is projected to grow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coal\u2019s abundance and established supply chains make possible this sustained level of production. Capable of supplying the steel sector with the approximately one billion tons of coal annually, the industry\u2019s infrastructure for mining, transporting and utilizing coal in steelmaking has been developed and refined over more than a century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the other hand, hydrogen-based steelmaking is one more absurd proposal of those fearmongering about global warming that would have virtually no effect on Earth\u2019s temperature but would slow the economic growth and infrastructure development of our modern world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This commentary was first published at RealClearMarkets<\/em><\/a> on August 23, 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vijay Jayaraj<\/em><\/a> is a Research and Science Associate at the <\/em>CO2 Coalition<\/em><\/a>, Arlington, Virginia. He holds a master\u2019s degree in environmental sciences from the University of East Anglia, U.K., and a postgraduate degree in energy management from Robert Gordon University, U.K.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Steel is essential in modern society, providing us with homes, factories, bridges, vehicles and all manner of other machines and infrastructure. Since 2001, global crude steel production has doubled and the demand will continue to rise in the coming decades.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":342977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691819248,691820586,691826479,691830587],"class_list":{"0":"post-342975","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-decarbonize","9":"tag-green-steel","10":"tag-heavy-industry","11":"tag-hydrogen-based-steel","13":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/00x0.webp?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1rdR","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":208267,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=208267","url_meta":{"origin":342975,"position":0},"title":"America\u2019s dependency on imports may be stagnating its economy","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"12\/07\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance money \/ United States raised taxes on imports of goods from China on industry container ship in export and import logistics background Shortages of the following may be leading to the new norm of shortages and inflation: Neon -the gas\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=909%2C527&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=909%2C527&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=909%2C527&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=909%2C527&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":233553,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=233553","url_meta":{"origin":342975,"position":1},"title":"Germany’s fourth-largest steel producer is threatened with extinction","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"12\/12\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"12 percent of German crude steel is produced here. 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