{"id":340750,"date":"2024-08-26T16:11:48","date_gmt":"2024-08-26T14:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=340750"},"modified":"2024-08-26T16:11:51","modified_gmt":"2024-08-26T14:11:51","slug":"the-atlantic-is-cooling-at-a-mysteriously-fast-rate-after-record-warmth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=340750","title":{"rendered":"The Atlantic Is Cooling at a Mysteriously Fast Rate After Record\u00a0Warmth"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"365\" data-attachment-id=\"340757\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=340757\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?fit=4272%2C2157&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"4272,2157\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?fit=723%2C365&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422-1024x517.jpg?resize=723%2C365&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-340757\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=1024%2C517&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=300%2C151&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=768%2C388&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=1536%2C776&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=2048%2C1034&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?resize=1200%2C606&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422.jpg?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/notalotofpeopleknowthat.wordpress.com\/2024\/08\/25\/the-atlantic-is-cooling-at-a-mysteriously-fast-rate-after-record-warmth\/\">NOT A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW THAT <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By Paul Homewood<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"210\" data-attachment-id=\"340759\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=340759\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?fit=1024%2C298&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,298\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"00image-91\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?fit=723%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?resize=723%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-340759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?resize=300%2C87&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/00image-91.png?resize=768%2C224&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>For over a year, surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean hit new highs, but that trend has reversed at record speed over the past few months, and nobody knows why.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>In June, temperatures in the Atlantic were 2 to 5 degrees Fahrenheit (1 to 3 degrees Celsius) hotter than normal in much of the ocean, with some areas getting as much as 9 degrees F (5 degrees C) warmer than average. Those temperatures weren\u2019t a one-off, as the Atlantic had regularly seen record-breaking levels since March 2023. That year marked the&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/gizmodo.com\/2022-hottest-ocean-temperatures-record-climate-change-1849974335\"><em>fourth in a row<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;that the world\u2019s oceans set new heat records.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The hot water was partially a result of human-caused climate change, but it was also due to a particularly strong El Ni\u00f1o in 2023 and 2024. But that system appears to have passed, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>NOAA&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/event-tracker\/atlantic-nina-verge-developing-heres-why-we-should-pay-attention\"><em>data<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;shows Atlantic sea surface temperatures have cooled at a surprising rate since May. Since June began, temperatures have been a degree or two Fahrenheit colder than normal for this time of year. That means El Ni\u00f1o will likely be replaced by its counterpart, La Ni\u00f1a, a weather&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/event-tracker\/atlantic-nina-verge-developing-heres-why-we-should-pay-attention\"><em>system<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;that allows cold water to rise to the surface of the Atlantic, some time between September and November. Both El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a are complex systems driven by trade winds, solar heating, and rainfall in the tropic regions, and can be difficult to predict. Still, the sudden shift in Atlantic temperatures has been puzzling, and nobody seems to know why it\u2019s happened so quickly.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cWe\u2019ve gone through the list of possible mechanisms, and nothing checks the box so far,\u201d Frans Philip Tuchen, a postdoctoral student at the University of Miami, told&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2444394-the-atlantic-is-cooling-at-record-speed-and-nobody-knows-why\/\"><em>New Scientist<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gizmodo.com\/the-atlantic-is-cooling-at-a-mysteriously-fast-rate-after-record-warmth-2000488967\">https:\/\/gizmodo.com\/the-atlantic-is-cooling-at-a-mysteriously-fast-rate-after-record-warmth-2000488967<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So they do not have a clue why the Atlantic has suddenly got colder, but they think they know that global warming made it hotter in the first place, even though there is no physical for the claim that a slightly warmer atmosphere can make any measurable difference to ocean temperatures!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They also get their knickers in a complete twist stating that El Ninos in the Pacific raise SSTs in the Atlantic!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The inability to explain what has happened underlines how little scientists really do know about the way our oceans work. And it is these oceanic cycles which are at the heart of long term global climate cycles, because of the immense thermal capacity they store.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We know little, but we do know that large and sudden temperature shifts have occurred in the Atlantic in the past, as seen in the AMO:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"316\" data-attachment-id=\"340753\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=340753\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?fit=1024%2C448&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,448\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?fit=723%2C316&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?resize=723%2C316&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-340753\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?resize=300%2C131&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-577.png?resize=768%2C336&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/climexp.knmi.nl\/getindices.cgi?WMO=UKMOData\/amo_hadsst&amp;STATION=AMO_hadsst&amp;TYPE=i&amp;id=someone@somewhere\">https:\/\/climexp.knmi.nl\/getindices.cgi?WMO=UKMOData\/amo_hadsst&amp;STATION=AMO_hadsst&amp;TYPE=i&amp;id=someone@somewhere<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This latest cooling episode, along with the preceding warming one, is merely just a part of that long term pattern.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So they do not have a clue why the Atlantic has suddenly got colder, but they think they know that global warming made it hotter in the first place, even though there is no physical for the claim that a slightly warmer atmosphere can make any measurable difference to ocean temperatures!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":340758,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821431,691823273,691818087,691818899],"class_list":{"0":"post-340750","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-atlantic-ocean","9":"tag-cooling","10":"tag-global-warming","11":"tag-noaa-data","13":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/0H66M7P-1-e1559894595422-1.jpg?fit=4272%2C2157&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1qDY","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":262345,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=262345","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":0},"title":"Anomalous Oceanic Anomalies","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"16\/06\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"After an unusual three years in a row of La Nina (cool) ocean temperatures, alarmists are all in a lather about the sea temperatures as we approach El Nino conditions.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0-Sunset-ocean.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0-Sunset-ocean.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0-Sunset-ocean.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0-Sunset-ocean.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/0-Sunset-ocean.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":243594,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=243594","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":1},"title":"WHY COOKING WITH GAS WONT MELT ARCTIC SEA ICE or How Temperature Anomaly Graphs Obscure Important Climate Dynamics","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/02\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Today I want to demonstrate how the focus on temperature anomalies severely misleads the public about the natural dynamics of climate change","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-287.png?fit=1200%2C755&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-287.png?fit=1200%2C755&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-287.png?fit=1200%2C755&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-287.png?fit=1200%2C755&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-287.png?fit=1200%2C755&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":385186,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=385186","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":2},"title":"Arctic Warming Will Lead To Arctic Cooling, Recent Study Suggests","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"26\/06\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"A\u00a0recent paper explains\u00a0how a weaker Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) could actually reduce Arctic warming by the end of the century\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Arctic\"","block_context":{"text":"Arctic","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=arctic"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-574.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-574.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-574.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-574.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":297858,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=297858","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":3},"title":"How Bogus Arctic Warming Attribution Enabled the Climate Crisis Scam","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"22\/01\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Abnormal warming over the Arctic Ocean and Arctic sea ice loss has been falsely blamed on rising CO2 and evidence of the climate crisis. Such alarmist graphic propaganda is common, like Yale 360\u2019s emphasizing the Arctic Ocean\u2019s warming of several degrees in November 2022, while ignoring the cooling over North\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Arctic sea ice\"","block_context":{"text":"Arctic sea ice","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=arctic-sea-ice"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/07272823122_607f9e4b5c_o.jpg?fit=1200%2C767&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/07272823122_607f9e4b5c_o.jpg?fit=1200%2C767&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/07272823122_607f9e4b5c_o.jpg?fit=1200%2C767&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/07272823122_607f9e4b5c_o.jpg?fit=1200%2C767&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/07272823122_607f9e4b5c_o.jpg?fit=1200%2C767&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":413772,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=413772","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":4},"title":"The Cooling Also Not Our Fault\u00a02025","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/11\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"From Science Matters By\u00a0Ron Clutz With the lack of global warming and the steep decline of SSTs the last 2 years, climatists are pivoting to the notion invented by the infamous M. Mann, AKA Mr. Hockey Stick (aiming to erase the Medieval warming period).\u00a0 The reasoning is convoluted, as you\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC)\"","block_context":{"text":"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=atlantic-meridional-overturning-circulation-amoc"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0Screenshot-2025-11-17-094353.png?fit=1200%2C729&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":286752,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=286752","url_meta":{"origin":340750,"position":5},"title":"Solving the Climate Puzzle: The Sun\u2019s Surprising Role","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/11\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Climate change is the most important scientific issue of our time, catalyzing a profound societal shift based on our perceived understanding of it. While many books explain what we already know about climate change, this book explores what we admit we do not understand about it (the known unknowns). 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