{"id":336811,"date":"2024-07-18T07:24:47","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T05:24:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=336811"},"modified":"2024-07-18T07:24:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T05:24:50","slug":"storyline-attribution-just-so-stories-about-weather-events","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=336811","title":{"rendered":"Storyline Attribution:\u00a0 \u201cJust so\u2026\u201d stories about Weather Events"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"419\" data-attachment-id=\"336815\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=336815\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?fit=2520%2C1460&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2520,1460\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?fit=723%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=723%2C419&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-336815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=1024%2C593&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=300%2C174&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=768%2C445&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=1536%2C890&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=2048%2C1187&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?resize=1200%2C695&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/428cb5e678da63e8f316391bc0d6116d-2.jpg?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2024\/07\/16\/storyline-attribution-just-so-stories-about-weather-events\/\">Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Opinion by <a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/author\/kiphansen2\/\">Kip Hansen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the last decade or so, there has been an increasing effort to tie every strong or unusual weather event, no matter how local, to Global Climate Change.&nbsp;&nbsp; This need arose from the inability of the IPCC and its thousands of contributors to actually find, \u201cdetect\u201d is the word they use, the negative effects of Climate Change in the real world, despite over 40 years of endless dire predictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You may have seen this before, but I offer it as evidence of the above:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"720\" data-attachment-id=\"336813\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=336813\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-439.png?fit=554%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"554,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-439.png?fit=554%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-439.png?resize=554%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-336813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-439.png?w=554&amp;ssl=1 554w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-439.png?resize=231%2C300&amp;ssl=1 231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A few notes about AR6 WG1 Chapter 12 Table 12.12:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.&nbsp; ONLY the middle column represents real information:&nbsp; \u201cAlready Emerged In Historical Period\u201d.&nbsp; This means that the IPCC has failed to even to&nbsp;<strong><em>detect<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;increases\/decreases in all the other&nbsp;<em>Climate Impact Drivers&nbsp;<\/em>(see definition at end of essay) which have white boxes in that column.&nbsp; You must ignore the &nbsp;\u201cEmerging by\u2026.\u201d Columns \u2013 both are shown as \u201cat Least for RCP8.5\/SSP5-8.5\u201d which is considered by many the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/rogerpielkejr.substack.com\/p\/thou-shalt-use-rcp85\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">now-impossible climate scenario<\/a>. (and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0360544217314597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.&nbsp; The darker colors in the Already Emerged &nbsp;column indicate that the climate-impact driver has been detected with high confidence \u2013 but any numeral in the box is a caveat as to in what regions.&nbsp; For instance, \u201cCold Spell\u201d has been detected only in \u201cAustralia, Africa and most of Northern South America\u201d.&nbsp; Decreases in \u201cLake, river and sea ice\u201d has been detected only for Arctic sea ice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. &nbsp;It is interesting to read the list of things (white boxes across all three columns) &nbsp;that are&nbsp;<strong><em>still not expected<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;to be found even in&nbsp;<strong>2100 RCP8.5 dystopia-land<\/strong>.&nbsp; &nbsp;The majority of Climate-impact Drivers (19 out of 33) are not predicted to \u201cemerge\u201d by 2100 even under RCP8.5.&nbsp; And yet, almost every day, there is a media story telling us that it is already happening and has been \u201ccaused by climate changed\u201d or \u201cintensified or made worse &nbsp;by climate change\u201d contrary to the IPCC\u2019s AR6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, today I ask:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Question:<\/u><\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u201cWhy do we read that it has been determined by scientists that [some weather event] &nbsp;was caused or made&nbsp;<em>XX% worse&nbsp;<\/em>by climate change?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Answer:<\/u><\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Storyline Attribution.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And what might that be, you may ask?&nbsp; &nbsp;Well, it is my opinion that Storyline Attribution is simply a \u201c<em>Just So\u2026\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;story about the weather used by the climate gang to tie every weather story to global climate change somehow, anyhow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/just-so%20story\"><strong>Just-so story<\/strong><\/a><\/em>&nbsp;\u2014&nbsp;<em>\u201ca speculative story or explanation of doubtful or unprovable validity that is put forward to account for the origin of something \u2026 when no verifiable explanation is known\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pielke Jr. wrote last week, in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/rogerpielkejr.substack.com\/p\/schrodingers-climate-cat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Climate fueled extreme weather, Part 2<\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201c<\/em><em>The last decade has seen the rise of what is called storyline attribution, which now dominates discussion of every extreme weather event.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>A storyline provides a putative causal explanation for the incidence of a particular extreme event that just happened and explains why the event was worse than it otherwise would have been, absent the human influence.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/07\/01\/weather\/hurricane-beryl-size.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">For example<\/a>, from just last week:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Oceans have been warming due to human influences, notably increases in greenhouse gases and a reduction in aerosols;<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Warmer oceans are associated with stronger hurricanes;<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Hurricane Beryl was an unusually strong hurricane for July;<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Therefore, Hurricane Beryl is an example of how climate change results in an increasing number of strong hurricanes.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The recent flood? More moisture available. That drought? Less moisture available. A flood somewhere and a drought somewhere else? Wavy jet stream. Duh. Just connect the dots.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>A seemingly plausible-sounding storyline for every event is easy to create. I say seemingly because the storyline approach is free to discount parts of the story that don\u2019t advance the narrative, to change the story event by event, and to ignore events that didn\u2019t happen or did not become extreme.&nbsp;<strong>A storyline is a story<\/strong>, not science.<\/em><em>\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What kind of a story? A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Just_So_Stories\">J<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Just_So_Stories\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">u<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Just_So_Stories\">st So\u2026story<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/just-so%20story\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Specifically:&nbsp;<\/a>&nbsp;\u201c<\/strong>a&nbsp;<em>speculative story<\/em>&nbsp;or explanation of&nbsp;<em>doubtful or unprovable validity<\/em>&nbsp;that is put forward to account for the origin of something (such as a biological trait)&nbsp;<em>when no verifiable explanation is known<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In these cases, &nbsp;a&nbsp;<em>Just So Story<\/em>&nbsp;about the origins, the cause, the probability of a specific weather event, mild or extreme.&nbsp; &nbsp;In the quote from Pielke Jr. above, the four bullet points, in order, make up the storyline attribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now, to be fair, there is allegedly a&nbsp;<em>scientific version<\/em>&nbsp;of storyline attribution.&nbsp; It is detailed in a report for the U.S. Congress titled&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/R\/R47583\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201c<strong>Is That Climate Change? The Science of Extreme Event Attribution\u201d<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;[.pdf].&nbsp; Here is what they say:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201c<\/em><strong>Storyline Attribution Analysis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Research using storyline attribution is an analysis of causes:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>It [the Storyline Approach] is a framing based on analysis of physical processes and is similar to an accident investigation\u2026. The causal chain of factors leading to the event is first identified, and the role of each factor is assessed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Researchers analyze atmospheric circulation and meteorological patterns using models and observational data to try to establish the factors that contributed to the event. This analysis includes determining linkages among factors. For example, a circulation pattern may contribute to extreme precipitation in a study area, and the increased water vapor in the air carried by the circulation may be linked to an area of increased sea surface temperature.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The next step is to estimate anthropogenic climate influence on the causes linked to the event\u2014 for example, the extent to which human influence may have affected sea surface temperatures, temperatures that, in turn, contributed to increased precipitation in an extreme event. An attribution statement can then be made about the degree of human influence on the causes of the event.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How does this play out in the real world, with real world example of this \u201cscientific\u201d &nbsp;Storyline Attribution?&nbsp; &nbsp;The Congressional Research Service supplies an example a storyline (which fails to find human influence):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cResearchers studying the record-setting 2011 drought\/heat wave in Texas used a combination of observational data and climate model simulations to examine specific factors that may have influenced the magnitude of the event. The researchers found that the \u201cprincipal physical process\u201d contributing to the drought\/heat wave was the extreme and continuing lack of rainfall in the previous winter and spring. This rainfall deficit was in turn linked to changes in sea surface temperatures. As the associated sea surface temperatures were within the range of natural variability, the researchers did not find evidence of human influence in their analysis of this extreme event.\u201d [<\/em>Oops\u2026-kh<em>]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[The analysis referred to in the above paragraph is&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/view\/journals\/clim\/26\/9\/jcli-d-12-00270.1.xml?tab_body=fulltext-display\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M. Hoerling et al., \u201cAnatomy of an Extreme Event,\u201d Journal of Climate, vol. 26, no. 9 (2013)<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/em>Hoerling is a full analysis, and&nbsp;<em>not just a storyline attribution<\/em>.&nbsp; It is what a proper attribution study should be, but not what is presented to the media by weather attribution groups today.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typical storyline attribution presented to the media, as Pileke Jr. points out, is something more like this in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/12072024\/hurricane-beryl-warning-shot-for-houston\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a piece from the Climate Crisis Propaganada outfit, Inside Climate News<\/a>&nbsp;regarding Hurricane Beryl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cHurricanes are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10062023\/how-are-hurricanes-connected-to-climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">expected to intensify<\/a>, he [<a href=\"https:\/\/globalchange.mit.edu\/about-us\/personnel\/emanuel-kerry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kerry Emanuel<\/a>] said, as greenhouse gas emissions warm the atmosphere and ocean, supercharging evaporation and heat transfer in a warmer atmosphere that already holds more moisture.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cA demonstrable greenhouse gas effect is the proportion of hurricanes that turn out cat 3 or 4,\u201d Emanuel said.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>When Hurricane Beryl formed in the Atlantic in early July, hundreds of miles from the Texas coast, it reached category 4 status\u2013the earliest category 4 storm on record. Record warm temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean this year have led to predictions of a highly active hurricane season.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the storyline attribution the public sees and hears on a daily basis, there simply is not any scientific analysis at all, just a storyline\u2026just a story\u2026a Just So story.&nbsp; &nbsp;[see real hurricane data&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/climatediscussionnexus.com\/2022\/06\/08\/pielke-jr-on-hurricanes\/\">detailed, for instance, here<\/a>.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And the root of all good propaganda is a good believable story \u2013 believable because it is built around a little nugget of truth.&nbsp; You can count those little nuggets in the storyline above:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.&nbsp; \u201cHurricanes are expected to intensify\u201d \u2013 a meme of &nbsp;climate crisis prediction, so, yes, \u201cexpected\u201d by them<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.&nbsp; The ubiquitous, \u201c<em>warmer atmosphere \u2026 holds more moisture.\u201d&nbsp;<\/em>A trivially true scientific fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. &nbsp;A fact \u201cearliest Cat 4 storm in record\u201d [this is as \u201cas far as we know\u2026\u201d-type fact] and tied to predictions of a highly active hurricane season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The actual event is Hurricane Beryl, a Cat 1 hurricane coming ashore at Houston, Texas. &nbsp;&nbsp;<strong><em>The storyline paints<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;the event as \u201cintensified\u201d by warmer air\/warmer sea water and part of an [non-existent] increasing proportion of Cat 3 and 4 hurricanes caused by greenhouse gases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And thus it was, they say,&nbsp;<strong><em>Just So<\/em><\/strong>\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong># # # # #<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Author\u2019s Comment:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Storyline Attribution of weather events is ubiquitous in the news stream: even your sports-crazed neighbor can tell you why we have \u201call this crazy weather\u201d.&nbsp; He hears it every night on the weather news \u2013 cute little easy-to-remember \u201c<em>Just so<\/em>\u201d stories explaining it all to him, devoid of any science whatever.&nbsp; The same type of storylines are taught to your children everyday in their schools\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Storylines,&nbsp;<em>Just So<\/em>&nbsp;storylines, are very common in science today. Biology is full of them, theoretical physics too. The soft-sciences may be&nbsp;<em>nothing but<\/em>&nbsp;just-so storylines. Feel free to suggest examples\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thanks for reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"># # # # #<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>NOTE:<\/em>&nbsp; Opinion essays, sometimes called OpEds, express the opinion(s) of their author.&nbsp; Not the opinion of the newspaper, news agency, radio station or their owners; in this case, not the opinion(s) of WUWT as an entity, its owner Anthony Watts, or any of its associated staff and\/or other contributors. &nbsp;This Opinion Essay is written by Kip Hansen and I am happy to own these opinions in their entirety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"># # # # #<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As promised, here is the&nbsp;<strong>Definition of a Climate Impact Driver<\/strong>&nbsp;from IPCC AR6, the subject of the chart far above:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FAQ 12.1 | What Is a Climatic Impact-driver (CID)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A climatic impact-driver is a physical climate condition that directly affects society or ecosystems. Climatic impact-drivers may represent a long-term average condition (such as the average winter temperatures that affect indoor heating requirements), a common event (such as a frost that kills off warm-season plants), or an extreme event (such as a coastal flood that destroys homes). A single climatic impact-driver may lead to detrimental effects for one part of society while benefiting another, while others are not affected at all. A climatic impact-driver (or its change caused by climate change) is therefore not universally hazardous or beneficial, but we refer to it as a \u2018hazard\u2019 when experts determine it is detrimental to a specific system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong># # # # #<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Storyline Attribution of weather events is ubiquitous in the news stream: even your sports-crazed neighbor can tell you why we have \u201call this crazy weather\u201d.  He hears it every night on the weather news \u2013 cute little easy-to-remember \u201cJust so\u201d stories explaining it all to him, devoid of any science whatever.  The same type of storylines are taught to your children everyday in their schools\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Storylines, Just So storylines, are very common in science today. Biology is full of them, theoretical physics too. The soft-sciences may be nothing but just-so storylines. Feel free to suggest examples\u2026.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":336815,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818056,691819743,691822784,691821642,691819582],"class_list":["post-336811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-climate-change","tag-climate-propaganda","tag-extreme-weather-event","tag-ipcc-intergovernmental-panel-on-climate-change","tag-ipccs-ar6","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1pCr","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":238944,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=238944","url_meta":{"origin":336811,"position":0},"title":"Climate change makes heat waves, storms and droughts worse\u2013Say weather attribution models","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"01\/10\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Weather attribution has been politicised since its early beginnings, and is undertaken for the express purpose of linking extreme weather to climate change. It should not be confused with real science.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-451.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-451.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-451.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-451.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/image-451.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":419411,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=419411","url_meta":{"origin":336811,"position":1},"title":"No, Yale Climate Connections, Dramatic Photos Don\u2019t Prove Climate Change Effects","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"01\/01\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"The recent article in Yale Climate Connections, \u201cSix photos show how climate change shaped our world in 2025,\u201d by Samantha Harrington, presents a photo-driven narrative asserting that wildfires, floods, heat waves, hurricanes, and droughts in 2025 were \u201cmade more devastating and deadly by climate change.\u201d This is outright false. 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