{"id":333324,"date":"2024-06-20T09:35:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T07:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=333324"},"modified":"2024-06-20T09:35:07","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T07:35:07","slug":"central-italy-was-3-4c-warmer-than-today-about-10000-to-12000-years-ago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=333324","title":{"rendered":"Central Italy Was 3-4\u00b0C Warmer Than Today About 10,000 to 12,000 Years Ago"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"333328\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=333328\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,683\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Michal Banach&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;All rights reserved&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"037225813515_ba707da1a3_b\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-333328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/notrickszone.com\/2024\/06\/17\/central-italy-was-3-4c-warmer-than-today-about-10000-to-12000-years-ago\/\">NoTricksZone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/notrickszone.com\/author\/kenneth-richard\/\">Kenneth Richard<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0012821X23004831\">new study<\/a>, scientists use the new \u201costracod-clumped isotope thermometer\u201d to reconstruct a much warmer Late Pleistocene\/Early Holocene Mediterranean climate.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today\u2019s average summer and winter temperatures are 22\u00b0C (21.4\u00b0C) and 8\u00b0C, respectively, at Central Italy\u2019s Lake Trasimeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Around 11,000-12,000 years ago, when CO2 hovered in the 220-230 ppm range, summer temperatures averaged 25\u00b0C, sometimes rising to 27\u00b0C. This is at least 3\u00b0C warmer than today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As CO2 concentrations rose into the Early Holocene (9,000 to 10,000 years ago), the ostacod-clumped isotope thermometer indicates summer temperatures at this location dipped to 23\u00b0C (22.5 to 23.2\u00b0C).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During this same period winter temperatures averaged 12\u00b0C (11.8\u00b0C), which is \u201c4\u00b0C warmer than today.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"460\" data-attachment-id=\"333326\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=333326\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?fit=1242%2C790&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1242,790\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-397\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?fit=723%2C460&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?resize=723%2C460&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-333326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?resize=1024%2C651&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?resize=300%2C191&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?resize=768%2C489&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?resize=1200%2C763&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-397.png?w=1242&amp;ssl=1 1242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image Source:\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0012821X23004831\">Marchegiano et al., 2024<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In a new study, scientists use the new \u201costracod-clumped isotope thermometer\u201d to reconstruct a much warmer Late Pleistocene\/Early Holocene Mediterranean climate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":333328,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691829288,691829286,691818076,691829287,691818911],"class_list":{"0":"post-333324","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-220-230-ppm-range","9":"tag-central-italy","10":"tag-co2","11":"tag-late-pleistocene-early-holocene","12":"tag-mediterranean-climate","14":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/037225813515_ba707da1a3_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1oIc","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":363287,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=363287","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":0},"title":"Central Japan Was 3\u00b0C (And Up To 7\u00b0C) Warmer Than Today Throughout the Early to Mid-Holocene","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"25\/01\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cBased on the records of the\u00a0\u03b4\u00b9\u2078O\u00a0stalagmite, the [Holocene Thermal Maximum] occurred between 10.9 and 6.7 ka [Honshu, Japan], reaching its peak temperature (15.0\u00b0C) around 7.0 ka. At this time, temperatures were approximately 3\u00b0C warmer than present.\u201d \u2013 Murata et al., 2025","rel":"","context":"In \"central Japan\"","block_context":{"text":"central Japan","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=central-japan"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0GettyImages-556421003-57a517d55f9b58974a959f14.jpg?fit=1200%2C748&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0GettyImages-556421003-57a517d55f9b58974a959f14.jpg?fit=1200%2C748&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0GettyImages-556421003-57a517d55f9b58974a959f14.jpg?fit=1200%2C748&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0GettyImages-556421003-57a517d55f9b58974a959f14.jpg?fit=1200%2C748&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0GettyImages-556421003-57a517d55f9b58974a959f14.jpg?fit=1200%2C748&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":185534,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=185534","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":1},"title":"105 More Non-Global Warming\/Non-Hockey Stick Temperature Records Added To The Database In 2021","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"31\/01\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Since 2019,there have been over 350 peer-reviewed scientific papers published showing no warming in the modern era and\/or much warmer temperatures than today when CO2 levels ranged from 180 to 280 ppm (Holocene, Pleistocene). Below is the link to the updated (now including 2021) database of non-hockey temperature records from\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0Holocene-Cooling-South-China-Sea-1994-2004-coldest-SSTs-in-6000-years-Zhou-2021.jpg?fit=878%2C814&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0Holocene-Cooling-South-China-Sea-1994-2004-coldest-SSTs-in-6000-years-Zhou-2021.jpg?fit=878%2C814&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0Holocene-Cooling-South-China-Sea-1994-2004-coldest-SSTs-in-6000-years-Zhou-2021.jpg?fit=878%2C814&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0Holocene-Cooling-South-China-Sea-1994-2004-coldest-SSTs-in-6000-years-Zhou-2021.jpg?fit=878%2C814&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":335660,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=335660","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":2},"title":"An Giant Oyster Shell Discovery Suggests Early Holocene Seas Were 4\u00b0C (Up To 8\u00b0C) Warmer Than Today","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/07\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Scientists continue to uncover evidence of a much warmer Early Holocene, when CO2 hovered near 260 ppm.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/07473483208_0af764dcab_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/07473483208_0af764dcab_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/07473483208_0af764dcab_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/07473483208_0af764dcab_b.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":330502,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=330502","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":3},"title":"New Study: China\u2019s Loess Plateau 7-8\u00b0C Warmer Than Today For Much Of The Last 4000 Years","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"29\/05\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Scientists refer to the Middle and Late Holocene\u2019s much warmer and wetter regional climate as \u201cfavorable,\u201d \u201coptimal\u201d and \u201cthe best.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In \"7.16\u00b0C warmer\"","block_context":{"text":"7.16\u00b0C warmer","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=7-16c-warmer"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0after_restoration2c_hou_jia_gou2c_shaanxi2c_loess_plateau2c_china2c_2009.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0after_restoration2c_hou_jia_gou2c_shaanxi2c_loess_plateau2c_china2c_2009.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0after_restoration2c_hou_jia_gou2c_shaanxi2c_loess_plateau2c_china2c_2009.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0after_restoration2c_hou_jia_gou2c_shaanxi2c_loess_plateau2c_china2c_2009.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0after_restoration2c_hou_jia_gou2c_shaanxi2c_loess_plateau2c_china2c_2009.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":381971,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=381971","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":4},"title":"New Study: Europe Was \u2018Not Only Warmer But Also Wetter During Most Of The Pre-Industrial Holocene\u2019","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/06\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Europe is now dryer (and colder) than almost any other period in the last 9000 years.","rel":"","context":"In \"coldest and driest period\"","block_context":{"text":"coldest and driest period","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=coldest-and-driest-period"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0Screenshot-2025-06-07-174945.png?fit=1200%2C783&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0Screenshot-2025-06-07-174945.png?fit=1200%2C783&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0Screenshot-2025-06-07-174945.png?fit=1200%2C783&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0Screenshot-2025-06-07-174945.png?fit=1200%2C783&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/0Screenshot-2025-06-07-174945.png?fit=1200%2C783&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":198684,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=198684","url_meta":{"origin":333324,"position":5},"title":"Ancient polar bear remains explained by sea ice and polynyas: my peer-reviewed paper","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/05\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"My open-access, peer-reviewed paper on the ecology of ancient polar bears in relation to sea ice has just been published in\u00a0Open Quaternary. It\u2019s called \u201aPolar Bear Fossil and Archaeological Records from the Pleistocene and Holocene in Relation to Sea Ice Extent and Open Water Polynyas\u2018. A unique compilation of more\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0shutterstock_245773414_purchased_bear-on-ice-floes-resized.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0shutterstock_245773414_purchased_bear-on-ice-floes-resized.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0shutterstock_245773414_purchased_bear-on-ice-floes-resized.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0shutterstock_245773414_purchased_bear-on-ice-floes-resized.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0shutterstock_245773414_purchased_bear-on-ice-floes-resized.jpg?fit=1200%2C798&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=333324"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":333329,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333324\/revisions\/333329"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/333328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=333324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=333324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=333324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}