{"id":327505,"date":"2024-05-08T12:19:06","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=327505"},"modified":"2024-05-08T12:19:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:19:09","slug":"an-embargo-by-china-could-implode-bidens-green-economy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=327505","title":{"rendered":"An embargo by China could implode Biden\u2019s Green economy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"327509\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=327509\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?fit=2400%2C1600&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2400,1600\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-327509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=2048%2C1365&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfact.org\/2024\/05\/07\/an-embargo-by-china-could-implode-bidens-green-economy\/\">CFACT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfact.org\/author\/ronstein\/\">Ronald Stein<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"419\" data-attachment-id=\"327507\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=327507\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=909%2C527&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"909,527\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.5&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D750&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance money \/ United States raised taxes on imports of goods from China on industry container ship in export and import logistics background&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556445699&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;200&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0005&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance mo&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance mo\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance money \/ United States raised taxes on imports of goods from China on industry container ship in export and import logistics background&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?fit=723%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?resize=723%2C419&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-327507\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?w=909&amp;ssl=1 909w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?resize=300%2C174&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0China-US-flags-trade.jpg?resize=768%2C445&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">USA and China trade war economy conflict tax business finance money \/ United States raised taxes on imports of goods from China on industry container ship in export and import logistics background<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No one seems to remember the Arab oil embargo of 1973, just 50 years ago, as America\u2019s National Security is now with China\u2019s monopoly of critical Minerals!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) imposed an oil embargo against the United States, triggering a crude oil crisis that sent the U.S. economy into a recession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Move over OPEC, today, the \u201cgreen\u201d revolution to occasionally generated electricity from wind and solar has the world on the cusp of a Green Embargo by China that may trigger a financial crisis that could send the U.S. economy into a recession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fifty years ago, in the aftermath of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1973_oil_crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1973 oil crisis<\/a>&nbsp;in 1977, the Department of Energy (D.O.E) was established to&nbsp;<em>lessen<\/em>&nbsp;our dependence on foreign locations for America\u2019s energy independence,&nbsp;but today, with its 14,000 employees and a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-03\/doe-fy2024-budget-in-brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2024 budget of $52B<\/a>,&nbsp;the D.O.E. continues to remain dead silent and has allowed foreign nations to take control of California, and for China to monopolize the supply chain of minerals and metals for America to achieve it\u2019s \u201cgreen\u201d policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CALIFORNIA: The fourth-largest economy in the world has increased its imports of crude oil&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.ca.gov\/data-reports\/energy-almanac\/californias-petroleum-market\/oil-supply-sources-california-refineries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">from 5 percent in 1992 to almost 60 percent<\/a>&nbsp;of total consumption today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">California is home to 9 International airports, 41 Military airports, and 3 of the largest shipping ports in America.&nbsp;California\u2019s growing dependency on other nations for crude oil&nbsp;poses a serious national security risk for America!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CHINA: For the transition to a \u201cgreen\u201d revolution reliance on electricity, the D.O.E.&nbsp;has remained silent while wind, solar, and electric vehicle&nbsp;policies have made America increasingly dependent on rare earth minerals and metals mined for those batteries under atrocious slave labor and environmental conditions in other countries that the&nbsp;D.O.E.&nbsp;and bureaucratic policymakers accept and encourage!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China controls a stranglehold of 80% of the global supply monopoly on rare earth minerals and metals, with the Congo in Africa a 90% source of vital cobalt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Graphite: On a total component basis, graphite accounts for about 25% to 28% of an EV battery. Turkey has the largest reserves of graphite, followed by Brazil and China. Together, these three countries account&nbsp;for 66% of the estimated world graphite reserves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Environmentalists\u2019 vision&nbsp;just&nbsp;toward the wealthier countries on this planet that can afford the cost of regulations for the environmental movement, large batteries for electric cars, trucks, buses, and electricity generated occasionally by wind turbines and solar panels is tunnel vision that is&nbsp;hypocritical, unethical, and immoral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>China controls a stranglehold of 80% of the global supply monopoly on rare earth minerals and metals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Congo in Africa is a 90% source of vital cobalt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lithium: The\u00a0Lithium Triangle, which covers parts of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile,\u00a0holds more than 50% of the world\u2019s supply of lithium.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Graphite: On a total component basis, graphite accounts for about 25% to 28% of an EV battery. Turkey has the largest reserves of graphite, followed by Brazil and China. Together, these three countries account\u00a0for 66% of the estimated world graphite reserves.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today, a typical EV battery weighs 1,000 pounds and contains:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>25 pounds of lithium,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>60 pounds of nickel,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>44 pounds of manganese,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30 pounds cobalt,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>200 pounds of copper, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>400 pounds of aluminum, steel, and plastic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inside are over 6,000 individual lithium-ion cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It should concern everyone that all those \u201cblood minerals\u201d come from mining at locations in the world that are never seen by environmentalists, policymakers, or EV buyers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For instance, to manufacture each EV auto battery, you must process 25,000 pounds of brine for lithium, 30,000 pounds of ore for cobalt, 5,000 pounds of ore for nickel, and 25,000 pounds of ore for copper. All told, just one Tesla EV battery requires the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/manhattan.institute\/article\/mines-minerals-and-green-energy-a-reality-check\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">processing of more than 500,000 pounds of materials\u00a0<\/a>somewhere on the planet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A battery for a heavy-duty electric truck can weigh up to 16,000 pounds, which is 16 times more than the Tesla battery! A single truck battery requires 8,000,000 pounds of earth to be dug up. That\u2019s astounding \u2013 digging up 8 million pounds of earth for each truck battery!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">EVs are heavily subsidized in multiple ways: through direct federal and state tax benefits to purchasers, through government loan incentives to manufacturers, and through added production costs passed on to gasoline vehicle purchasers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both China and Africa have minimal labor and environmental laws, resulting in extensive environmental degradation and humanity atrocities that support \u201cclean\u201d EV batteries.&nbsp;Both Lithium and Cobalt, the major components of the EV battery, are noted on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualcapitalist.com\/cp\/the-periodic-table-of-endangered-elements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Periodic Table of Endangered Elements<\/a>&nbsp;as having limited availability or experiencing a rising threat from increased usage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It appears that it is both unethical and immoral to continue financially encouraging China and Africa to exploit \u201ctheir\u201d poor with yellow, brown, and black skin and financially supporting environmental degradation to \u201ctheir\u201d landscapes just to support clean EV batteries in \u201cour backyards\u201d!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The D.O.E.\u2019s silence has become deafening as America approaches three and a half years into the Biden presidency\u2014a presidency that from the outset promised an \u201call-government\u201d&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2024\/04\/24\/tracking-the-demise-of-the-u-s-green-energy-transition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">regulatory onslaught to force a transition<\/a>&nbsp;away from fossil fuels and to \u201cgreen\u201d electricity. The regulatory onslaught on fossil fuels has provided&nbsp;incentives for China to attain control of America\u2019s green movement toward electricity!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China is positioned to influence lithium-ion battery production worldwide adversely. China has monopoly control over processed graphite, an essential component of almost all lithium-ion batteries. Virtually all processed graphite, natural and synthetic, is made in China and then exported to the battery makers worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These batteries are used universally in electric and electronic devices, from cell phones and watches to EVs and huge grid-scale backup batteries; they also have numerous essential military uses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China is just now beginning to implement an export control program for processed graphite. By controlling exports, China could, to a significant degree, adversely influence lithium-ion battery production, such as by raising prices to selected producers or even blacklisting entire countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, the potential adverse impact of the Chinese monopoly power is enormous. What they will do remains to be seen, but the threat is very real.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Much has been written about China\u2019s market power in other crucial materials like cobalt and rare earths. However, these cases are weak compared to its monopoly in processed graphite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China is a major player in both cases, coincidentally producing about 70% of processed cobalt and 70% of rare earths. Numbers like this are nothing like monopoly control, as many other suppliers exist. China consumes most of its production because it makes a lot of lithium-ion batteries. It is a net importer of rare earths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China\u2019s stranglehold monopoly on the global supply of rare earth minerals and metals for the \u201cgreen\u201d movement to EVs and generating electricity by wind and solar is a clear and potential \u201cembargo\u201d danger to the American and World economies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To reiterate, move over OPEC, the next foreign embargo may be a \u201cGREEN\u201d Embargo by China!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Please share this information with your friends to encourage energy literacy conversations at the family dinner table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This article originally appeared at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americaoutloud.news\/a-green-embargo-by-china-will-trigger-a-financial-crisis-that-will-implode-the-us-economy\/\">America Out Loud<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>No one seems to remember the Arab oil embargo of 1973, just 50 years ago, as America\u2019s National Security is now with China\u2019s monopoly of critical Minerals!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":327509,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821060,691818341,691818931,691823062,691828534,691818772],"class_list":{"0":"post-327505","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-1973-oil-crisis","9":"tag-china","10":"tag-critical-minerals","11":"tag-ev-battery","12":"tag-rare-earth-minerals-and-metals","13":"tag-u-s-president-joe-biden","15":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0us-could-end-chinas-rare-earths-monopoly.jpg?fit=2400%2C1600&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1ncl","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":255417,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=255417","url_meta":{"origin":327505,"position":0},"title":"Fifty years after the oil embargo crisis of 1973, no American policy for energy independence","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"01\/05\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The oil embargo of 1973 imposed by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and other Arab oil-producing nations was imposed in response to the United States\u2019 support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War.","rel":"","context":"In \"oil embargo crisis of 1973\"","block_context":{"text":"oil embargo crisis of 1973","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=oil-embargo-crisis-of-1973"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0chi-1973-oil-embargo-20131016.jpeg?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0chi-1973-oil-embargo-20131016.jpeg?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0chi-1973-oil-embargo-20131016.jpeg?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0chi-1973-oil-embargo-20131016.jpeg?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/0chi-1973-oil-embargo-20131016.jpeg?fit=1200%2C786&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":254372,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=254372","url_meta":{"origin":327505,"position":1},"title":"50 years after the oil embargo crisis of 1973, no American policy for energy independence","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"23\/04\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"America continues to increase its energy dependence on China for \u201cgreen\u201d, and on OPEC and Russia for oil.","rel":"","context":"In \"energy independence\"","block_context":{"text":"energy independence","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=energy-independence"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0ap731223029_wide-05e5992d09b5a8b4bd431d63b01ab9b481300065.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0ap731223029_wide-05e5992d09b5a8b4bd431d63b01ab9b481300065.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0ap731223029_wide-05e5992d09b5a8b4bd431d63b01ab9b481300065.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0ap731223029_wide-05e5992d09b5a8b4bd431d63b01ab9b481300065.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0ap731223029_wide-05e5992d09b5a8b4bd431d63b01ab9b481300065.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":291245,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=291245","url_meta":{"origin":327505,"position":2},"title":"The U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve only has a 20-day supply for the country","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"14\/12\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"In 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) imposed an oil embargo against the United States, triggering a crude oil crisis that sent the U.S. economy into a recession.","rel":"","context":"In \"1973 oil crisis\"","block_context":{"text":"1973 oil 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