{"id":299682,"date":"2024-02-04T14:10:44","date_gmt":"2024-02-04T13:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299682"},"modified":"2024-02-04T14:10:47","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T13:10:47","slug":"net-zero-not-only-inhuman-its-also-ecocidal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299682","title":{"rendered":"Net Zero Not Only Inhuman, It\u2019s Also\u00a0Ecocidal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"749\" data-attachment-id=\"299717\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299717\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?fit=896%2C928&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"896,928\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?fit=723%2C749&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?resize=723%2C749&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?w=896&amp;ssl=1 896w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?resize=290%2C300&amp;ssl=1 290w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Screenshot-2023-09-28-100713.png?resize=768%2C795&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"http:\/\/rclutz.com\/\">Science Matters<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.com\/author\/ronaldrc\/\">Ron Clutz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Roger Palmer speaks quietly, but with the force of knowledge and logic on the subject of global warming\/climate change.\u00a0 Two expressions of his perspective are presented here: firstly a brief video and transcript, and secondly excerpts from his 2024 paper. Transcript in italics with my bolds and added images.\u00a0 H\/T Raymond Inauen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7qs1sukNb9Q?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Trust Climate History, Not Hysteria<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>I\u2019m Roger Palmer, a retired engineer living in Victoria, British Columbia. Today I want to talk about&nbsp;<strong>climate change hysteria.<\/strong>&nbsp;The popular press is overflowing with&nbsp;<strong>sensational but scary headlines<\/strong>: the hottest day on record, sea levels are rising, climate catastrophe. It\u2019s never been like this before, climate change is an existential threat, we are declaring a climate emergency, it\u2019s man\u2019s fault.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>These hysterical messages are&nbsp;<strong>reinforced<\/strong>&nbsp;at disruptions organized<strong>&nbsp;by career demonstrators and professional protesters.<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Politicians<\/strong>&nbsp;are falling over themselves to agree with these claims and position themselves as the only viable saviors of mankind who are able to stop the climate from changing. You&nbsp;<strong>can\u2019t get elected if you are perceived as being soft on climate change.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The authors of all this spurious noise unfortunately&nbsp;<strong>do not have a good understanding of science or the historical paleoclimatic record.<\/strong>&nbsp;These people are so arrogant and self-centered that they&nbsp;<strong>believe<\/strong>&nbsp;that&nbsp;<strong>man can<\/strong>&nbsp;control the solar system and&nbsp;<strong>somehow cancel the naturally occurring climate cycles<\/strong>, so that the earth\u2019s climate stays just the way they want it.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Let\u2019s start the discussion by outlining a&nbsp;<strong>difference between weather and climate.<\/strong>&nbsp;When a person speaks about&nbsp;<strong>weather<\/strong>&nbsp;they are referring to how the&nbsp;<strong>atmosphere is behaving<\/strong>&nbsp;over the&nbsp;<strong>short term<\/strong>&nbsp;hours or days and usually over a&nbsp;<strong>small area.<\/strong>&nbsp;The term&nbsp;<strong>climate<\/strong>&nbsp;refers to the&nbsp;<strong>statistics of weather<\/strong>&nbsp;over a defined&nbsp;<strong>large region<\/strong>&nbsp;over a&nbsp;<strong>long period<\/strong>&nbsp;of time, decades or more. the atmospheric&nbsp;<strong>characteristics<\/strong>&nbsp;being described&nbsp;<strong>include temperature, winds, moisture, clouds and precipitation.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>But it is the&nbsp;<strong>temperature<\/strong>&nbsp;that most people seem to&nbsp;<strong>focus<\/strong>&nbsp;on. In the 1970s the concern was about global cooling, but it has now shifted to global warming. An example of a weather statement is: \u201cIt will be cooler and windy in downtown Ottawa tomorrow.\u201d An example of a climate statement is: \u201cNorth America will be warmer over the next two decades.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Reliable equipment for measuring temperature has been available since the early 1800s, but unfortunately the<strong>&nbsp;number and placement of temperature recording stations has changed considerably<\/strong>&nbsp;over time. So it is often difficult to get a complete and consistent record for a specific area temperature history. The&nbsp;<strong>period preceding the 19th century must be inferred<\/strong>&nbsp;by analyzing ice cores, tree growth rings, sediments and corals. Ice cores typically from Greenland, Antarctica or the Arctic are the most commonly used proxies. And it is possible to infer temperatures from thousands or millions of years ago. It is also possible to use ice cores to estimate the historical composition of the atmosphere.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Although\u00a0<strong>surface temperature<\/strong>\u00a0is what humans actually feel on a day-to-day basis, that\u00a0<strong>data<\/strong>\u00a0can be\u00a0<strong>contaminated by urban heat islands<\/strong>. So it is sometimes more meaningful to talk about the temperature of the\u00a0<strong>troposphere<\/strong>, which is the lowest layer of the earth\u2019s atmosphere about 20 kilometers thick and is\u00a0<strong>where all the weather takes place<\/strong>; the clouds, precipitation, storms, winds etc.\u00a0\u00a0<strong>Temperatures<\/strong>\u00a0in the troposphere can be directly\u00a0<strong>measured by balloon-borne radiosondes or inferred from satellite radiometry.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"299686\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299686\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?fit=1754%2C1240&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1754,1240\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-55\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299686\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?w=1754&amp;ssl=1 1754w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-55.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Geological records show that the\u00a0<strong>earth\u2019s average temperature has varied cyclically for many millions of years.<\/strong>\u00a0Sometimes it has been much\u00a0<strong>hotter than today and sometimes much cooler.<\/strong>\u00a0This graph estimates variations in temperature during the\u00a0<strong>last 500 million years<\/strong>. The earth is approximately four and a half billion years old; predecessors of man have been on earth for about two and a half million years; and modern homo sapiens have been around for about two hundred thousand years.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"299687\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299687\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?fit=1754%2C1240&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1754,1240\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-56\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299687\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?w=1754&amp;ssl=1 1754w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-56.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here is what the earth\u2019s temperature has been doing over the past five hundred thousand years and here is the temperature record for more recent times; the last 11, 000 years otherwise known as the Holocene era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"299688\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299688\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?fit=1754%2C1240&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1754,1240\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-57\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299688\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?w=1754&amp;ssl=1 1754w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-57.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The earth would be a much cooler place if it did not have an atmosphere. The atmosphere contains a number of gases that warm the earth by what is called the&nbsp;<strong>greenhouse effect.<\/strong>&nbsp;Which is when solar radiation from the sun can easily pass through the gases to the earth, but outgoing infrared radiation from the earth\u2019s surface is partially blocked from radiating off into space by these same gases. Further details of this mechanism are given in the references.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>There are several different greenhouse gases but everyone seems to\u00a0<strong>focus on<\/strong>\u00a0just one of them:\u00a0<strong>carbon dioxide known as CO2<\/strong>. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is sometimes\u00a0<strong>thought to be the driver of the earth\u2019s temperature, but<\/strong>\u00a0the geological record shows that there has been\u00a0<strong>no correlation.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"484\" data-attachment-id=\"299690\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299690\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?fit=823%2C551&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"823,551\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-58\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?fit=723%2C484&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?resize=723%2C484&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?w=823&amp;ssl=1 823w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-58.png?resize=768%2C514&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The absolutely dominant greenhouse gas is water vapor.<\/strong>\u00a0The earth\u2019s glaciers and ice caps have grown and shrunk cyclically over time. The earth recently exited the Little Ice Age and is currently warming just as in previous cycles. There is definitely a new ice age coming, but none of us will live to experience it. We are\u00a0<strong>currently in an interglacial,<\/strong>\u00a0which is a period between ice ages.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"494\" data-attachment-id=\"299691\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299691\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?fit=873%2C597&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"873,597\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-59\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?fit=723%2C494&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?resize=723%2C494&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299691\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?w=873&amp;ssl=1 873w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?resize=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-59.png?resize=768%2C525&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>As shown by the earlier graphs the earth\u2019s climate is not being driven by changes in the co2 level. Indeed\u00a0<strong>changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration are probably a result of changes in the earth\u2019s temperature<\/strong>\u00a0as oceans and land masses release stored CO2 resulting from long-term temperature changes. As the glaciers and ice caps cyclically build and recede, there are corresponding changes in the sea level. The<strong>\u00a0sea level has cyclically varied<\/strong>\u00a0from today\u2019s levels by as much as plus or minus 200 meters. And these fluctuations are expected to continue for thousands of years to come.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"546\" height=\"379\" data-attachment-id=\"299693\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299693\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-60.png?fit=546%2C379&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"546,379\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-60\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-60.png?fit=546%2C379&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-60.png?resize=546%2C379&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299693\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-60.png?w=546&amp;ssl=1 546w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-60.png?resize=300%2C208&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 546px) 100vw, 546px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>So what is causing these long-term cyclical changes in the earth\u2019s average temperature?<\/strong>&nbsp;A recently posted<strong>&nbsp;youtube series<\/strong>&nbsp;entitled<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=K6tWEjkEiZU&amp;list=PL6hF-GrjEOTMOlsqdriKXiy36rR_kv0hq&amp;index=1\"><strong>&nbsp;Paleoclimatology<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;parts one through three gives an in-depth analysis of the factors at work. Here is a<strong>&nbsp;summary of just some of the main factors:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Continental drifts<\/strong>&nbsp;as result of plate tectonics has caused very long-term climate changes as the ocean\u2019s heat carrying currents have been forced to take different paths;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Milankovitch cycles<\/strong>&nbsp;due to changes in the earth\u2019s tilt, precession and orbital eccentricity and cyclical changes in the solar system\u2019s orbital alignments have demonstrably produced corresponding changes in the earth\u2019s climate over both the long term and the short term;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Cyclical changes in the sun\u2019s total output<\/strong>&nbsp;radiated power. cyclical changes in the sun\u2019s output spectral distribution especially the ultraviolet component<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Variations in the earth\u2019s magnetic field<\/strong>&nbsp;resulting in changes in the magnitude and position of the earth\u2019s magnetosphere which shields us from incoming cosmic particles and the solar wind<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Variations in upper level bacteria<\/strong>&nbsp;which serve as nucleation sites for clouds and precipitation<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Changes in the earth\u2019s average cloud cover<\/strong>&nbsp;as a result of changes in many of the factors just mentioned<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u2666&nbsp; Changes in the earth\u2019s upper atmospheric wind currents<\/strong>&nbsp;that are used to distribute heat energy throughout the pallet of the planet<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note that<strong>&nbsp;carbon dioxide concentration is not a significant cause of these natural cyclical changes<\/strong>. CO2 has some effect on long-term climate changes but it is not the dominant determinant of global temperature. Then<strong>&nbsp;why are the agitators and politicians so obsessed<\/strong>&nbsp;with this and why are they arbitrarily blaming man-made CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels as threatening disruptions to their climate nirvana?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Perhaps there\u2019s a hidden agenda.<\/strong>&nbsp;Current proposals to decarbonize the earth by eliminating fossil fuels will have a minor effect on climate, but will cause extraordinary economic harm.&nbsp;<strong>Maybe the true goal of the protesters is to destroy capitalism in the western world.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"299695\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299695\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?fit=1754%2C1240&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1754,1240\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-61\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?w=1754&amp;ssl=1 1754w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-61.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>CO2 is a clear odorless gas. Atmospheric CO2 levels have been much higher in the past and were sometimes much lower.<strong>&nbsp;CO2 is not a pollutant\u2013it is essential to life.<\/strong>&nbsp;If the atmospheric CO2 concentration were to drop below 150 parts per million, the earth\u2019s vegetation would not be able to survive and the earth would become a barren wasteland.&nbsp; There have been proposals to use<strong>&nbsp;large-scale geoengineering<\/strong>&nbsp;to alter the earth\u2019s climate, such as by surrounding the earth with orbiting reflective particles or mirrors. But such schemes are fraught with&nbsp;<strong>political as well as technical dangers.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change known as the<strong>&nbsp;IPCC<\/strong>&nbsp;is often identified as the final authority when it comes to questions about the earth\u2019s climate.&nbsp; However the IPCC does not conduct research; it merely&nbsp;<strong>reviews papers in the field<\/strong>. And the IPCC should not be considered as unbiased. Because when they were created by the United Nations they were&nbsp;<strong>specifically charged to investigate how mankind is causing the earth\u2019s climate to change.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>In other words the conclusion had already been reached that\u00a0<strong>man was to blame before any investigations were performed.<\/strong>\u00a0The IPCC is a political animal;<strong>\u00a0nothing is published before<\/strong>\u00a0it has been approved by the representatives of all the participating countries to make sure that\u00a0<strong>it aligns with<\/strong>\u00a0their\u00a0<strong>governments\u2019 objectives and policies.<\/strong>\u00a0IPCC has published numerous\u00a0<strong>forecasts<\/strong>\u00a0of ever increasing global temperatures being driven by rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. But these are<strong>\u00a0based on incomplete and inaccurate computer models<\/strong>\u00a0and they have all drastically overestimated the forthcoming temperature rise.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"561\" data-attachment-id=\"299697\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299697\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?fit=2316%2C1796&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2316,1796\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0climate-models-epic-fail\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?fit=723%2C561&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=723%2C561&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=1024%2C794&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=300%2C233&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=768%2C596&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=1536%2C1191&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=2048%2C1588&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?resize=1200%2C931&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>These computer models ignore or inadequately account for many factors, including clouds and solar variations. It is<strong>\u00a0claimed that 97 % of scientists agree<\/strong>\u00a0that man-made emissions of CO2 are having significant negative effects on the earth\u2019s climate. However consensus is not a valid way to conduct scientific research.<strong>\u00a0Group think is a major problem in this field.<\/strong>\u00a0Remember Galileo was able to prove that the earth orbited the sun rather than the other way around. But public opinion and the church forced him to recant his findings. Consensus overruled scientific evidence just like it appears to be doing today.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"421\" data-attachment-id=\"299699\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299699\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?fit=989%2C576&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"989,576\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0akasofu-2010-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?fit=723%2C421&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?resize=723%2C421&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?w=989&amp;ssl=1 989w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?resize=300%2C175&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0akasofu-2010-1.png?resize=768%2C447&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The<strong>&nbsp;earth is getting warmer and it will continue to do so<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>until the temperature trend reverses<\/strong>&nbsp;sometime in the future and we head into the next ice age. Mankind needs to recognize that we are an observer of naturally occurring climate cycles. There is very&nbsp;<strong>little that we can do to stop, change or influence these cycles<\/strong>. The best thing that man can do is learn to adapt to these natural cycles. Stop wasting our money and damaging our economy on<strong>&nbsp;futile and inefficient schemes to reduce man\u2019s CO2 emissions<\/strong>, appearing to be trying<strong>&nbsp;to thwart what are perfectly natural cyclical changes<\/strong>&nbsp;of the earth\u2019s climate.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Learn to live with these changes.&nbsp;<strong>Mankind has to adapt.<\/strong>&nbsp;Have a nice day and enjoy the warmth while we have it. Here are links to references providing more details on many of these points<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Net Zero is Both Suicidal and Ecocidal<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Source: Roger Palmer publication\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.paltec.ca\/understandingclimatechange.pdf\"><strong>\u00a0Understanding Climate Change.<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0 Excerpts in italics with my bolds and added images.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"349\" data-attachment-id=\"299701\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299701\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?fit=1050%2C507&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1050,507\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-62\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?fit=723%2C349&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?resize=723%2C349&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299701\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?resize=1024%2C494&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?resize=300%2C145&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?resize=768%2C371&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?resize=930%2C450&amp;ssl=1 930w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-62.png?w=1050&amp;ssl=1 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Net Zero<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>As mentioned above, many&nbsp;<strong>governments<\/strong>&nbsp;have decided to pursue the&nbsp;<strong>goal<\/strong>&nbsp;of becoming&nbsp;<strong>\u201cNet Zero\u201d by&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>2050<\/strong>&nbsp;(or possibly later). This means that they want all&nbsp;<strong>CO2 emitted by man\u2019s activities<\/strong>&nbsp;either to be&nbsp;<\/em><em><strong>eliminated<\/strong>&nbsp;or somehow compensated for by 2050 in the&nbsp;<strong>belief that this will<\/strong>&nbsp;slow the current rise in&nbsp;<\/em><em>global temperatures, and&nbsp;<strong>limit the rise to 1.5\u00b0C above pre-industrial levels.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>As discussed in previous sections,&nbsp;<strong>CO2<\/strong>&nbsp;concentration is&nbsp;<strong>not the primary driver<\/strong>&nbsp;of global temperature, and&nbsp;<\/em><em>indeed,&nbsp;<strong>rising CO2 levels might actually be a result of warming due to entirely natural factors.&nbsp;<\/strong>Despite the dubious scientific justification, politicians and special-interest&nbsp;<strong>groups have embraced the \u201cNet Zero\u201d battle cry<\/strong>, and are falling over themselves with announcements, proclamations, and protests as they attempt to destroy the world\u2019s economy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The concept of Net Zero is that any continuing emissions of CO2 need to be \u201coffset\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0by actions to\u00a0remove the same amount of CO2 from the atmosphere. These \u201coffsets\u201d could be the\u00a0<strong>planting of trees<\/strong>\u00a0that absorb CO2, or they could involve operating actual\u00a0<strong>equipment that removes CO2<\/strong>\u00a0from the atmosphere, and then sequesters it in a safe storage facility (this is called<strong>\u00a0CCS,<\/strong>\u00a0which stands for Carbon Capture and Sequestration). A marketplace has now developed whereby\u00a0<strong>\u201ccarbon credits\u201d a<\/strong>re bought and sold, and some rather flimsy\u00a0<strong>schemes<\/strong>\u00a0have been created.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"309\" data-attachment-id=\"299702\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299702\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-63.png?fit=425%2C309&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"425,309\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-63\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-63.png?fit=425%2C309&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-63.png?resize=425%2C309&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-63.png?w=425&amp;ssl=1 425w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-63.png?resize=300%2C218&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>As an example of how ludicrous this churning process is, consider the example of the DRAX power plant\u00a0that is located in the U.K. This power plant was built in 1974, and burned coal to generate electricity (in\u00a0a conventional steam turbine system). Starting in 2013, this power plant was\u00a0<strong>converted to burn\u00a0compressed wood pellets.<\/strong>\u00a0The pellets are manufactured in Canada, and shipped to the UK from the\u00a0port of Prince Rupert, BC. The pellets were originally supposed to use scrap wood left over from existing\u00a0logging operations, but demand eventually required that trees be specifically grown to feed the process.\u00a0It was\u00a0<strong>claimed that the entire process<\/strong>\u00a0(growing trees, converting the wood to pellets, transporting them\u00a0between continents, and then burning them in a thermal power plant)<strong>\u00a0was \u201csustainable\u201d,<\/strong>\u00a0because new\u00a0trees were planted to replace those that were cut down!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"416\" data-attachment-id=\"299704\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299704\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-64.png?fit=634%2C416&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"634,416\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-64\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-64.png?fit=634%2C416&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-64.png?resize=634%2C416&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299704\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-64.png?w=634&amp;ssl=1 634w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-64.png?resize=300%2C197&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Direct Carbon Capture(DCC)<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>There are several companies developing technology and equipment for actually&nbsp;<strong>extracting (\u201ccapturing\u201d)&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>CO2 from the air.<\/strong>&nbsp;The CO2 is&nbsp;<strong>then stored (\u201csequestered\u201d)<\/strong>&nbsp;either as a gas, or converted to some other&nbsp;<\/em><em>form. The justification for doing this is that governments and agencies&nbsp;<strong>mistakenly believe that CO2&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>emissions from human activities is causing the world to warm,<\/strong>&nbsp;and that not only must these emissions&nbsp;<\/em><em>stop, but some of the CO2 must be removed in order to lower the concentration in the atmosphere, thereby supposedly&nbsp;<strong>preventing future temperature rises.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" data-attachment-id=\"299705\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299705\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?fit=1400%2C788&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1400,788\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-65\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?fit=723%2C407&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?resize=723%2C407&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299705\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?resize=1200%2C675&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-65.png?w=1400&amp;ssl=1 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The processes used for DCC are&nbsp;<strong>complex, and require large amounts of energy<\/strong>&nbsp;to operate. It is claimed that the energy will come from \u201csustainable\u201d sources (hydro, solar, wind, nuclear), so the whole process will help a country reach the goal of \u201cnet zero\u201d.&nbsp;<strong>Funding<\/strong>&nbsp;for these projects effectively comes<strong>&nbsp;from selling \u201ccarbon credits\u201d<\/strong>, because governments have inadvisably placed a dollar value on CO2.&nbsp; If these proposed projects go ahead, the&nbsp;<strong>scale and costs<\/strong>&nbsp;involved will be&nbsp;<strong>enormous<\/strong>. And remember,&nbsp;<\/em><em><strong>lowering the CO2<\/strong>&nbsp;concentration in the atmosphere<strong>&nbsp;by 1 ppm<\/strong>&nbsp;will only&nbsp;<strong>potentially reduce the temperature by between 9 and 15 thousandths of a degree C!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Energy and Transortation<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>As part of the charge toward the Holy Grail of \u201cNet Zero\u201d, the entire\u00a0<strong>transportation infrastructure<\/strong>\u00a0is\u00a0being forced to\u00a0<strong>dispense with the burning of fossil fuels.<\/strong>\u00a0Governments apply so-called \u201c<strong>Carbon Taxes\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>on the sale of hydrocarbon fuels, and the tax rates are methodically being increased as time goes by, in\u00a0an effort to get users to switch to another type of energy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"497\" height=\"402\" data-attachment-id=\"299707\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299707\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-66.png?fit=497%2C402&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"497,402\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-66\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-66.png?fit=497%2C402&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-66.png?resize=497%2C402&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-66.png?w=497&amp;ssl=1 497w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-66.png?resize=300%2C243&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 497px) 100vw, 497px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Oil has been a major energy source for over two centuries<\/strong>. It has a<strong>&nbsp;high energy density<\/strong>&nbsp;(ie: a small and light weight amount of the substance has the potential to create a large amount of energy). A few&nbsp;<\/em><em>decades ago, there was worldwide concern that we were running out of these fuels and only had a&nbsp;<\/em><em>limited supply, but&nbsp;<strong>new exploration\/extraction techniques<\/strong>, combined with more efficient energy use&nbsp;<\/em><em>have allayed those concerns.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Fossil fuels are converted to energy by the process of combustion.<\/strong>&nbsp;Almost 40% of the material\u2019s&nbsp;<\/em><em>potential energy is extracted in modern gasoline or diesel engines, and almost 55% in modern&nbsp;<\/em><em>combined-cycle gas-fired power plants. The remaining energy is turned into waste heat. In building&nbsp;<\/em><em>heating applications, the fossil fuel is burned to directly create heat: this process can have efficiencies of over 95%. All of these combustion processes&nbsp;<strong>generate CO2,<\/strong>&nbsp;and this is the&nbsp;<strong>main focus of<\/strong>&nbsp;politicians,&nbsp;<\/em><em>scientists, and environmentalists,&nbsp;<strong>despite evidence<\/strong>&nbsp;(as outlined earlier) that climate change is not being&nbsp;<\/em><em>primarily driven by increases in CO2 concentration.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"263\" data-attachment-id=\"299708\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299708\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?fit=965%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"965,351\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-67\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?fit=723%2C263&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?resize=723%2C263&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299708\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?w=965&amp;ssl=1 965w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?resize=300%2C109&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-67.png?resize=768%2C279&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.files.wordpress.com\/2022\/12\/climate-models-epic-fail.png\"><\/a><strong>Wind turbines and solar cells<\/strong>\u00a0have received most of the publicity in recent years as large arrays of these\u00a0devices have been installed around the world. The biggest problem is the\u00a0<strong>intermittent<\/strong>\u00a0nature of their\u00a0output. To compensate for this,<strong>\u00a0excess generating capacity<\/strong>\u00a0has to be installed, and very<strong>\u00a0large energy\u00a0storage devices<\/strong>\u00a0(batteries, pumped water, etc) have to be included to ensure a reliable source of supply.\u00a0If electricity is produced by techniques (such as hydro, solar, wind, or nuclear) that do not emit any\u00a0greenhouse gases, there is strong political motivation to convert existing consumers of fossil fuels to use\u00a0electricity as their energy source.\u00a0<strong>Transportation<\/strong>\u00a0has been a major user of fossil fuels, and the sector is\u00a0highly visible to the public, so there is<strong>\u00a0considerable pressure to electrify it.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"511\" data-attachment-id=\"299710\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299710\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?fit=1754%2C1240&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1754,1240\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-68\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?fit=723%2C511&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=723%2C511&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299710\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?w=1754&amp;ssl=1 1754w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-68.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Fossil fuels are an ideal way to power mobile devices<\/strong>&nbsp;(especially road vehicles, aircraft, and ships): the&nbsp;<\/em><em>energy density (KW-h per Kg) is very high, and it is easy to quickly refuel as required. There has been&nbsp;<\/em><em>much development in&nbsp;<strong>electrical<\/strong>&nbsp;technology for road&nbsp;<strong>vehicles<\/strong>, but the major&nbsp;<strong>problem<\/strong>&nbsp;has been the&nbsp;<\/em><em>availability of electrical energy storage devices (primarily&nbsp;<strong>batteries<\/strong>) that are small and light enough to fit&nbsp;<\/em><em>into the vehicle, and that have sufficient capacity to provide decent range between charges. The energy&nbsp;<\/em><em>density (KW-h per Kg) of modern Li-ion batteries is about 2% that of gasoline or diesel fuel. Some&nbsp;<\/em><em>electric cars have met with market success, but battery technology&nbsp;<strong>needs<\/strong>&nbsp;to develop a&nbsp;<strong>major increase in&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>battery energy density<\/strong>&nbsp;before they are considered viable for mainstream applications, and&nbsp;<strong>then<\/strong>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<\/em><em>problem will be one of installing enough&nbsp;<strong>charging infrastructure<\/strong>&nbsp;to allow for unimpeded travel without&nbsp;<\/em><em>the drivers suffering from \u201crange anxiety\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Ships, highway trucks and airliners pose their own problems, and are unlikely to be weaned off of fossil\u00a0\u00a0fuels for some time to come.<\/strong>\u00a0These applications need energy storage devices that have much higher density (both by volume and by weight) than batteries \u2013 the use of hydrogen (produced by electrolysis of water) and fuel cells is being vigorously pursued. Hydrogen can also be burned directly in modified jet engines or even reciprocating engines, but\u00a0<strong>hydrogen has storage issues that need to be addressed.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"380\" data-attachment-id=\"299712\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299712\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?fit=1200%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,630\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0green-hydrogen-hype-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?fit=723%2C380&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?resize=723%2C380&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?resize=1024%2C538&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?resize=300%2C158&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?resize=768%2C403&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0green-hydrogen-hype-1.png?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Hydrogen\u2019s energy density (KW-h per Kg) is quite high, but it occupies a large volume, so&nbsp;<strong>must be stored&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>at very high pressures<\/strong>&nbsp;if storage tanks are to be kept to a reasonable size. Hydrogen can also be stored&nbsp;<\/em><em>in a&nbsp;<strong>liquid form<\/strong>, but the extremely low cryogenic temperatures&nbsp;<strong>required (-253\u00b0C)<\/strong>&nbsp;present significant<\/em><br><em>challenges.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>If it were possible to convert all power generation, heating, and transportation applications<\/strong>\u00a0to non fossil fuel technology, it would be possible to\u00a0<strong>reduce<\/strong>\u00a0the total amount of man-made\u00a0<strong>CO2 emissions by over\u00a050%,<\/strong>\u00a0but this would have a\u00a0<strong>negligible effect on global temperature<\/strong>. It would of course\u00a0<strong>still<\/strong>\u00a0be\u00a0<strong>required<\/strong>\u00a0to extract<strong>\u00a0oil and natural gas<\/strong>\u00a0from the ground<strong>\u00a0for the manufacture of synthetic materials, plastics, asphalt, lubricants, and pharmaceuticals.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"318\" data-attachment-id=\"299714\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299714\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?fit=1187%2C523&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1187,523\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?fit=723%2C318&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?resize=723%2C318&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299714\" style=\"width:760px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?resize=1024%2C451&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?resize=300%2C132&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?resize=768%2C338&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0iogp-oil-and-gas-plumbing.png?w=1187&amp;ssl=1 1187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Summary and Conclusions<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The material reviewed so far in this paper confirms that there are a<strong>&nbsp;large number of factors<\/strong>&nbsp;that affect&nbsp;<\/em><em>the&nbsp;<strong>earth\u2019s climate.<\/strong>&nbsp;Many of these are poorly understood by man, and there are some factors that&nbsp;<\/em><em>probably haven\u2019t even been discovered yet.&nbsp;<\/em><em>A number of&nbsp;<strong>conclusions<\/strong>&nbsp;can be taken away from the information presented so far in this document:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>a) Climate change is a&nbsp;<strong>naturally-occurring, cyclic phenomena<\/strong>, and it has been going on for&nbsp;<\/em><em>millions of years.<\/em><br><em>b) Climate change is primarily&nbsp;<strong>driven by changes in the energy of the sun<\/strong>&nbsp;that impinges on the&nbsp;<\/em><em>earth. The dominant factors driving this are variations in the sun (total output power, spectral&nbsp;<\/em><em>distribution, sunspot cycles) Milankovitch Cycles, variations in ocean currents (ENSO, PDO, and&nbsp;<\/em><em>AMO). Other factors include the effect of varying cosmic particle influx and high altitude&nbsp;<\/em><em>bacteria, causing changes in cloud cover.<\/em><br><em>c) The&nbsp;<strong>primary greenhouse gas is water vapour.<\/strong>&nbsp;The effect of atmospheric CO2 on global&nbsp;<\/em><em>temperature change is much less. Because of the non-linear effect of CO2 concentration,&nbsp;<\/em><em>increases beyond the current level will have a decreasing effect on the earth\u2019s climate.<\/em><br><em>d) Man-made&nbsp;<strong>CO2 does have a minor effect<\/strong>&nbsp;on global temperature changes, but it is not the&nbsp;<\/em><em>dominant factor. A reduction of man-made CO2 emissions would have a negligible effect on&nbsp;<\/em><em>global temperature.<\/em><br><em>e) Man\u2019s&nbsp;<strong>understanding of<\/strong>&nbsp;the various&nbsp;<strong>climate-influencing factors<\/strong>&nbsp;is&nbsp;<strong>very limited.<\/strong><\/em><br><em>f)&nbsp;<strong>Climate models are not effective<\/strong>&nbsp;at forecasting future long-term global temperatures.<\/em><br><em>g) There is&nbsp;<strong>very little that mankind can do<\/strong>&nbsp;to affect global temperature change. It does not make&nbsp;<\/em><em>sense to introduce&nbsp;<strong>regulations<\/strong>&nbsp;that will have a negative impact on Western economies in a&nbsp;<\/em><em><strong>pointless attempt<\/strong>&nbsp;to change the natural rate of global climate change.<\/em><br><em>h) Mankind will have to learn to&nbsp;<strong>adapt to future climate changes.<\/strong>&nbsp;If mankind is still around in a&nbsp;<\/em><em>few thousand years, they will then have to adapt to global cooling and glaciations!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Any\u00a0<strong>legislative efforts to limit man-made carbon dioxide emissions<\/strong>\u00a0at the local, regional,\u00a0provincial, or federal levels may be well-intended, but are ultimately\u00a0<strong>futile, and potentially\u00a0dangerous<\/strong>. These efforts will harm the economy, waste resources, and not significantly affect\u00a0the naturally-occurring cyclic climatic changes.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"322\" height=\"450\" data-attachment-id=\"299716\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=299716\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-69.png?fit=322%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"322,450\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-69\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-69.png?fit=322%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-69.png?resize=322%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-299716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-69.png?w=322&amp;ssl=1 322w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-69.png?resize=215%2C300&amp;ssl=1 215w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 322px) 100vw, 322px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.files.wordpress.com\/2021\/08\/barrel-poison-7388531rev.png\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Roger Palmer speaks quietly, but with the force of knowledge and logic on the subject of global warming\/climate change.\u00a0 Two expressions of his perspective are presented here: firstly a brief video and transcript, and secondly excerpts from his 2024 paper. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":299697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Roger Palmer speaks quietly, but with the force of knowledge and logic on the subject of global warming\/climate change.\u00a0 Two expressions of his perspective are presented here: firstly a brief video and transcript, and secondly excerpts from his 2024 paper","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818056,691818272,691818076,691818087,691818370,691818154,691826710],"class_list":{"0":"post-299682","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-climate-change","9":"tag-climate-hysteria","10":"tag-co2","11":"tag-global-warming","12":"tag-hydrogen","13":"tag-net-zero","14":"tag-wind-turbines-and-solar-cells","16":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0climate-models-epic-fail.png?fit=2316%2C1796&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1fXA","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":435576,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=435576","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":0},"title":"X-Weather Attributions by Pseudo-Scientists","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"30\/03\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Extreme weather attribution studies are based on flawed logic and generate misleading headlines, according to a new briefing paper from The Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF).","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AQM_gzDidGgXCbQCo_8tDdJHyE1HQhiIr1ytBFUhspq-Z2jmvLhvYECdxo60tf7IwAYvX604HbjEjj-twRN2wPjwBKGqsgy8S8iY68TUucfbQyEhUO3jm08QWxvF_eSWRF-wXPYIS33vnd_K867MXsRj8Swh1w.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AQM_gzDidGgXCbQCo_8tDdJHyE1HQhiIr1ytBFUhspq-Z2jmvLhvYECdxo60tf7IwAYvX604HbjEjj-twRN2wPjwBKGqsgy8S8iY68TUucfbQyEhUO3jm08QWxvF_eSWRF-wXPYIS33vnd_K867MXsRj8Swh1w.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AQM_gzDidGgXCbQCo_8tDdJHyE1HQhiIr1ytBFUhspq-Z2jmvLhvYECdxo60tf7IwAYvX604HbjEjj-twRN2wPjwBKGqsgy8S8iY68TUucfbQyEhUO3jm08QWxvF_eSWRF-wXPYIS33vnd_K867MXsRj8Swh1w.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AQM_gzDidGgXCbQCo_8tDdJHyE1HQhiIr1ytBFUhspq-Z2jmvLhvYECdxo60tf7IwAYvX604HbjEjj-twRN2wPjwBKGqsgy8S8iY68TUucfbQyEhUO3jm08QWxvF_eSWRF-wXPYIS33vnd_K867MXsRj8Swh1w.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AQM_gzDidGgXCbQCo_8tDdJHyE1HQhiIr1ytBFUhspq-Z2jmvLhvYECdxo60tf7IwAYvX604HbjEjj-twRN2wPjwBKGqsgy8S8iY68TUucfbQyEhUO3jm08QWxvF_eSWRF-wXPYIS33vnd_K867MXsRj8Swh1w.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":293815,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=293815","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":1},"title":"Climate Models Hide the Paleo\u00a0Incline","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/01\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"In\u00a0 2019, the iconic email from the Climategate leak included a comment by Phil Jones about the \u201ctrick\u201d used by Michael Mann to \u201chide the decline,\u201d in his Hockey Stick graph, referring to tree proxy temperatures\u00a0 cooling rather than warming in modern times.\u00a0","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate models\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate models","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-models"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2quote-star-trek-scotty.jpg?fit=1200%2C881&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2quote-star-trek-scotty.jpg?fit=1200%2C881&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2quote-star-trek-scotty.jpg?fit=1200%2C881&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2quote-star-trek-scotty.jpg?fit=1200%2C881&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2quote-star-trek-scotty.jpg?fit=1200%2C881&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":424622,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=424622","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":2},"title":"Re-evaluating the Concern of Climate Change","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/02\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"I\u2019ve just been made aware of a paper critical of the \u201cconsensus\u201d view that man-made climate change is dangerous. It is by Ashutosh Sharma, Vinit Vithalrai Shenvi, and Mohit Sain of the MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology in India (or MSRIT) (Sharma et al., 2024). It was published just two\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\"","block_context":{"text":"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=carbon-dioxide-co%e2%82%82"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0-climate-consensus.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0-climate-consensus.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0-climate-consensus.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/0-climate-consensus.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":261117,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=261117","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":3},"title":"Ep93: Prof. Roger Pielke Jr. &#8220;The Inconvenient Truth about Climate Science&#8221;","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"07\/06\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Roger Pielke, Jr. has been on the faculty of the University of Colorado Boulder since 2001, where he teaches and writes on a diverse range of policy and governance issues related to science, technology, environment, innovation and sports. Roger is a professor in the Environmental Studies Program. Roger is currently\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-07-184427.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-07-184427.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-07-184427.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/00Screenshot-2023-06-07-184427.png?fit=898%2C506&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":411446,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=411446","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":4},"title":"Orwellian Sacking of Editor for Allowing Debate Over Climate Change","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"03\/11\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The Special Issues Editor of the American Journal of Economics and Sociology has been sacked from his position for daring to allow debate over the impact of climate change. Environmental Engineer Dr Marty Rowland was removed from his position for publishing a paper by Marcel Crok and Andy May. The\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"cancel culture\"","block_context":{"text":"cancel culture","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cancel-culture"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/AQN7_5YirC2_wOg0JyM5RAu4rRFuXJfrVwGhqZl1yvMJ8upLHATg4uS-146si6Qvod4aEYXuRAEuJQxH03BIrmBk-3jBd4IwymfLn0A9iRhmPPoXf75HYCTBijZnaL_.jpeg?fit=1200%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/AQN7_5YirC2_wOg0JyM5RAu4rRFuXJfrVwGhqZl1yvMJ8upLHATg4uS-146si6Qvod4aEYXuRAEuJQxH03BIrmBk-3jBd4IwymfLn0A9iRhmPPoXf75HYCTBijZnaL_.jpeg?fit=1200%2C683&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/AQN7_5YirC2_wOg0JyM5RAu4rRFuXJfrVwGhqZl1yvMJ8upLHATg4uS-146si6Qvod4aEYXuRAEuJQxH03BIrmBk-3jBd4IwymfLn0A9iRhmPPoXf75HYCTBijZnaL_.jpeg?fit=1200%2C683&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/AQN7_5YirC2_wOg0JyM5RAu4rRFuXJfrVwGhqZl1yvMJ8upLHATg4uS-146si6Qvod4aEYXuRAEuJQxH03BIrmBk-3jBd4IwymfLn0A9iRhmPPoXf75HYCTBijZnaL_.jpeg?fit=1200%2C683&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/AQN7_5YirC2_wOg0JyM5RAu4rRFuXJfrVwGhqZl1yvMJ8upLHATg4uS-146si6Qvod4aEYXuRAEuJQxH03BIrmBk-3jBd4IwymfLn0A9iRhmPPoXf75HYCTBijZnaL_.jpeg?fit=1200%2C683&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":224526,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=224526","url_meta":{"origin":299682,"position":5},"title":"The Primacy of Doubt","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/10\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"This book is a physics-intellectual feast.\u00a0 Must read.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-890.png?fit=572%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-890.png?fit=572%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-890.png?fit=572%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=299682"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":299719,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299682\/revisions\/299719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/299697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=299682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=299682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=299682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}