{"id":299364,"date":"2024-02-02T12:16:55","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T11:16:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299364"},"modified":"2024-02-02T12:16:58","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T11:16:58","slug":"urban-heat-island-studies-do-pristine-weather-stations-even-exist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299364","title":{"rendered":"Urban Heat Island Studies \u2013 Do Pristine Weather Stations Even Exist?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By: Geoff Sherrington.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scientist, Australia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

This article tests the hypothesis:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Measured historical factors can be used to distinguish between urban and pristine stations.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Australian weather stations and data were tested. Australia\u2019s low population density plus its many weather stations allow many \u201cpristine\u201d station candidates to be examined for studies of Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From an initial list of 1,000+ stations, those with adequate data were narrowed down subjectively to 45 pristine station candidates. Some of their general properties are tabled below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.geoffstuff.com\/45 pristine candidate comparison stations.xlsx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

If several stations in a set are truly pristine, they should have similar temperature trends over time. If they do not have similar time series trends, then some factor more than natural variation must be affecting them; they cannot all be pristine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is a graph of the trends of the 45 candidate stations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
https:\/\/www.geoffstuff.com\/trens 45 pristine candisates.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This is for maximum temperatures, Tmax, years 1910 to 2020. In the following table, the linear least squares fit is calculated and expressed in the equivalent of \u2070C per century for maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and average (Tav) temperatures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PRISTINE<\/strong><\/td>Tmax trend 1910 to 2020<\/td>Tmin trend 1910 to 2020<\/td>Tav trend 1910 to 2020<\/td>RMS error Tmax<\/td>RMS error  Tmin<\/td><\/tr>
BALLADONIA<\/td>0.2<\/td>0.6<\/td>0.4<\/td>6.6<\/td>4.99<\/td><\/tr>
BENCUBBIN<\/td>1.1<\/td>1.2<\/td>1.1<\/td>7.63<\/td>5.62<\/td><\/tr>
BIDYADANGA<\/td>2.0<\/td>1.9<\/td>1.9<\/td>3.52<\/td>5.08<\/td><\/tr>
BRUNETTE DNS<\/td>0.9<\/td>1.3<\/td>1.1<\/td>5.29<\/td>5.98<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE BORDA<\/td>2.4<\/td>1.1<\/td>1.7<\/td>4.64<\/td>3.21<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE BRUNY<\/td>1.6<\/td>1.4<\/td>1.5<\/td>4.05<\/td>2.96<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE CLEVELAND<\/td>0.1<\/td>2.9<\/td>1.5<\/td>3.37<\/td>3.15<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE LEEUWIN<\/td>0.9<\/td>0.7<\/td>0.8<\/td>3.37<\/td>2.89<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE MORETON<\/td>0.8<\/td>1.1<\/td>1.0<\/td>3.28<\/td>3.67<\/td><\/tr>
CAPE OTWAY<\/td>0.9<\/td>0.7<\/td>0.8<\/td>4.66<\/td>3.09<\/td><\/tr>
COCOS ISLAND<\/td>0.4<\/td>2.0<\/td>1.2<\/td>1.09<\/td>1.17<\/td><\/tr>
EDDYSTONE PT<\/td>1.4<\/td>1.1<\/td>1.2<\/td>3.59<\/td>3.49<\/td><\/tr>
ELLISTON<\/td>2.9<\/td>1.2<\/td>2.1<\/td>5.45<\/td>4.29<\/td><\/tr>
EMU CREEK<\/td>3.2<\/td>2.3<\/td>2.8<\/td>6.42<\/td>5.59<\/td><\/tr>
EUCLA<\/td>1.8<\/td>0.2<\/td>1.0<\/td>5.78<\/td>4.61<\/td><\/tr>
FLINDERS IS<\/td>1.7<\/td>1.6<\/td>1.6<\/td>4.35<\/td>4.39<\/td><\/tr>
GABO IS<\/td>1.4<\/td>0.3<\/td>0.9<\/td>3.48<\/td>3.49<\/td><\/tr>
HUME RESERVOIR<\/td>3.3<\/td>2.3<\/td>2.8<\/td>7.57<\/td>5.67<\/td><\/tr>
JERRYS PLAINS<\/td>3.1<\/td>1.0<\/td>2.1<\/td>6.21<\/td>5.91<\/td><\/tr>
KYANCUTTA<\/td>0.9<\/td>1.0<\/td>1.0<\/td>7.41<\/td>5.38<\/td><\/tr>
LADY ELLIOT IS<\/td>2.1<\/td>0.9<\/td>1.5<\/td>3.24<\/td>3.17<\/td><\/tr>
LARRIMAH<\/td>-0.3<\/td>1.5<\/td>0.6<\/td>3.69<\/td>5.33<\/td><\/tr>
LEARMONTH<\/td>3.1<\/td>0.8<\/td>2.0<\/td>5.72<\/td>5.04<\/td><\/tr>
LOCKHART R<\/td>1.5<\/td>2.4<\/td>1.9<\/td>2.24<\/td>2.79<\/td><\/tr>
LOW ISLES<\/td>1.0<\/td>0.8<\/td>0.9<\/td>2.98<\/td>2.17<\/td><\/tr>
MAATSUYKER IS<\/td>-0.1<\/td>1.3<\/td>0.6<\/td>3.79<\/td>2.68<\/td><\/tr>
MACQUARIE IS                       <\/td>1.0<\/td>0.9<\/td>1.0<\/td>1.99<\/td>2.53<\/td><\/tr>
MANDORAH<\/td>2.1<\/td>1.8<\/td>2.0<\/td>4.35<\/td>5.49<\/td><\/tr>
MANGALORE<\/td>2.6<\/td>0.6<\/td>1.6<\/td>7.28<\/td>5.33<\/td><\/tr>
MARDIE<\/td>0.8<\/td>3.1<\/td>1.9<\/td>5.01<\/td>5.47<\/td><\/tr>
MARRAWAH<\/td>1.5<\/td>1.5<\/td>1.5<\/td>3.72<\/td>3.07<\/td><\/tr>
MARREE<\/td>3.1<\/td>2.8<\/td>3.0<\/td>7.87<\/td>4.31<\/td><\/tr>
MONTAGUE IS<\/td>1.4<\/td>2.5<\/td>2.0<\/td>3.51<\/td>3.31<\/td><\/tr>
NEPTUNE IS<\/td>1.7<\/td>1.7<\/td>1.7<\/td>3.34<\/td>2.54<\/td><\/tr>
OENPELLI NT<\/td>0.4<\/td>1.7<\/td>1.0<\/td>2.52<\/td>3.16<\/td><\/tr>
OMEO VIC<\/td>0.5<\/td>1.6<\/td>1.1<\/td>6.78<\/td>5.02<\/td><\/tr>
PALMERVILLE<\/td>0.6<\/td>0.3<\/td>0.4<\/td>2.82<\/td>4.04<\/td><\/tr>
POINT HICKS<\/td>3.1<\/td>1.4<\/td>2.3<\/td>4.95<\/td>3.59<\/td><\/tr>
RABBIT FLAT<\/td>2.8<\/td>0.8<\/td>1.8<\/td>5.92<\/td>7.31<\/td><\/tr>
TABULAM<\/td>3.3<\/td>1.7<\/td>2.5<\/td>5.14<\/td>4.14<\/td><\/tr>
TARALGA<\/td>3.1<\/td>1.2<\/td>2.1<\/td>6.92<\/td>5.36<\/td><\/tr>
VICTORIA RIVER<\/td>0.8<\/td>0.4<\/td>0.6<\/td>4.16<\/td>6.21<\/td><\/tr>
WARMUN<\/td>0.4<\/td>0.5<\/td>0.5<\/td>4.39<\/td>5.52<\/td><\/tr>
WARRUWI<\/td>1.4<\/td>1.3<\/td>1.3<\/td>2.03<\/td>2.27<\/td><\/tr>
WILLIS ISLAND<\/td>0.4<\/td>1.0<\/td>0.7<\/td>1.99<\/td>1.77<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td><\/td><\/td><\/td><\/td><\/tr>
Simple average<\/td>1.5<\/td>1.3<\/td>1.4<\/td>4.54<\/td>4.14<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The linear trends for Tmax range from a high of 3.3 \u2070C per century at Hume Reservoir to a low of -0.3 \u2070C per century at Larrimah. These trends are far larger than the uniformity expected for true pristine sites with similar natural variation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, the hypothesis that Measured historical factors can be used to distinguish between urban and pristine stations <\/strong>is shown to fail, because measured historical factors cannot even distinguish between one plausibly pristine station and another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.geoffstuff.com\/trend table pristine.xlsx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For wriggle matchers, here is the same data without the linear line of best fit, but with some lightly smoothed character retained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The wriggles do not easily fall into a recognisable, simple, or systematic pattern. One might infer that there is \u201cnoise\u201d from sources such as different start and end dates for the stations, plus station shifts at various dates, instrument changes, changes after quality testing and so on. Known system changes such as from \u2070F to \u2070C in November 1972 and from Liquid-In-Glass to Pt Resistance thermometry mostly in 1991 to 2001 have been studied for diverse stations. Their step changes if any are likely to be below 0.5 \u2070C, but the \u201cnoise\u201d in these wriggles is an order of magnitude greater as shown by the RMS error figures tabled above in \u2070C units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Willis Eschenbach has calculated a figure that can be compared with the wriggle graph above. It shows the expected earth surface temperatures derived from incoming radiation measured by the Ceres satellite system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2023\/10\/21\/as-above-so-below\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The trends from the Eschenbach graph using CERES data are about 1.5 \u2070C per century equivalent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To the extent that comparison is valid \u2013 and I know of no reason to doubt \u2013 these satellite-based temperature estimates for random grid cells on the earth show time trends similar to each other and with matching wriggles over the last 20+ years. Something happens to the relation between the temperatures from satellite measurements and the land surface thermometer estimates we are discussing. Part of that \u201csomething\u201d could be UHI, but my stations were chosen to have minimal UHI. How small is minimal? At Palmerville station,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe same observer performed observations for 63 years from 1936 to 1999, and was the area\u2019s sole remaining resident during the later part of that period. \u201c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/www.bom.gov.au\/climate\/data\/acorn-sat\/stations\/#\/23000<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.www.geoffstuff\/palmerville.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is possible to create \u201cadjusted temperatures\u201d for these land surface stations. Most of the lighthouse stations in this candidate set have been separately adjusted by the ACORN-SAT procedures published by the Bureau of Meteorology. (A future article looks at the future for future adjustments).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most past studies of Urban Heat Island effects start with this reasonable, logical, simple equation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuhi = Turban \u2013 Tpristine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That framework works only if Turban and Tpristine can be measured. This article starts to show that there are impediments to the useful definition of Tpristine by measurement rather than by assignment. The next article in this series compares these 45 pristine candidate stations with 37 urban stations, to seek systematic differences between the two groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Through these articles, you are invited to consider if these temperature sets from Australia are much different to those from other countries, with the point in common that they are not fit for the purpose of influencing very expensive government policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(END)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Measured historical factors can be used to distinguish between urban and pristine stations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":299373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818216,691821163,691826683,691821156,691818545],"class_list":{"0":"post-299364","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-australia","9":"tag-ceres","10":"tag-linear-trends","11":"tag-urban-heat-island-uhi","12":"tag-weather-stations","14":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/00-Urban-Heat-Island.jpg?fit=1568%2C901&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1fSs","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":402064,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=402064","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":0},"title":"Nearly All Daily UK High Temperatures Are Set At Junk Weather\u00a0Stations","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"14\/09\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The Met Office have sent me a list of the daily high temperatures so far this year and I have analysed them for the summer months by WMO Classifications, which they supplied last year.","rel":"","context":"In \"Met Office\"","block_context":{"text":"Met Office","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=met-office"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AQO6lfqCq8_SEKyE1oCpx81NcdaGmQDUGgsqDS8EpKtZWjIWNERw8nrBybzkh9Q5z-p6wFhnTkdVr6GHWpQeh_oUhaYSuXaZSKmbpQSaWhv6Fl0JS_e3sGyC0jwJYVH41rp6of7be1ZNpgf4SKR6NJPa1Omm9Q.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AQO6lfqCq8_SEKyE1oCpx81NcdaGmQDUGgsqDS8EpKtZWjIWNERw8nrBybzkh9Q5z-p6wFhnTkdVr6GHWpQeh_oUhaYSuXaZSKmbpQSaWhv6Fl0JS_e3sGyC0jwJYVH41rp6of7be1ZNpgf4SKR6NJPa1Omm9Q.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AQO6lfqCq8_SEKyE1oCpx81NcdaGmQDUGgsqDS8EpKtZWjIWNERw8nrBybzkh9Q5z-p6wFhnTkdVr6GHWpQeh_oUhaYSuXaZSKmbpQSaWhv6Fl0JS_e3sGyC0jwJYVH41rp6of7be1ZNpgf4SKR6NJPa1Omm9Q.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AQO6lfqCq8_SEKyE1oCpx81NcdaGmQDUGgsqDS8EpKtZWjIWNERw8nrBybzkh9Q5z-p6wFhnTkdVr6GHWpQeh_oUhaYSuXaZSKmbpQSaWhv6Fl0JS_e3sGyC0jwJYVH41rp6of7be1ZNpgf4SKR6NJPa1Omm9Q.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AQO6lfqCq8_SEKyE1oCpx81NcdaGmQDUGgsqDS8EpKtZWjIWNERw8nrBybzkh9Q5z-p6wFhnTkdVr6GHWpQeh_oUhaYSuXaZSKmbpQSaWhv6Fl0JS_e3sGyC0jwJYVH41rp6of7be1ZNpgf4SKR6NJPa1Omm9Q.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":269918,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=269918","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":1},"title":"Houston Recognizes They Have a Problem, the UHI.","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"28\/07\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"On Wednesday, July 25, ABC13 in Houston reported on the city\u2019s temperatures from new data that accounted for the\u00a0Urban Heat Island effect\u00a0(UHI) within the city and its surrounding suburbs. The results from the data show that Houston experiences a UHI impact of six degrees Fahrenheit or greater on any given\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Houston\"","block_context":{"text":"Houston","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=houston"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0urbanheatisland.jpg?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0urbanheatisland.jpg?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0urbanheatisland.jpg?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0urbanheatisland.jpg?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/0urbanheatisland.jpg?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":417267,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=417267","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":2},"title":"Wrong, Phys.org, Faulty Thermometers Aren\u2019t Evidence of a \u2018Climate Roller Coaster\u2019","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"13\/12\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Phys.org recently published \u201cGlobal warming amplifies extreme day-to-day temperature swings, study shows,\u201d reporting on a new study in Nature Climate Change which claims that human-caused warming is intensifying rapid day-to-day temperature fluctuations, in the process creating a new category of climate hazard. This is false.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/AQMF2RC5Jjji6Dch8PzY9wqxn3ftNQ_aF3yvJAIvmBTDh4pwINZnWSYWX8C_NV-wmkmLV7wy9TQFYmjMP5g8qHYDqbddPY38n64DIGhAT3j8F8Yc1p1AUYClmitVw-HUn9hQhjugba7wX8OJVoy_xC9OjBKQ.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/AQMF2RC5Jjji6Dch8PzY9wqxn3ftNQ_aF3yvJAIvmBTDh4pwINZnWSYWX8C_NV-wmkmLV7wy9TQFYmjMP5g8qHYDqbddPY38n64DIGhAT3j8F8Yc1p1AUYClmitVw-HUn9hQhjugba7wX8OJVoy_xC9OjBKQ.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/AQMF2RC5Jjji6Dch8PzY9wqxn3ftNQ_aF3yvJAIvmBTDh4pwINZnWSYWX8C_NV-wmkmLV7wy9TQFYmjMP5g8qHYDqbddPY38n64DIGhAT3j8F8Yc1p1AUYClmitVw-HUn9hQhjugba7wX8OJVoy_xC9OjBKQ.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/AQMF2RC5Jjji6Dch8PzY9wqxn3ftNQ_aF3yvJAIvmBTDh4pwINZnWSYWX8C_NV-wmkmLV7wy9TQFYmjMP5g8qHYDqbddPY38n64DIGhAT3j8F8Yc1p1AUYClmitVw-HUn9hQhjugba7wX8OJVoy_xC9OjBKQ.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/AQMF2RC5Jjji6Dch8PzY9wqxn3ftNQ_aF3yvJAIvmBTDh4pwINZnWSYWX8C_NV-wmkmLV7wy9TQFYmjMP5g8qHYDqbddPY38n64DIGhAT3j8F8Yc1p1AUYClmitVw-HUn9hQhjugba7wX8OJVoy_xC9OjBKQ.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":280654,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=280654","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":3},"title":"Summer warming 1895-2023 in U.S. cities exaggerated by 100% from the urban heat island effect","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"27\/09\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"We are now getting close to finalizing our methodology for computing the urban heat island (UHI) effect as a function of population density, and will be submitting our first paper for publication in the next few weeks. I\u2019ve settled on using the CONUS (Lower 48) U.S. region as a demonstration\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"1895-2023\"","block_context":{"text":"1895-2023","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=1895-2023"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/01895-2023-CONUS-JJA-time-series-for-blog-post.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/01895-2023-CONUS-JJA-time-series-for-blog-post.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/01895-2023-CONUS-JJA-time-series-for-blog-post.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/01895-2023-CONUS-JJA-time-series-for-blog-post.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/01895-2023-CONUS-JJA-time-series-for-blog-post.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":305514,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=305514","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":4},"title":"EXCLUSIVE: A Third of U.K. Met Office Temperature Stations May Be Wrong by Up to 5\u00b0C, FOI Reveals","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"02\/03\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Nearly one in three (29.2%) U.K. Met Office temperature measuring stations have an\u00a0internationally-defined\u00a0margin of error of up to 5\u00b0C.","rel":"","context":"In \"climate alarmism\"","block_context":{"text":"climate alarmism","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-alarmism"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0Weather-Heat-Sun-Hot-Thermometer-GENERIC-HD-12-18-08-18308437_577376_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0Weather-Heat-Sun-Hot-Thermometer-GENERIC-HD-12-18-08-18308437_577376_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0Weather-Heat-Sun-Hot-Thermometer-GENERIC-HD-12-18-08-18308437_577376_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0Weather-Heat-Sun-Hot-Thermometer-GENERIC-HD-12-18-08-18308437_577376_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0Weather-Heat-Sun-Hot-Thermometer-GENERIC-HD-12-18-08-18308437_577376_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":332273,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=332273","url_meta":{"origin":299364,"position":5},"title":"Met Office\u2019s Risible Claim of \u201cWarmest\u201d May Points to Massive Urban Heat Corruptions in Database","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/06\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Met Office\u2019s ridiculous claim that the U.K. had experienced its hottest ever May and spring provides further devastating proof that its temperature measuring operation is hopelessly corrupted by unnatural urban heat distortions. Maximum temperature in the three-month spring, likely to be set during the day, was only the fifth\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"climate alarmism\"","block_context":{"text":"climate alarmism","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-alarmism"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0Urban-Heat-Island-Effect-A162104504.jpg?fit=1200%2C638&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0Urban-Heat-Island-Effect-A162104504.jpg?fit=1200%2C638&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0Urban-Heat-Island-Effect-A162104504.jpg?fit=1200%2C638&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0Urban-Heat-Island-Effect-A162104504.jpg?fit=1200%2C638&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0Urban-Heat-Island-Effect-A162104504.jpg?fit=1200%2C638&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=299364"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":299375,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299364\/revisions\/299375"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/299373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=299364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=299364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=299364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}