{"id":291517,"date":"2023-12-16T15:29:27","date_gmt":"2023-12-16T14:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=291517"},"modified":"2023-12-16T15:29:30","modified_gmt":"2023-12-16T14:29:30","slug":"outcome-of-cop-28-just-the-facts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=291517","title":{"rendered":"Outcome Of COP 28 \u2013 Just The Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Contributed by Robert Lyman \u00a9 2023. Robert Lyman\u2019s bio can be read here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The 28th<\/sup>\u00a0Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from November 30 to December 13, 2023. According to various reports, more than 100,000 people attended the conference and its associated events.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Most of the outcomes of the conference are listed in the conference decision on the \u201cOutcome of the first global stocktake\u201d. The decision document is 21 pages of highly bureaucratic language mostly recalling past COP decisions and exhorting the Parties to increased efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the following summary of the conferences results, I will summarize them with reference to some of the key themes of the conference as set out by the Conference Chair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u201cStimulating a course correction for climate action\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Goal<\/em>: Using the recently completed global \u201cstock take\u201d on the performance  of countries to reduce emissions fast enough to meet the 1.5 degrees C. goal, the conference sought to bring political pressure to bear on countries urgently to adopt more stringent emission-reduction policies both pre-2030 and pre-2035.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These plans are called the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The UN \u201cstocktake\u201d was intended to be an assessment, based on the NDCs, and the measurement of GHG emissions reductions achieved to date, of how well the Parties were doing in seeking to reduce emissions so as to meet the aspirational goal of limiting the rise in average global temperature to no more than 1.5 degrees C. by 2100.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The stocktake \u201crecognized\u201d that \u201climiting warming to 1.5 degrees C. with no or limited overshoot requires peaking in global greenhouse gas emissions at the latest before 2025 and rapid, deep and sustained reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions of 43 per cent by 2030 and 60 per cent by 2035 relative to the 2019 level and to reach net zero CO2 emissions by 2050<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The NDC analysis found that GHG emission levels in 2030 are \u201clikely to be 5.3 per cent lower than in 2019 if all NDCs, including all conditional elements, are fully implemented and that enhanced financial resources, technology transfer and technical cooperation, and capacity-building support are as needed to support this<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The decision document \u201ccalled on the Parties\u201d voluntarily to make national efforts to do eight things:<\/p>\n\n\n\n