{"id":284889,"date":"2023-10-24T20:18:40","date_gmt":"2023-10-24T18:18:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284889"},"modified":"2023-10-24T20:18:44","modified_gmt":"2023-10-24T18:18:44","slug":"review-of-proposed-minimum-efficiency-standards-for-consumer-boilers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284889","title":{"rendered":"Review of Proposed Minimum Efficiency Standards for \u201cConsumer Boilers\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"371\" data-attachment-id=\"284892\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284892\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?fit=1282%2C659&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1282,659\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Shutterstock&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Double exposure graphic of business people working over wind turbine farm and green renewable energy worker interface. Concept of sustainability development by alternative energy.&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1566864000&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Copyright (c) 2019 Blue Planet Studio\/Shutterstock.  No use without permission.&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Double,Exposure,Graphic,Of,Business,People,Working,Over,Wind,Turbine&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Double,Exposure,Graphic,Of,Business,People,Working,Over,Wind,Turbine\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Double exposure graphic of business people working over wind turbine farm and green renewable energy worker interface. Concept of sustainability development by alternative energy.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?fit=723%2C371&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?resize=723%2C371&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?resize=1024%2C526&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?resize=300%2C154&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?resize=768%2C395&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?resize=1200%2C617&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?w=1282&amp;ssl=1 1282w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Double exposure graphic of business people working over wind turbine farm and green renewable energy worker interface. Concept of sustainability development by alternative energy.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Many governments have made promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuels with solar and wind generated electricity and to electrify the economy. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" data-attachment-id=\"284894\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284894\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,576\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0ib1-net-zero-1024&amp;#215;576-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?fit=723%2C407&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?resize=723%2C407&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0ib1-net-zero-1024x576-1.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Master Resource<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>By\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/about#m_krebs\">Mark Krebs<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cDOE\u2019s recent appliance efficiency \u2018determinations\u2019 are doing more harm than good for consumers and defy objectivity and transparency processes required by the Code of Federal Regulations (the Process Rule)\u2026. &nbsp;Accordingly, this program should be dismantled as DOE has once again proven itself to be unworthy of objectively and transparently serving the best interests of American consumers.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This post updates my September 19th&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/update-doe-appliance-standards\/\">analysis<\/a>&nbsp;to examine just-filed comments in opposition to the U.S. Department of Energy\u2019s hell-bent strategy of mandating less choice and higher costs for consumers in return for specious benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Background<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On August 13, 2023, DOE\u2019s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) posted a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/document\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0049\">Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for \u201cconsumer\u201d boilers<\/a>.&nbsp; The comment period ended on October 13<sup>th<\/sup>, 2023.&nbsp; This NOPR, if finalized, would ban common gas-fired hot water boilers by requiring an AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency) of 95%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/energysaver\/furnaces-and-boilers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">According to Energy.gov<\/a>, a high-efficiency heating system has an AFUE rating of 90% to 98.5%. Such premium efficiencies come at a premium cost, especially in the replacement market where most of these &nbsp;dependable and long-lasting non-condensing boiler technologies are common.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>My Comments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I have been documenting EERE\u2019s misdeeds for more than a decade in scores of filings publicly available through regulation.gov.&nbsp;Additionally, I have disclosed scores of articles further documenting these misdeeds for the past decade that are publicly available through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/category\/krebs-mark\/\">my archives at MasterResource<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reason for these inclusions is not for EERE; but for the benefit of elected and appointed lawmakers who may intervene in cleaning up the mess that the enabling legislation, the Energy Conservation and Policy Act (EPCA), created (unwittingly or otherwise) that increasingly harm ordinary consumers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to the added purchase expenses of high-end condensing furnaces, all such homes would require costly new boiler exhaust systems and cause potential problems for any non-condensing heating systems \u201cstranded\u201d on the existing non-condensing exhaust systems (i.e., typical gas-storage water heaters).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Condensing technologies are also much more complicated, requiring additional maintenance and repair costs that can easily wipe out EERE\u2019s claimed savings from reduced gas bills. Basically, high-end boilers are computer controlled. One failed motherboard component means a replacement. If such a failure occurs out-of-warranty, the fix is a new motherboard that can exceed the life-cycle savings estimated by EERE in this docket, savings of about $350 per year on average. Condensing boiler heat exchangers also don\u2019t last nearly as long.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some manufacturers claim that condensing boiler heat exchanges will only last 10 years, as opposed to the 27+ years claimed by EERE.&nbsp; Additionally, EERE\u2019s meager $350 savings are highly inflated (by about 70%) due to &nbsp;claimed Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) reductions and nebulous \u201chealth benefits,\u201d both of which are highly contested by independent science.&nbsp; At least arguably, EPCA never intended for these concocted benefits to be included, let alone given greater weight than reduced consumer utility costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Given these one-sided factors (and more discussed below), EERE claims a highly dubious 2.7-year simple payback.&nbsp; It should also be noted that DOE has never based its \u201cdeterminations\u201d upon any semblance of actual installation histories.&nbsp; Instead, EERE relies on a variety of biased analytical&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apparatchik\">apparatchik<\/a>&nbsp;that defy (by design) independent verification largely through biased forecasts with results averaged into oblivion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even more audacious is the fact that EERE is repeating the same manipulative&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monte_Carlo_method\">Monte Carlo<\/a>&nbsp;\u201crandom assignment\u201d methodologies that DOE was recently admonished for using by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit where the Court&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cadc.uscourts.gov\/internet\/opinions.nsf\/424394C36D641B82852587CE00554495\/$file\/20-1068-1930930.pdf\">remanded<\/a>&nbsp;DOE\u2019s final rule for commercial boilers.&nbsp; By once again repeating this severe analytical cheat documented within the Court\u2019s order, it further indicates DOE\u2019s ongoing contempt for analytical objectivity and transparency that (at least arguably) shows contempt for the Court\u2019s ruling.<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;<\/strong>The essence of this \u201crandom assignment\u201d cheat is this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>&nbsp;\u2013 that base case purchasing decisions are never influenced by the economics of potential investments in Standards-Compliant products regardless of the economic stakes involved\u2013 is indefensible<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftn2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DOE\u2019s recent appliance efficiency \u201cdeterminations\u201d are doing more harm than good for consumers and defy objectivity and transparency processes required by the Code of Federal Regulations at 10 CFR 430 Appendix A to Subpart C (a.k.a., the \u201cProcess Rule\u201d). &nbsp;But it\u2019s a massive win for EERE\u2019s radical \u201celectrify everything\u201d cult, their well-funded minions and the \u201cadministrative state\u201d they collectively serve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Accordingly, this program should be dismantled as DOE has once again proven itself to be unworthy of objectively and transparently serving the best interests of American consumers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comments filed in opposition to EERE\u2019s NOPR for \u201cconsumer\u201d boilers posted after October 13 deadline:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gas Analytic &amp; Advocacy Services (GAAS):&nbsp; ID&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0075\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0075<\/strong><\/a><br>These are my comments as summarized above.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PHCC (Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors\u2014National Association) Consumer Boiler: ID&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0088\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0088<\/strong><\/a><br>As expected from a contractor trade association, PHCC provided an excellent real world rebuttal to DOE\u2019s artificial lowballing of installation costs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Burnham Holdings LLC (BHI):&nbsp; ID&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0074\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0074<\/strong><\/a><br>BHI is the parent of several boiler manufacturers.&nbsp; Their 179-pages of comments detailed how EERE is not following its own rules and did an exceptional job refuting EERE\u2019s claimed boiler life expectancy of 26.9 years.&nbsp; BHI also laid waste the EERE\u2019s shipment assumptions along with many more that collectively over-estimated claimed economics (as usual).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Joint States Attorneys General (AG):&nbsp; ID&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0076\">EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0076<\/a><\/strong>. 21 State AG\u2019s filed joint comments opposing EERE\u2019s NOPR on the basis of ignoring numerous policies (such as Federalism) violation of EPCA, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HARDI (Heating, Air-conditioning &amp; Refrigeration Distributors International) comments DOE Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Boilers: ID&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0079\">EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0079<\/a><br>HARDI\u2019s comments oppose EERE\u2019s NOPR on the basis of violating both EPCA and the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA).&nbsp; HARDI\u2019s comments also refute EERE\u2019s claims for positive consumer benefits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Energy Marketers of America (EMA):&nbsp; ID&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0087\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0087<\/strong><\/a><br>EMA is a federation of 48 state and regional trade associations representing family-owned and operated small business energy marketers throughout the United States.&nbsp; EMA opposes EERE\u2019s NOPR because it fails to meet the criteria set forth in EPCA for new and amended conservation standards, are not technically feasible and cannot be economically justified due to the economic burden it will place on manufacturers and consumers alike. Finally, the NOPR will not result in significant energy savings since older inefficient systems will likely remain in operation without any alternative equipment that most consumers can afford.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0089\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0089<\/strong><\/a><br>Joint gas industry commenters include the American Gas Association (AGA) , the American Public Gas Association (APGA), the National Propane Gas Association (NPGA), and Spire, Inc.&nbsp; Their comments are outlined and addressed as follows:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The proposed standard violates the unavailability provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (\u201cEPCA\u201d).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOE\u2019s analysis seriously mischaracterizes the boiler market and there are fundamental errors in how DOE analyzed installation costs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOE\u2019s use of random assignment systematically skews the results of the economic analyses that underpin the proposal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOE\u2019s analysis is based on an unreasonable assessment of the facts relevant to boiler installations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOE\u2019s proposal will negatively impact American manufacturing and jobs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The above \u201crandom assignment\u201d methodology is highlighted because it indicates that EERE is ignoring the admonishment they recently were dealt for their Final Rule for commercial boilers which, as I described earlier, was remanded by United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.&nbsp; I call that contempt. If this docket for \u201cconsumer\u201d boilers is finalized, it stands a good chance that the court will also view it as contemptuous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The joint gas industry comments also included a two-part (561 pages in total) attachment that provides an exhaustive history of related filings, many of which I wrote hile employed by Spire. This filing and its attachment indicate that the joint gas industry plans on appealing should this NOPR be finalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AHRI (Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute ): ID&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0086\"><strong>EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0086<\/strong><\/a>AHRI\u2019s 29 pages of comments covered a lot of ground. What I found most intriguing was the following discussion under the heading \u201c<strong>DOE Should Account for Uncertainty Around its Estimates<\/strong>\u201d at page 19.&nbsp; Excerpts follow:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The calculations in the LCC contain at least 18 independent variables (Table 1), each of which DOE has estimated in some fashion. In its peer review report, the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine specifically recommended that DOE account accurately for the uncertainty and variability and that \u201cthe uncertainty or variability the parameters represent should be compounded or propagated\u2014properly accounting for any correlations\u2014 throughout the calculation.\u201d<sup>25<\/sup>&nbsp;While DOE has attempted to understand and account for variability in some of these variables, it has not and does not account for the uncertainty around its estimates. AHRI questions whether DOE\u2019s estimates are accurate.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AHRI then goes on to list such variables.&nbsp; It\u2019s a long list, taking up the next page and a half. The intriguing part for me personally is that EERE\u2019s initial advisory panel, back in the mid \u201890\u2019s, (that I was appointed to) made similar observations and recommendations.&nbsp; Basically, we advised EERE to provide stakeholders the capability to independently perform \u201cwhat-if\u201d scenarios around such variables. What we got was EERE\u2019s adoption of \u201cCrystal Ball\u201d which is high-end proprietary Monte Carlo software that EERE used to obscure, rather than illuminate, sensitivity analyses. This is the same software that EERE still uses for the aforementioned \u201crandom assignment\u201d methodologies to falsely \u201cdetermine\u201d consumer benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There were also several anonymous comments opposing this NOPR.&nbsp; And of course, there were the usual suspects commenting in favor of this NOPR.&nbsp; There were also a few comments that were difficult to say whether they were for or against the NOPR.&nbsp; One of these was Rheem Manufacturing Company: ID&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0080\">EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0080<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rheem comments elected to address EERE\u2019s list of questions.&nbsp;One of these questions and Rheem\u2019s reply indicates they support EERE\u2019s \u226595% AFUE proposal and mission (\u201ccreep\u201d) towards minimizing CO2 as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>14. DOE requests comments on its approach for developing efficiency trends beyond 2030.<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;Rheem supports the \u226595% AFUE proposed by DOE for gas-fired hot water boilers. If finalized, the only significant increase in energy efficiency beyond 2030 would be with heat pump technology. Rheem understands that there are two main goals of the appliance standards program: 1) to reduce energy use and 2)&nbsp;<a>to reduce greenhouse gas emissions<\/a>, both in a responsible way that preserves consumer choice and product utility. Rheem recommends DOE evaluate hydrogen blends and full hydrogen boilers, which could reduce energy use while almost fully eliminating greenhouse gas emissions.,<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I guess I overlooked the section under EPCA that EERE\u2019s mission includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions. But I agree that EERE has unilaterally made it their mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rheem (inadvertently?) provided a useful \u201cheads up\u201d that warrants discussion as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Rheem notes that the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is set to propose a rule<sup>11<\/sup>&nbsp;to establish a safety standard for residential gas-fired furnaces and boilers.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Footnote 11 provides the reference:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CPSC Carbon Monoxide Rulemaking Docket:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/docket\/CPSC-2019-0020\">https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/docket\/CPSC-2019-0020<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following links are to CPSC meetings covering this matter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PyWrgNOoomg&amp;authuser=0\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PyWrgNOoomg&amp;authuser=0<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=woAZspbJ2Yc&amp;authuser=0\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=woAZspbJ2Yc&amp;authuser=0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Personally, I wasn\u2019t aware of this situation within the CPSC, but it sounds to me like more of the SOS that started all the controversy over gas cooking and woke the sleeping giant that justly is the American consumer.&nbsp; Unfortunately, the comment period is long ended and the CPSC is pondering its next move.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, the number of commenters in opposition well exceeded those in favor. Regardless, I expect EERE will finalize this NOPR (with some minor adjustments perhaps) and then the 60-day window starts under the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/administrative_procedure_act\">Administrative Procedures Act<\/a>&nbsp;to challenge a Final Rule.&nbsp; If litigated, I hope that my articles will help make the case that EERE deserves no legal deference and, instead, should be sunsetted, or at least their appliance efficiency standards program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since this article is an update, there are four more news items worthy of mention.&nbsp; These are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/policy\/energy-environment\/4250325-supreme-court-biden-challenge-carbon-cost-rule\/\"><strong>Supreme Court passes on red state challenge to Biden \u2018social cost of carbon\u2019 rule<\/strong><\/a><br>Most online news entities have a version of this.&nbsp; The recurring theme is that the \u201cred\u201d states failed to adequately show harm. In other words, showing harm that is yet to come doesn\u2019t count.&nbsp; Although I have some ideas of my own, I ask MasterResource readers to list in the comments section below any historical examples of historic harm that may qualify.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AGA, APGA and NPGA File Legal Challenge to the DOE Final Rule for Commercial Water Heating<\/strong><br>On October 5<sup>th<\/sup>, EERE issued a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/document\/EERE-2021-BT-STD-0027-0042\">final rule<\/a>&nbsp;requiring more stringent energy efficiency standards for commercial water heaters. It requires gas-fired storage water heaters to have a 95% thermal efficiency (condensing) and 96% thermal efficiency for gas-fired instantaneous water heaters. On October 13<sup>th<\/sup>, AGA, APGA, and NPGA filed a petition with the US Court of Appeals for DC challenging the DOE CWH Final Rule. This is very good news as it indicates that gas industry trade associations are getting better organized and have a willingness to fight for both their customers\u2019 free choice and their own interests for staying in business. &nbsp;For a copy of the filing (USCA Case #23-1285 Document #2021854) click&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2023-10-13-Petition-For-Review-dckt-dated-version-1.pdf\">here<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/co2coalition.org\/tag\/a-climate-conversation\/\"><strong>Climate Documentary Debuts on Newsmax<\/strong><\/a>A professional attempt (but not the first<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>) at opening the long overdue debate regarding the \u201cclimate crisis.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>National Propane Gas Association et. al. sue the State of New York over pending gas ban<br><\/strong>An official press release is located here:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npga.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/NY-Gas-Ban-Press-Release_FINAL-1.pdf\">NY Lawsuit<\/a><br>The legal filing is located here:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npga.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2023-10-12-Complaint-Mulhern-Gas-v-Rodriguez.pdf\">NY Complaint<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;DOE misuse of \u201crandom assignment,\u201d and the vast implications thereof, is technically complicated to put it mildly.&nbsp; The Joint gas industry comments (ID&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/comment\/EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0089\">EERE-2019-BT-STD-0036-0089<\/a>) provide a detailed explanation of this analytical cheat.&nbsp; WARNING: Explaining the deeply complex devil-in-the-details of \u201crandom assignment\u201d constitutes half of the 35 pages of the joint gas industry\u2019s filing (starting at page 11 and ending at page 28).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>&nbsp;Ibid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eelegal.org\/policy-2\/#ElectrificationReport\">https:\/\/eelegal.org\/policy-2\/#ElectrificationReport<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/krebs-mark\/review-proposed-efficiency-consumer-boilers\/#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.friendsofscience.org\/2021\/12\/21\/the-cost-of-net-zero-electrification-of-the-u-s-a\/\">https:\/\/blog.friendsofscience.org\/2021\/12\/21\/the-cost-of-net-zero-electrification-of-the-u-s-a\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Mark Krebs, a mechanical engineer and energy policy consultant, has been involved with energy efficiency design and program evaluation for over thirty years. Mark has served as an expert witness in dozens of State energy efficiency proceedings, has been an advisor to DOE and has submitted scores of Federal energy-efficiency filings. His many MasterResource posts on natural gas vs. electricity and \u201cDeep Decarbonization\u201d federal policy can be found\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.masterresource.org\/category\/krebs-mark\/\"><em>here<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many governments have made promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuels with solar and wind generated electricity and to electrify the economy. From\u00a0Master Resource By\u00a0Mark Krebs \u201cDOE\u2019s recent appliance efficiency \u2018determinations\u2019 are doing more harm than good for consumers and defy objectivity and transparency processes required by the Code of Federal Regulations [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":284892,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Many governments have made promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuels with solar and wind generated electricity and to electrify the economy. ","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821532,691818076,691823962,691823961,691818154],"class_list":{"0":"post-284889","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-carbon-monoxide","9":"tag-co2","10":"tag-condensing-boiler","11":"tag-energy-conservation-and-policy-act-epca","12":"tag-net-zero","14":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0-Net-Zero-47.jpg?fit=1282%2C659&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1c6Z","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":310003,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=310003","url_meta":{"origin":284889,"position":0},"title":"The heat pump fantasy is dead \u2013 only our blinkered elites haven\u2019t noticed","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/03\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Heat pumps, for example, weren\u2019t just supposed to decarbonise home heating and thereby save the planet; they were all going to slash our bills as we switched from expensive gas to cheap-as-chips renewable energy from wind and solar farms.","rel":"","context":"In \"decarbonise\"","block_context":{"text":"decarbonise","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=decarbonise"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0C95cvfDxw3fvpaU9L9qXwb-1200-80.jpg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0C95cvfDxw3fvpaU9L9qXwb-1200-80.jpg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0C95cvfDxw3fvpaU9L9qXwb-1200-80.jpg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0C95cvfDxw3fvpaU9L9qXwb-1200-80.jpg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/0C95cvfDxw3fvpaU9L9qXwb-1200-80.jpg?fit=1200%2C674&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":362631,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=362631","url_meta":{"origin":284889,"position":1},"title":"Miliband Admits Heat Pumps May Never Be Cheaper Than Gas\u00a0Boilers","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/01\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Ed Miliband has admitted that heat pumps may always be more expensive than gas boilers. Sales of heat pumps remain pitifully low, despite \u00a37500 subsidies on offer. Government targets of 600,000 sales a year are pie in the sky,with the public at large unconvinced of the benefits.","rel":"","context":"In \"Energy Secretary Ed Miliband\"","block_context":{"text":"Energy Secretary Ed Miliband","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=energy-secretary-ed-miliband"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0outdoor-heat-pumps-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0outdoor-heat-pumps-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0outdoor-heat-pumps-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0outdoor-heat-pumps-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0outdoor-heat-pumps-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":259313,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=259313","url_meta":{"origin":284889,"position":2},"title":"New Energy Price\u00a0Cap","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"27\/05\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The new energy price cap is out, and as I predicted a few months ago, prices have fallen significantly, reflecting easing international gas prices","rel":"","context":"In \"Heat pumps\"","block_context":{"text":"Heat pumps","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=heat-pumps"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/00renewables.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/00renewables.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/00renewables.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/00renewables.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/00renewables.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":372701,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=372701","url_meta":{"origin":284889,"position":3},"title":"Fast Track to Poverty: Green\u00a0Energy","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"29\/03\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"A leaked government analysis\u00a0has found that\u00a0Net Zero could crash the economy,\u00a0reducing GDP by a massive 10% by 2030. Yet the spectacular thing about this analysis is that it expects this to happen\u00a0not if Net Zero fails\u2014but if it succeeds.\u00a0In effect, it is saying that if the government\u00a0really\u00a0does force us to\u00a0give\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Economic growth\"","block_context":{"text":"Economic growth","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=economic-growth"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0iStock-1367272988.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0iStock-1367272988.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0iStock-1367272988.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0iStock-1367272988.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 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tax","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=boiler-tax"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0Screenshot-2025-01-15-221019.jpeg?fit=1200%2C715&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0Screenshot-2025-01-15-221019.jpeg?fit=1200%2C715&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0Screenshot-2025-01-15-221019.jpeg?fit=1200%2C715&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0Screenshot-2025-01-15-221019.jpeg?fit=1200%2C715&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0Screenshot-2025-01-15-221019.jpeg?fit=1200%2C715&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":344654,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=344654","url_meta":{"origin":284889,"position":5},"title":"The boiler tax is just the start of Labour\u2019s energy\u00a0catastrophe","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"26\/09\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"We already know that there will be a steep rise in capital gains tax in the horror Budget that is planned for next month.","rel":"","context":"In \"boiler tax\"","block_context":{"text":"boiler tax","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=boiler-tax"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0How-Forgetting-the-Clocks-Going-Back-Could-Leave-You-In-The-Cold-7-1536x777-1-1024x518.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0How-Forgetting-the-Clocks-Going-Back-Could-Leave-You-In-The-Cold-7-1536x777-1-1024x518.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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