{"id":284243,"date":"2023-10-20T21:03:33","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T19:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284243"},"modified":"2023-10-20T21:03:36","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T19:03:36","slug":"follow-the-climate-money-updated","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284243","title":{"rendered":"Follow the Climate Money\u00a0Updated"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"542\" data-attachment-id=\"284254\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284254\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?fit=1979%2C1484&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1979,1484\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-545\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?fit=723%2C542&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=723%2C542&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=600%2C450&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?w=1979&amp;ssl=1 1979w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-545.png?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>\u201cThe bilateral and multilateral inflows are a more accurate indication of contributor country budgetary effort, whereas the outflows are a more accurate indication of actual progress towards the $100bn goal.\u201d <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"284256\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284256\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?fit=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-546\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"http:\/\/rclutz.com\/\">Science Matters<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rclutz.com\/author\/ronaldrc\/\">Ron Clutz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"477\" data-attachment-id=\"284244\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284244\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?fit=833%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"833,549\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0climate-finance-flows-2019\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?fit=723%2C477&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?resize=723%2C477&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?w=833&amp;ssl=1 833w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?resize=300%2C198&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-flows-2019.png?resize=768%2C506&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbonbrief.org\/analysis-why-climate-finance-flows-are-falling-short-of-100bn-pledge\/\"><strong>Why climate-finance \u2018flows\u2019 are falling short of $100bn pledge<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp; is an informative article from CarbonBrief.&nbsp; Excerpts below in italics followed by a comment from Bjorn Lomborg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>One of the biggest and most contentious issues in climate politics<\/strong>&nbsp;is the provision of<strong>&nbsp;money to help poorer countries<\/strong>&nbsp;cut emissions and protect themselves from climate impacts.&nbsp; In&nbsp;<strong>2009, wealthy nations pledged<\/strong>&nbsp;to \u201cmobilise\u201d&nbsp;<strong>$100bn in \u201cclimate finance\u201d annually by 2020<\/strong>&nbsp;to help vulnerable nations deal with climate change.&nbsp; As the title notes, even now the target has not been met.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Politicians and observers have warned that<strong>&nbsp;this failure could undermine trust between nations<\/strong>&nbsp;as they head into negotiations in Dubai. What is&nbsp;<strong>more<\/strong>, there are widespread&nbsp;<strong>concerns about the quality of finance being offered<\/strong>, with questions surrounding the use of&nbsp;<strong>loans instead of grants,<\/strong>&nbsp;different definitions of \u201cclimate finance\u201d and&nbsp;<strong>insufficient funding for adaptation<\/strong>&nbsp;efforts.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>In this article, which updates and builds on a previous analysis published in 2018, Carbon Brief assesses the state of international climate finance as nations prepare for the next COP.&nbsp; It uses<strong>&nbsp;the latest numbers<\/strong>&nbsp;collated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development<strong>&nbsp;(OECD)<\/strong>, a club of mostly wealthy nations, many of which are responsible for contributing climate finance.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The OECD,<\/strong>&nbsp;a Paris-based intergovernmental economic organisation, asks its&nbsp;<strong>36 member countries to report on their foreign aid, including climate finance<\/strong>. The data captures climate finance that is both&nbsp;<strong>bilateral (country to country) and multilateral (via international institutions)<\/strong>&nbsp;It also gives detailed information about funded projects. (The OECD calls this database&nbsp;<strong>\u201cclimate-related development finance\u201d<\/strong>&nbsp;rather than strictly climate finance).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.giphy.com\/media\/xTkcExjXuOJj69fVv2\/200w.webp?w=723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key takeaways from 2015-2016 Report<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Donor governments gave climate finance totalling $34bn in 2015 and $37bn in 2016, according to OECD estimates (note that this is&nbsp;<strong>not a full estimate of money<\/strong>&nbsp;counting towards the $100bn pledge \u2013 see below for more).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>Japan<\/strong>&nbsp;was the largest donor, giving $10.3bn per year (bn\/yr) on average over the two years. It was followed, in order, by Germany, France, the UK and the US.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>India<\/strong>&nbsp;was the largest recipient on average, receiving $2.6bn\/yr. It was followed, in order, by Bangladesh, Vietnam, the Philippines and Thailand<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The<strong>&nbsp;single largest \u201ccountry-to-country\u201d flow<\/strong>&nbsp;was an average yearly $1.6bn from Japan to India.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The US was the top contributor to the multilateral<strong>&nbsp;Green Climate Fund<\/strong>&nbsp;(GCF) in 2016. (However, the US has now ended its support for the GCF).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Around $16bn\/yr went to\u00a0<strong>mitigation-only projects<\/strong>, compared to $9bn for adaptation-only projects.<\/em><br><em>Around 42% of the finance consisted of<strong>\u00a0\u201cdebt instruments\u201d<\/strong>, such as loans.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"505\" data-attachment-id=\"284246\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284246\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?fit=783%2C547&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"783,547\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?fit=723%2C505&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?resize=723%2C505&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?w=783&amp;ssl=1 783w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?resize=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/0climate-finance-missed-targets-2020.png?resize=768%2C537&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key takeaways from 2018-2019 Report<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>In 2019, the OECD found that&nbsp;<strong>climate finance had reached $79.6bn, up just 2% from 2018<\/strong>, and while official figures for 2020 are not yet available, Bloomberg reported that rich countries reckon they had raised $88-90bn, as of October 2021.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The&nbsp;<strong>shares attributed to countries<\/strong>&nbsp;are based on analysis by the<strong>&nbsp;World Resources Institute (WRI)<\/strong>&nbsp;of bilateral and multilateral&nbsp;<strong>development funds that can be traced to Annex II nations<\/strong>. These roughly align with the OECD\u2019s figures, which are not broken down by country but, like the WRI\u2019s, are partly derived from Annex II nations\u2019 reports to the UNFCCC.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The remaining finance, indicated by the<strong>&nbsp;grey bars in the chart above, is made up of export credits,<\/strong>&nbsp;additional&nbsp;<strong>outflows from multilateral institutions and<\/strong>, most of all,<strong>&nbsp;private contributions<\/strong>&nbsp;by businesses and philanthropic groups (this is an approximation based on the OECD\u2019s total values with the WRI estimates removed).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>Private funds<\/strong>&nbsp;count towards the $100bn target, but the WRI did not include them in its analysis as the&nbsp;<strong>data is less complete and difficult to attribute to individual nations<\/strong>. The OECD&nbsp;<strong>estimates<\/strong>&nbsp;that annual private finance has been&nbsp;<strong>stable at around $14bn since 2017.<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>The&nbsp;<strong>top five finance providers \u2013 Japan, Germany, France, the UK and the US \u2013 have remained the same<\/strong>&nbsp;since Carbon Brief\u2019s last analysis for 2015\/16. These five nations contributed more than 60% of the 2018\/19 finance.&nbsp; While Japan, Germany and France appear to be by far the biggest contributors, the WRI warns that the&nbsp;<strong>lack of clarity around climate finance reporting<\/strong>&nbsp;means the numbers should be approached with caution.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>As in Carbon Brief\u2019s previous analysis,&nbsp;<strong>India was by far the biggest recipient<\/strong>&nbsp;of climate finance, with more than double the funds received by the n<strong>ext largest, Bangladesh.<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Japan and Germany provided about 94% of the funds to India, almost all in the form of loans.<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Implications<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Climate finance&nbsp;<strong>figures are widely contested,<\/strong>&nbsp;with many global-south nations questioning<strong>&nbsp;how much funding is new and not simply diverted<\/strong>&nbsp;from other development funds. Criticism has also been levelled at the<strong>&nbsp;overreliance on loans<\/strong>&nbsp;and the inclusion of&nbsp;<strong>support for \u201chigh-efficiency\u201d coal plants<\/strong>&nbsp;by Japan and Australia.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>A recent assessment prepared by the<strong>&nbsp;UNFCCC\u2019s Standing Committee on Finance<\/strong>&nbsp;concluded that&nbsp;<strong>developing countries require $5.8-5.9tn up to 2030<\/strong>&nbsp;in order to&nbsp;<strong>fund less than half of the actions outlined<\/strong>&nbsp;in their official climate plans \u2013 although some of this would be funded domestically.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This year\u2019s negotiations are likely to spark<strong>&nbsp;calls for a significant scaling up of finance<\/strong>, although the slow pace of proceedings means that, for the time being, the focus of new goal discussions will primarily be on agreeing a framework for future talks.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nevertheless, there are\u00a0<strong>various issues that could be on the table<\/strong>\u00a0during this next phase, including ensuring that more money is spent on adaptation.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"262\" data-attachment-id=\"284248\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284248\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?fit=350%2C262&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"350,262\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-542\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?fit=350%2C262&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?resize=350%2C262&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284248\" style=\"width:428px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?w=350&amp;ssl=1 350w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-542.png?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Paris Agreement specifies that climate finance should aim for an even split between these two categories, but<strong>&nbsp;funding has long been skewed towards mitigation.<\/strong>&nbsp;According to Jan Kowalzig, a senior policy adviser at Oxfam, governments often tend to view such projects as more attractive investments:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cSince&nbsp;<strong>[mitigation projects] often have to do with energy<\/strong>, they seem to be more directly linked to a country\u2018s development, even though, of course, this is a huge<strong>&nbsp;misconception given the central (but, for politicians, often less visible) role of adaptation.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Of the roughly $40bn average for the&nbsp;<strong>2018\/19 period, 39% of money went on mitigation, while just 25% went on adaptation<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 a slightly more even split than was recorded in Carbon Brief\u2019s previous analysis for 2015\/16.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>However,&nbsp;<strong>other estimates,<\/strong>&nbsp;including the OECD\u2019s own climate finance report, suggest a more pronounced split, with around&nbsp;<strong>three times as much finance going to mitigation<\/strong>&nbsp;than adaptation in 2018 and 2019.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This imbalance is&nbsp;<strong>a major concern amid rapidly escalating climate costs<\/strong>. The UN Environment Programme places current annual adaptation costs for \u201cdeveloping countries\u201d at $70bn, but says they will reach $140-300bn by 2030.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Ensuring adequate adaptation finance<\/strong>\u00a0in the coming years is, therefore, seen by many vulnerable nations as a key priority for post-2025 climate finance plans as they are developed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"614\" height=\"425\" data-attachment-id=\"284250\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284250\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-543.png?fit=614%2C425&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"614,425\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-543\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-543.png?fit=614%2C425&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-543.png?resize=614%2C425&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284250\" style=\"width:760px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-543.png?w=614&amp;ssl=1 614w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-543.png?resize=300%2C208&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Climate Money Could Be Better Spent<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bjorn Lomborg<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/in-theory\/wp\/2016\/09\/19\/when-it-comes-to-climate-change-lets-get-our-priorities-straight\/?noredirect=on&amp;utm_term=.996cb759b3a3\"><strong>When it comes to climate change, let\u2019s get our priorities straight<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>We must also bear in mind that&nbsp;<strong>global warming is not the planet\u2019s only challenge<\/strong>. We often hear that it is the defining issue of our time, but it is no such thing. By the 2070s, the IPCC \u2014 the U.N. climate change panel \u2014 estimates that warming will cost between 0.2 and 2 percent of global GDP. This is certainly a problem, but not the end of world.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Speaking of climate change in catastrophic terms easily makes us ignore bigger problems, including malnutrition, tuberculosis, malaria and corruption. The World Health Organization estimates that climate change since the 1970s causes about 140,000 additional deaths each year, and toward the middle of the century will kill 250,000 people annually, mostly in poor countries. This pales in comparison with<strong>&nbsp;much deadlier environmental problems such as indoor air pollution<\/strong>, claiming 4.3 million lives annually,&nbsp;<strong>outdoor air pollution<\/strong>&nbsp;killing 3.7 million and&nbsp;<strong>lack of water and sanitation<\/strong>&nbsp;killing 760,000. Outside of environment, the problems are even bigger:&nbsp;<strong>Poverty<\/strong>&nbsp;arguably kills 18 million each year.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Every dollar spent on climate change could instead help save many more people from these more tractable problems.<\/strong>&nbsp;The current approach to subsidize solar and wind arguably saves one life across the century for every $4 million spent \u2014 the same expenditure on vaccinations could save 4,000 lives. Each person \u2014 and the next president \u2014 needs to decide his or her legacy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Postscript: Financing for Climate Aid is a Fraction of the Full Cost of Climate Crisis Inc.<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"894\" data-attachment-id=\"284251\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284251\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?fit=800%2C989&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,989\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-544\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?fit=723%2C894&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?resize=723%2C894&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?resize=243%2C300&amp;ssl=1 243w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-544.png?resize=768%2C949&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A fuller accounting of the climate crisis industry more likely exceeds 2,000,000,000,000 US$ per year (2 Trillion)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cThe bilateral and multilateral inflows are a more accurate indication of contributor country budgetary effort, whereas the outflows are a more accurate indication of actual progress towards the $100bn goal.\u201d From Science Matters By\u00a0Ron Clutz Why climate-finance \u2018flows\u2019 are falling short of $100bn pledge&nbsp; is an informative article from CarbonBrief.&nbsp; Excerpts below in italics followed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":284256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"\u201cThe bilateral and multilateral inflows are a more accurate indication of contributor country budgetary effort, whereas the outflows are a more accurate indication of actual progress towards the $100bn goal.\u201d ","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691821122,691823821,691823822,691820492],"class_list":{"0":"post-284243","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-climate-finance","9":"tag-climate-finance-delivery-plan","10":"tag-climate-money","11":"tag-paris-agreement","13":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-546.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1bWz","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":280265,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=280265","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":0},"title":"James Cleverly Needs $4 Trillion a Year For His Sustainable Development\u00a0Goals!","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"24\/09\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"British Foreign Secretary James Cleverly announced this week that the UK will push to unlock global finance and help developing countries invest to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).","rel":"","context":"In \"$4 Trillion\"","block_context":{"text":"$4 Trillion","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=4-trillion"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0davidpol_1522356023_UN-SDG-GBRIonline-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C632&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0davidpol_1522356023_UN-SDG-GBRIonline-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C632&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0davidpol_1522356023_UN-SDG-GBRIonline-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C632&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0davidpol_1522356023_UN-SDG-GBRIonline-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C632&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/0davidpol_1522356023_UN-SDG-GBRIonline-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C632&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":287817,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=287817","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":1},"title":"Claim: $5.9 Trillion Government Money Grab Required for Climate Action","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"13\/11\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"From Watts Up With That? Essay by Eric Worrall According to the Lowy Institute, \u201cMisplaced faith in private sector solutions delays the redistribution of trillions\u2026\u201d Private finance cannot lead the global response to climate change ARTH MISHRA\u00a0CONNOR O\u2019BRIEN Misplaced faith in private sector solutions delays the redistributionof trillions from developed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate change\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate change","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-change"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0Screenshot-2023-11-13-175309.png?fit=1200%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0Screenshot-2023-11-13-175309.png?fit=1200%2C580&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0Screenshot-2023-11-13-175309.png?fit=1200%2C580&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0Screenshot-2023-11-13-175309.png?fit=1200%2C580&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/0Screenshot-2023-11-13-175309.png?fit=1200%2C580&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":226448,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=226448","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":2},"title":"Developing Nations Want $1.3 Trillion A Year","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"30\/10\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Most of the world\u2019s developing countries have backed a demand for wealthy nations to channel at least $1.3 trillion in climate finance to them annually starting in 2030, the opening salvo in one of the most contentious negotiating topics at the COP26 climate summit.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/0image-131.png?fit=1024%2C443&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/0image-131.png?fit=1024%2C443&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/0image-131.png?fit=1024%2C443&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/0image-131.png?fit=1024%2C443&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":414086,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=414086","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":3},"title":"COP30 Demands $1.3 Trillion \/ Year, $3.2 Trillion by 2035","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"21\/11\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"If the climate cash doesn\u2019t arrive on time, demand more money?","rel":"","context":"In \"$1.3 trillion a year\"","block_context":{"text":"$1.3 trillion a year","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=1-3-trillion-a-year"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0AQO3J7syICTURDr04nuzDp7xaPj6NQqyE9PEq-7WrtKxR7CYW8fOsbYErHlGeXE-9ItKJehYFREheVU1Ug3QN07UhixMlDopKqRS2HoYlK-bAU3mLl_eCuLezUWUk4MR-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0AQO3J7syICTURDr04nuzDp7xaPj6NQqyE9PEq-7WrtKxR7CYW8fOsbYErHlGeXE-9ItKJehYFREheVU1Ug3QN07UhixMlDopKqRS2HoYlK-bAU3mLl_eCuLezUWUk4MR-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0AQO3J7syICTURDr04nuzDp7xaPj6NQqyE9PEq-7WrtKxR7CYW8fOsbYErHlGeXE-9ItKJehYFREheVU1Ug3QN07UhixMlDopKqRS2HoYlK-bAU3mLl_eCuLezUWUk4MR-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0AQO3J7syICTURDr04nuzDp7xaPj6NQqyE9PEq-7WrtKxR7CYW8fOsbYErHlGeXE-9ItKJehYFREheVU1Ug3QN07UhixMlDopKqRS2HoYlK-bAU3mLl_eCuLezUWUk4MR-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0AQO3J7syICTURDr04nuzDp7xaPj6NQqyE9PEq-7WrtKxR7CYW8fOsbYErHlGeXE-9ItKJehYFREheVU1Ug3QN07UhixMlDopKqRS2HoYlK-bAU3mLl_eCuLezUWUk4MR-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":292178,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=292178","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":4},"title":"The Diplomat: The World is Ignoring Afghanistan\u2019s Climate Investment Needs","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"21\/12\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"There is no reason to assume giving money to the Taliban would help people in Afghanistan and moderate the brutality of the Taliban government. The Taliban appear to be a group who see common prosperity and human rights as corruption and apostasy. Giving them climate money would just help them\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Afghanistan\"","block_context":{"text":"Afghanistan","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=afghanistan"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/0AP21231369084677.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/0AP21231369084677.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/0AP21231369084677.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/0AP21231369084677.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/0AP21231369084677.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":227451,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=227451","url_meta":{"origin":284243,"position":5},"title":"Britain Missed a \u00a3260 Million Climate Finance Payment Deadline","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/11\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"UK criticised for failing to pay $300m in promised climate funds ahead of Cop27\u00a0","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-172.png?fit=720%2C466&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-172.png?fit=720%2C466&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-172.png?fit=720%2C466&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-172.png?fit=720%2C466&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=284243"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284243\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":284258,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284243\/revisions\/284258"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/284256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=284243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=284243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=284243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}