{"id":284174,"date":"2023-10-20T15:32:25","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T13:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284174"},"modified":"2023-10-20T15:32:29","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T13:32:29","slug":"physicists-co2-only-affects-10-of-ir-in-3-of-the-troposphere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=284174","title":{"rendered":"Physicists: CO2 Only Affects 10% Of IR In 3% Of The Troposphere"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"402\" data-attachment-id=\"284182\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284182\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?fit=2193%2C1220&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2193,1220\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"00AdobeStock_266865139\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?fit=723%2C402&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=723%2C402&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=1024%2C570&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=768%2C427&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=1536%2C855&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=2048%2C1139&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?resize=1200%2C668&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?w=2169&amp;ssl=1 2169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>The radiation balance of the Earth system is an\u00a0accounting of the incoming and outgoing components of radiation. These components are balanced over long time periods and over the Earth as whole. If they weren&#8217;t the Earth would be continually cooling or warming.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"723\" data-attachment-id=\"284184\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284184\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C1280&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1280,1280\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?fit=723%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=723%2C723&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=1200%2C1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=450%2C450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=60%2C60&amp;ssl=1 60w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?resize=550%2C550&amp;ssl=1 550w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00tumblr_m2m5qtMiAO1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"https:\/\/notrickszone.com\/\">NoTricksZone<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/notrickszone.com\/author\/kenneth-richard\/\">Kenneth Richard<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0<\/em>19. October 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>There are many scientifically invalid assumptions in the \u201cgreenhouse gas hypothesis\u201d that the editors of a journal,&nbsp;<em>Earth System Dynamics (ESD)<\/em>, now insist they will never again allow to be subjected to critical analysis in future publications, as the editors of this journal are committed to only publishing studies agreeing with the \u201cconsensus.\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a editorial comment published in the MDPI journal&nbsp;<em>Entropy<\/em>&nbsp;responding to an editorial written by the editors of&nbsp;<em>ESD<\/em>, two Portuguese scientists (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Leslie-Woodcock\/publication\/370156771_Editorial_Comment_On_Earth_System_Dynamics'_Greenhouse_Effect_Editorial\/links\/64457d5fd749e4340e3184d5\/Editorial-Comment-On-Earth-System-Dynamics-Greenhouse-Effect-Editorial.pdf\">Khmelinskii and Woodcock, 2023<\/a><\/strong>) identify at least 8 assumptions in the \u201cgreenhouse gas hypothesis\u201d that lack scientific validation. Despite the lack of observational evidence supporting their viewpoints, proponents of the anthropogenic global warming hypothesis prefer to dismiss and ignore challenges to what they believe is the \u201cconsensus\u201d \u2013 the opposite of what the scientific method requires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For brevity\u2019s sake, only a few of the challenges are summarized below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 CO2 can only absorb 10% of all radiation in the specific IR bands CO2 affects. CO2 \u201c<em>absorbs absolutely nothing at all other IR wavelengths<\/em>.\u201d Thus, CO2 has no effect on IR in 90% of absorption bands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 CO2 can only absorb IR in the top 300 m, or 0.3 km, of the surface-troposphere, which is 10 km thick. Thus, CO2 can only affect 10% of the IR in 3% of the surface-troposphere, where climate change occurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022&nbsp;Because of its vanishingly small effects, doubling CO2 concentrations could only lead to a 0.015\u00b0C surface temperature change, at most. Understatedly, \u201c<em>this effect would not even be measurable<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 Uncertainty in the Earth\u2019s radiation balance is \u00b117 W\/m\u00b2. The estimated radiation imbalance is 0.6 W\/m\u00b2, which is \u201corders of magnitude\u201d smaller than the uncertainty in its derivation. Thus, the \u201c<em>global balance of energy fluxes\u2026cannot be derived from measured fluxes<\/em>\u201c\u2026 and this \u201c<em>profoundly affects our ability to understand how Earth\u2019s climate responds to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The editors at\u00a0<em>ESD<\/em>\u00a0do not view observational uncertainty \u2013 or questions regarding the magnitude of CO2\u2019s effects \u2013 as worthy of critical analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"637\" data-attachment-id=\"284176\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=284176\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?fit=905%2C797&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"905,797\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?fit=723%2C637&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?resize=723%2C637&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?w=905&amp;ssl=1 905w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?resize=300%2C264&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00CO2-radiation-only-affects-10-percent-of-absorption-in-0.3-km-of-a-10-km-troposphere-Khmelinskii-Woodcock-2023.jpg?resize=768%2C676&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image Source:\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Leslie-Woodcock\/publication\/370156771_Editorial_Comment_On_Earth_System_Dynamics'_Greenhouse_Effect_Editorial\/links\/64457d5fd749e4340e3184d5\/Editorial-Comment-On-Earth-System-Dynamics-Greenhouse-Effect-Editorial.pdf\">Khmelinskii and Woodcock, 2023<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Entropy-Editorialv5.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Entropy-Editorialv5.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-5a4cbbe2-7464-40bd-8d3a-bd5cbc918d07\" href=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Entropy-Editorialv5.pdf\">Entropy-Editorialv5<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Entropy-Editorialv5.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-5a4cbbe2-7464-40bd-8d3a-bd5cbc918d07\">Herunterladen<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The radiation balance of the Earth system is an\u00a0accounting of the incoming and outgoing components of radiation. These components are balanced over long time periods and over the Earth as whole. If they weren&#8217;t the Earth would be continually cooling or warming. From NoTricksZone By\u00a0Kenneth Richard\u00a0on\u00a019. October 2023 There are many scientifically invalid assumptions in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":284182,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"The radiation balance of the Earth system is an\u00a0accounting of the incoming and outgoing components of radiation. These components are balanced over long time periods and over the Earth as whole. If they weren't the Earth would be continually cooling or wa","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818076,691823799,691823796,691823800,691818087,691823795,691823797,691823798],"class_list":{"0":"post-284174","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-co2","9":"tag-doubling-co2","10":"tag-earth-system-dynamics-esd","11":"tag-earths-radiation-balance","12":"tag-global-warming","13":"tag-greenhouse-gas-hypothesis","14":"tag-ir-wavelengths","15":"tag-surface-troposphere","17":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/00AdobeStock_266865139.jpg?fit=2193%2C1220&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-1bVs","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":396989,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=396989","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":0},"title":"How CO2 both Warms and Cools our Atmosphere","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"22\/08\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Focusing only on CO2\u2019s warming effect distorts our understanding of how the atmosphere warms and cools. More importantly it ignores how CO2\u00a0is critical for cooling our atmosphere.\u00a0 Oxygen and nitrogen comprise 99% of our atmosphere. Those molecules do not absorb or emit radiation. Our air is heated by collisions with\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Atmospheric physics\"","block_context":{"text":"Atmospheric physics","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=atmospheric-physics"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Mai-2025-19_08_28.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Mai-2025-19_08_28.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Mai-2025-19_08_28.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-30.-Mai-2025-19_08_28.png?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":353156,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=353156","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":1},"title":"CO2 Not a Threat, But Greatly\u00a0Benefits","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/12\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Climate alarmists, the press\/media, and politicians say we must achieve net zero CO2 by 2050 to avoid catastrophic global warming.\u00a0In reality, all humanity and all life on Earth benefit from the increased atmospheric CO2 and the slight temperature increase.\u00a0","rel":"","context":"In \"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\"","block_context":{"text":"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=carbon-dioxide-co%e2%82%82"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0globalgreening_tamo_2017_lrg.png?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0globalgreening_tamo_2017_lrg.png?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0globalgreening_tamo_2017_lrg.png?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0globalgreening_tamo_2017_lrg.png?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0globalgreening_tamo_2017_lrg.png?fit=1200%2C648&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":393075,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=393075","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":2},"title":"Why Current GHG Effect is Simply Not\u00a0Scary","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"05\/08\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The widespread explanations of the greenhouse effect taught to millions of schoolchildren are misleading. The objective of this work is to clarify how increasing CO2 produces warming in current times. It is found that there are two contexts for the greenhouse gas effect.","rel":"","context":"In \"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\"","block_context":{"text":"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=carbon-dioxide-co%e2%82%82"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPrHUoHmDf97P0mkTvoSxmm5WGMxGsQsnHp9BF5pYUk2SiHaylbzRLjxZrfvoPOEip6QHg3qMVg1ZSr-vG86X2TXW2PlkjJuhttdRv8zK-WGnQ_pYOCWK-68alF5kYqO-18NEflStwduRjwIJmK728cx4QJYw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPrHUoHmDf97P0mkTvoSxmm5WGMxGsQsnHp9BF5pYUk2SiHaylbzRLjxZrfvoPOEip6QHg3qMVg1ZSr-vG86X2TXW2PlkjJuhttdRv8zK-WGnQ_pYOCWK-68alF5kYqO-18NEflStwduRjwIJmK728cx4QJYw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPrHUoHmDf97P0mkTvoSxmm5WGMxGsQsnHp9BF5pYUk2SiHaylbzRLjxZrfvoPOEip6QHg3qMVg1ZSr-vG86X2TXW2PlkjJuhttdRv8zK-WGnQ_pYOCWK-68alF5kYqO-18NEflStwduRjwIJmK728cx4QJYw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPrHUoHmDf97P0mkTvoSxmm5WGMxGsQsnHp9BF5pYUk2SiHaylbzRLjxZrfvoPOEip6QHg3qMVg1ZSr-vG86X2TXW2PlkjJuhttdRv8zK-WGnQ_pYOCWK-68alF5kYqO-18NEflStwduRjwIJmK728cx4QJYw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AQPrHUoHmDf97P0mkTvoSxmm5WGMxGsQsnHp9BF5pYUk2SiHaylbzRLjxZrfvoPOEip6QHg3qMVg1ZSr-vG86X2TXW2PlkjJuhttdRv8zK-WGnQ_pYOCWK-68alF5kYqO-18NEflStwduRjwIJmK728cx4QJYw.jpeg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":369299,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=369299","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":3},"title":"Beyond CO\u2082: Unraveling the Roles of Energy, Water Vapor, and Convection in Earth\u2019s Atmosphere","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"10\/03\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Fundamentally the entire man-made CO2\u00a0global warming concept, boils down to the interaction of energy and matter in Earth\u2019s atmosphere.\u00a0The only reason that CO2\u00a0and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) are special is that they absorb most of the radiation emitted by Earth\u2019s surface. Water vapor absorbs across almost the entire emission spectrum\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Atmospheric temperature\"","block_context":{"text":"Atmospheric temperature","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=atmospheric-temperature"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0view-edge-earth-atmosphere-layer.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0view-edge-earth-atmosphere-layer.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0view-edge-earth-atmosphere-layer.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0view-edge-earth-atmosphere-layer.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/0view-edge-earth-atmosphere-layer.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":245592,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=245592","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":4},"title":"The test that exonerates CO2","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"25\/02\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"CO2\u00a0is innocent. Its fingerprint is not found at the crime scene.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-808.png?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-808.png?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-808.png?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image-808.png?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":355289,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=355289","url_meta":{"origin":284174,"position":5},"title":"Climate Models, Clouds, OLR, and ECS","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"19\/12\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"It is now clear, at least to me, that modern climate models make many critical assumptions that are poorly supported and sometimes conflict with observations. This is an attempt to explain some of these problems and how they developed over time. It is long past time for the \u201cconsensus\u201d to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\"","block_context":{"text":"carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=carbon-dioxide-co%e2%82%82"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0scream2.jpg?fit=1000%2C558&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0scream2.jpg?fit=1000%2C558&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0scream2.jpg?fit=1000%2C558&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/0scream2.jpg?fit=1000%2C558&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=284174"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":284185,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284174\/revisions\/284185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/284182"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=284174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=284174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=284174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}