{"id":272374,"date":"2023-08-09T14:20:53","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T12:20:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=272374"},"modified":"2023-08-09T14:27:38","modified_gmt":"2023-08-09T12:27:38","slug":"virtues-toll-grand-green-transition-delivers-horrific-human-rights-abuses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=272374","title":{"rendered":"Virtue\u2019s Toll: Grand \u2018Green\u2019 Transition Delivers Horrific Human Rights\u00a0Abuses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"542\" data-attachment-id=\"272385\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272385\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?fit=2048%2C1536&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2048,1536\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0Siddharth-Kara-1-2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?fit=723%2C542&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=723%2C542&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?w=2048&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?w=1446&amp;ssl=1 1446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From <a href=\"http:\/\/stopthesethings.com\/\">STOP THESE THINGS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"272375\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272375\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?fit=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,683\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-320\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-320.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every wind turbine, solar panel and lithium battery is the product of scarce resources, and not just the rare stuff mined by 9-year-olds in the Congo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Claims about a \u2018green\u2019 Utopia never touch on the volume of mineral and other resources required to get there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nor do the West\u2019s great virtue signallers pay much lip service to the myriad human rights abuses committed in their name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Katie Surma provides a little of the uncomfortable truth below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"482\" data-attachment-id=\"272387\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272387\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?fit=1000%2C666&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1000,666\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 UNICEF\/UNI42003\/LeMoyne&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;A boy (foreground) watches as dozens of men with shovels sift through earth on the slope of a deep quarry in the eastern mining town of Durba in Ituri Province. The mines are only partly functional - some are run by foreign companies or local warlords - but extensive &#039;artisanal&#039; mining continues, as families and children orphaned by the conflict prospect for gold in abandoned mine sites or in riverbeds. [#7 IN SEQUENCE OF SEVEN]\\n\\nIn 2004 in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), fierce fighting continues, part of a six-year conflict in which nearly 4 million Congolese, the majority of them civilians, have died of starvation, violence and disease. Some 6 million people throughout the region are affected by the ongoing conflict, and an estimated 2.5 million have fled their homes.   Relief efforts have been hampered by surges of violence in the resource-rich Ituri Region, as warring militia groups - and outside forces - continue to plunder DRC&#039;s gold, diamond and mineral wealth. International NGOs and large mining companies have pulled out for security reasons, leaving company-built towns bereft of basic services. Children who have been orphaned, abandoned or separated from their parents can now be found living on the streets of larger towns like Bunia, where the presence of MONUC (United Nations Organization Mission in the DRC) offers some degree of safety. UNICEF provides health services, educational materials and other supplies to children living in camps for those displaced by the conflict, but there is a pressing need for shelter and protection services for children elsewhere in the region.&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1087257600&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 Notice: UNICEF photographs are copyrighted and may not be reproduced in any medium without written permission from authorized&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A boy (foreground) watches as dozens of men with shovels sift through earth on the slope of a deep quarry in the eastern mining town of Durba in Ituri Province. The mines are only partly functional - some are run by foreign companies or local warlords - but extensive &#039;artisanal&#039; mining continues, as families and children orphaned by the conflict prospect for gold in abandoned mine sites or in riverbeds. [#7 IN SEQUENCE OF SEVEN]\\n\\nIn 2004 in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), fierce fighting continues, part of a six-year conflict in which nearly 4 million Congolese, the majority of them civilians, have died of starvation, violence and disease. Some 6 million people throughout the region are affected by the ongoing conflict, and an estimated 2.5 million have fled their homes.   Relief efforts have been hampered by surges of violence in the resource-rich Ituri Region, as warring militia groups - and outside forces - continue to plunder DRC&#039;s gold, diamond and mineral wealth. International NGOs and large mining companies have pulled out for security reasons, leaving company-built towns bereft of basic services. Children who have been orphaned, abandoned or separated from their parents can now be found living on the streets of larger towns like Bunia, where the presence of MONUC (United Nations Organization Mission in the DRC) offers some degree of safety. UNICEF provides health services, educational materials and other supplies to children living in camps for those displaced by the conflict, but there is a pressing need for shelter and protection services for children elsewhere in the region.&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"A boy (foreground) watches as dozens of men with shovels sift through earth on the slope of a deep quarry in the eastern mining town of Durba in Ituri Province. The mines are only partly functional &amp;#8211; some are run by foreign companies or local warlords &amp;#8211; but extensive &amp;#8216;artisanal&amp;#8217; mining continues, as families and children orphaned by the conflict prospect for gold in abandoned mine sites or in riverbeds. [#7 IN SEQUENCE OF SEVEN]\n\nIn 2004 in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), fierce fighting continues, part of a six-year conflict in which nearly 4 million Congolese, the majority of them civilians, have died of starvation, violence and disease. Some 6 million people throughout the region are affected by the ongoing conflict, and an estimated 2.5 million have fled their homes.   Relief efforts have been hampered by surges of violence in the resource-rich Ituri Region, as warring militia groups &amp;#8211; and outside forces &amp;#8211; continue to plunder DRC&amp;#8217;s gold, diamond and mineral wealth. International NGOs and large mining companies have pulled out for security reasons, leaving company-built towns bereft of basic services. Children who have been orphaned, abandoned or separated from their parents can now be found living on the streets of larger towns like Bunia, where the presence of MONUC (United Nations Organization Mission in the DRC) offers some degree of safety. UNICEF provides health services, educational materials and other supplies to children living in camps for those displaced by the conflict, but there is a pressing need for shelter and protection services for children elsewhere in the region.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A boy (foreground) watches as dozens of men with shovels sift through earth on the slope of a deep quarry in the eastern mining town of Durba in Ituri Province. The mines are only partly functional &amp;#8211; some are run by foreign companies or local warlords &amp;#8211; but extensive &amp;#8216;artisanal&amp;#8217; mining continues, as families and children orphaned by the conflict prospect for gold in abandoned mine sites or in riverbeds. [#7 IN SEQUENCE OF SEVEN]&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;In 2004 in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), fierce fighting continues, part of a six-year conflict in which nearly 4 million Congolese, the majority of them civilians, have died of starvation, violence and disease. Some 6 million people throughout the region are affected by the ongoing conflict, and an estimated 2.5 million have fled their homes.   Relief efforts have been hampered by surges of violence in the resource-rich Ituri Region, as warring militia groups &amp;#8211; and outside forces &amp;#8211; continue to plunder DRC&amp;#8217;s gold, diamond and mineral wealth. International NGOs and large mining companies have pulled out for security reasons, leaving company-built towns bereft of basic services. Children who have been orphaned, abandoned or separated from their parents can now be found living on the streets of larger towns like Bunia, where the presence of MONUC (United Nations Organization Mission in the DRC) offers some degree of safety. UNICEF provides health services, educational materials and other supplies to children living in camps for those displaced by the conflict, but there is a pressing need for shelter and protection services for children elsewhere in the region.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?fit=723%2C482&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?resize=723%2C482&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Child-labour-mining-DRC-3.jpg?resize=768%2C511&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A boy (foreground) watches as dozens of men with shovels sift through earth on the slope of a deep quarry in the eastern mining town of Durba in Ituri Province. The mines are only partly functional &#8211; some are run by foreign companies or local warlords &#8211; but extensive &#8216;artisanal&#8217; mining continues, as families and children orphaned by the conflict prospect for gold in abandoned mine sites or in riverbeds. [#7 IN SEQUENCE OF SEVEN]\n\nIn 2004 in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), fierce fighting continues, part of a six-year conflict in which nearly 4 million Congolese, the majority of them civilians, have died of starvation, violence and disease. Some 6 million people throughout the region are affected by the ongoing conflict, and an estimated 2.5 million have fled their homes.   Relief efforts have been hampered by surges of violence in the resource-rich Ituri Region, as warring militia groups &#8211; and outside forces &#8211; continue to plunder DRC&#8217;s gold, diamond and mineral wealth. International NGOs and large mining companies have pulled out for security reasons, leaving company-built towns bereft of basic services. Children who have been orphaned, abandoned or separated from their parents can now be found living on the streets of larger towns like Bunia, where the presence of MONUC (United Nations Organization Mission in the DRC) offers some degree of safety. UNICEF provides health services, educational materials and other supplies to children living in camps for those displaced by the conflict, but there is a pressing need for shelter and protection services for children elsewhere in the region.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mining critical to renewable energy tied to hundreds of alleged human rights abuses<\/strong><br>Inside Climate News<br>Katie Surma<br>7 June 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" data-attachment-id=\"272389\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272389\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?fit=1170%2C658&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1170,658\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"0drc10\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?fit=723%2C407&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?resize=723%2C407&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0drc10.webp?w=1170&amp;ssl=1 1170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Over the past dozen years, hundreds of alleged human rights abuses have been committed by over 90 corporations mining minerals critical to the production of clean energy, a U.K.-based human rights organization said in a report released on Wednesday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Business and Human Rights Resource Center said the alleged abuses involve global mining for copper, lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel and zinc, all used in critical renewable technologies like solar panels, vehicle batteries and windmills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The abuses, the report concluded, stem from the failure of the United States and other nations to develop appropriate labor and environmental safeguards for resource extraction critical to the green energy transition, a key aim of the Biden administration\u2019s Inflation Reduction Act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond alleged incidents of assaults, child labor, arbitrary arrests and detentions, the report\u2019s database of 510 alleged violations includes environmental crimes involving the pollution of drinking water and other natural resources, and violations of communities\u2019 rights to be consulted about projects that affect them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The report includes allegations against 93 companies operating 172 large-scale mining sites between the years 2010 and 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Richard Pearshouse, director of the Environment and Human Rights Division at Human Rights Watch, called the report\u2019s findings \u201cincredibly concerning\u201d and said governments need to act quickly ahead of the anticipated acceleration in demand and need for clean-energy materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pearshouse, who was not involved in the creation of the report but who is familiar with its findings, said governments and businesses need to quickly address gaps in environmental and human rights regulations to prevent an escalation in abuses as the energy transition accelerates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In particular, Pearshouse took aim at existing mineral supply-chain auditing and certification schemes that are voluntary, and sometimes led by mining companies themselves. Human Rights Watch has documented problems with those schemes, whereby companies state that their supplies of raw materials have engaged in no improper conduct. In some cases, he said, auditors are paid by the companies being audited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Such self-policing is problematic, Pearshouse said, especially in light of incentives governments are pouring into the procurement of more clean-energy materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThat\u2019s where we\u2019re particularly concerned,\u201d he said. \u201cYou\u2019re seeing a scale up of the means to access these critical minerals, but not yet a corresponding scale up to ensure supply chains meet sustainability and human rights standards.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the United States, the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act directs over $250 billion in new federal spending toward clean-energy, including the procurement of critical minerals and metals. The legislation is aimed at helping the United States meet its commitments under the Paris Agreement, which seeks to limit global temperature rise to less than 2 degrees Celsius, and ideally, less than 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Inflation Reduction Act\u2019s incentives, along with similar legislation being developed in the European Union and elsewhere, are spurring an increase in demand that the International Energy Agency has said will need to increase six-fold by 2040 for the world to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2050\u2014a key goal post to advert the worst impacts of global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As for human rights and environmental safeguards, the Biden administration has taken some action, launching an Interagency Working Group to suggest updates to the 150-year-old U.S. mining laws and issuing an executive order directing governmental agencies to review climate, environmental, human-rights and forced-labor risks, among other things, in supply chains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But human rights experts, including Pearshosue, say binding, independent and transparent safeguards on the procurement of minerals and metals need to be significantly and quickly enacted to meet the moment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Caroline Avan, one of the authors of the report, said she and her co-authors\u2019 were not anti-mining. Responding to climate change is itself a human rights imperative, she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe have to move away from fossil fuels and that requires minerals to manufacture renewable technologies,\u201d Avan said. \u201cThere is no way around that, but it should not mean we have to mine everywhere without any sort of safeguards.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avan and her co-authors recommend policy changes including the enactment of mandatory human rights due diligence laws, which would require companies to identify, prevent and remedy human rights violations. While several non-binding frameworks exist, like the United Nations Human Rights Council\u2019s 2011 Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, transnational companies have remained stubbornly opposed to mandatory legal requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Human rights defenders also need stronger legal protections, Avan said, citing the report\u2019s count of 133 alleged attacks on people who work to protect individuals\u2019 and communities\u2019 rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe\u2019re seeing lawmakers adopting legislation to incentivize mining, but they should also be working on reducing demand and promoting the recycling of minerals to reduce pressures on local communities and the environment,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"479\" data-attachment-id=\"272391\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272391\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?fit=1024%2C679&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,679\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-322\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?fit=723%2C479&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?resize=723%2C479&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-322.png?resize=768%2C509&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some affected communities have offered their own solutions. The Indigenous Huancuire community, which is impacted by China Minmetals\u2019 Las Bambas copper mine in Peru, has called for a community-equity model of ownership whereby local communities have a degree of co-ownership in mines that affect them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"380\" data-attachment-id=\"272393\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272393\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?fit=1200%2C630&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,630\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-323\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?fit=723%2C380&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?resize=723%2C380&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?resize=1024%2C538&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?resize=300%2C158&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?resize=768%2C403&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-323.png?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That model, they argue, would provide financial stability for local families and give affected communities a seat at the table when decisions about the mine are made. Avan said ideas like the community-equity model are about \u201creimagining\u201d the mining industry and the broader extractive sector \u201cbased on respect for human rights.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The data analyzed by the report, aggregated from public sources like news reports and court documents, also tracks incidents of corruption tied to net-zero mineral and metal mining. Compared to the preceding 11 years, incidents of corruption increased nearly 24 percent in 2022, with 10 cases that year compared to 42 cases from 2010 to 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Human rights experts have long argued that relying on the justice systems of countries where resource extraction takes place is inadequate, as some of those countries have weak rule of law where corruption has festered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Berlin-based watchdog organization Transparency International found that most of the materials critical to the energy transition are located in countries that rank poorly on indicators of corruption, including about 70 percent of the world\u2019s cobalt, which is used in wind turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Business and Human Rights Resource Center report highlighted a $1.1 billion fine paid in 2022 by Glencore International A.G. and Glencore Ltd., both part of a Swiss mining company, following U.S., Brazilian and U.K. investigations that found Glencore had engaged in bribery and corruption in Nigeria, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Brazil, Venezuela, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including by making concealed payments \u201cthrough intermediaries for the benefit of foreign officials.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIncreasing global demand for minerals may incentivise companies to cut corners on environmental regulations and effective public participation, suggesting corruption may be closely connected to many human rights abuses in the context of mining,\u201d the report said.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/07062023\/mining-clean-energy-human-rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><strong>Inside Climate News<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"407\" data-attachment-id=\"272383\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?attachment_id=272383\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?fit=1245%2C702&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1245,702\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-321\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?fit=723%2C407&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?resize=723%2C407&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?resize=1024%2C577&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?resize=768%2C433&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?resize=1200%2C677&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-321.png?w=1245&amp;ssl=1 1245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Every wind turbine, solar panel and lithium battery is the product of scarce resources, and not just the rare stuff mined by 9-year-olds in the Congo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":272385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818056,691818076,691821724,691821723,691818154,691818181,691818412,691818322],"class_list":{"0":"post-272374","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-climate-change","9":"tag-co2","10":"tag-human-rights-abuses","11":"tag-lithium-battery","12":"tag-net-zero","13":"tag-renewable-energy","14":"tag-solar-panels","15":"tag-wind-turbines","17":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/0Siddharth-Kara-1-2.webp?fit=2048%2C1536&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-18R8","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":200265,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=200265","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":0},"title":"Planet Strippers: Wind Turbines &#038; Solar Panels Driving Insatiable Mineral Demand","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"18\/05\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Incapable of delivering power as and when we need it, wind and solar are utterly pointless as power sources. But, as a source of insatiable demand for the Planet\u2019s (purportedly) dwindling resources they are first rate. Wind turbines and solar panels devour scarce resources and provide nothing much in return.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0rare-earth-mine.jpg?fit=1200%2C677&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0rare-earth-mine.jpg?fit=1200%2C677&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0rare-earth-mine.jpg?fit=1200%2C677&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0rare-earth-mine.jpg?fit=1200%2C677&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/0rare-earth-mine.jpg?fit=1200%2C677&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":227313,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=227313","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":1},"title":"\u201aGreen\u2018 Fraud: Wind &#038; Solar \u201aTransition\u2018 Devouring the Planet\u2019s Scarce Resources","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/11\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The green dream is not just a folly but a fraud. Those who perpetrate it, like Al Gore, John Kerry, Barack Obama, Greta Thunberg, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and many others, are fraudsters who make Bernie Madoff look like Mother Teresa.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-149.png?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-149.png?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-149.png?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-149.png?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-149.png?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":323590,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=323590","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":2},"title":"Environmentalists silent on human and environmental atrocities","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"26\/04\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"While wind and solar do not emit carbon dioxide, there are substantial environmental degradation and human atrocities\u00a0occurring in China, Africa, Turkey, Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. The materials for EV batteries and to produce electricity from wind turbines and solar panels require large-scale mining of critical minerals and metals, many of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"cobalt and rare earths\"","block_context":{"text":"cobalt and rare earths","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cobalt-and-rare-earths"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/OIG-42.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/OIG-42.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/OIG-42.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/OIG-42.jpeg?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":248646,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=248646","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":3},"title":"Greens refuse to discuss recycling renewables and restoring mining locations to pristine condition","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"19\/03\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The reality is that\u00a0all the mineral products and metals\u00a0needed to make wind turbines, solar panels, and EV batteries are mined and processed in places like Baotou, Inner Mongolia, Bolivia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, mostly under Chinese control.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-766.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-766.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-766.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-766.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-766.png?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":409998,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=409998","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":4},"title":"The big \u2018green\u2019 scam of the century: The \u2018Renewables\u2019 increase fossil fuel demands","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"24\/10\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"In the transition to so-called clean and green electricity, critical minerals and metals bring new challenges to electricity security.","rel":"","context":"In \"\u201cbig oil\u201d\"","block_context":{"text":"\u201cbig oil\u201d","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=big-oil-2"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/0AQOpCzLR-aMUCeQtiGG95hyyv6I-5T4tQrWDC5SWHSZ-SEUdRUIl3Qis0bk0qyXB0lEfxwym1oMKiq9AAXN-SRxtPk6REMYTsnimb1NG0avoMA9hrFoRuBGyJWokor6u-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C703&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/0AQOpCzLR-aMUCeQtiGG95hyyv6I-5T4tQrWDC5SWHSZ-SEUdRUIl3Qis0bk0qyXB0lEfxwym1oMKiq9AAXN-SRxtPk6REMYTsnimb1NG0avoMA9hrFoRuBGyJWokor6u-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C703&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/0AQOpCzLR-aMUCeQtiGG95hyyv6I-5T4tQrWDC5SWHSZ-SEUdRUIl3Qis0bk0qyXB0lEfxwym1oMKiq9AAXN-SRxtPk6REMYTsnimb1NG0avoMA9hrFoRuBGyJWokor6u-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C703&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/0AQOpCzLR-aMUCeQtiGG95hyyv6I-5T4tQrWDC5SWHSZ-SEUdRUIl3Qis0bk0qyXB0lEfxwym1oMKiq9AAXN-SRxtPk6REMYTsnimb1NG0avoMA9hrFoRuBGyJWokor6u-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C703&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/0AQOpCzLR-aMUCeQtiGG95hyyv6I-5T4tQrWDC5SWHSZ-SEUdRUIl3Qis0bk0qyXB0lEfxwym1oMKiq9AAXN-SRxtPk6REMYTsnimb1NG0avoMA9hrFoRuBGyJWokor6u-1.jpeg?fit=1200%2C703&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":195521,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=195521","url_meta":{"origin":272374,"position":5},"title":"It\u2019s time for transparency of the embedded costs of going \u201cgreen\u201d","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"12\/04\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Money to burn concept, one-hundred-dollar bills burning in a toaster The worldwide movement toward the electrification of everything, from intermittent electricity by industrial wind and solar farms, to more electric vehicles, the political actions are supportive of jumping onto the green train, most-likely not knowing\u00a0there is a darker side of\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0san-francisco-fed-promotes-climate-adaptation-loans.jpg?fit=848%2C565&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0san-francisco-fed-promotes-climate-adaptation-loans.jpg?fit=848%2C565&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0san-francisco-fed-promotes-climate-adaptation-loans.jpg?fit=848%2C565&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0san-francisco-fed-promotes-climate-adaptation-loans.jpg?fit=848%2C565&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/272374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=272374"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/272374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":272394,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/272374\/revisions\/272394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/272385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=272374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=272374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=272374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}