{"id":252720,"date":"2023-04-13T20:59:01","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T18:59:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=252720"},"modified":"2023-04-13T20:59:23","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T18:59:23","slug":"noaa-confirm-uah-tropospheric-temperature-trends","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=252720","title":{"rendered":"NOAA Confirm UAH Tropospheric Temperature Trends"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

From NOT A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW THAT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Paul Homewood<\/p>\n\n\n\n

h\/t Joe Public<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

An important new study on climate change came out recently. I\u2019m not talking about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) <\/em>Synthesis Report<\/em><\/a> with its nonsensical headline \u201cUrgent climate action can secure a liveable future for all.\u201d No, that\u2019s just meaningless sloganeering proving yet again how far the IPCC has departed from its original mission of providing objective scientific assessments.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I\u2019m referring instead to <\/em>a new paper<\/em><\/a> in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres by a group of scientists at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) headed by Cheng-Zhi Zou, which presents a new satellite-derived temperature record for the global troposphere (the atmospheric layer from one kilometre up to about 10 km altitude).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The troposphere climate record has been heavily debated for two reasons. First, it\u2019s where climate models say the effect of warming due to greenhouse gases (GHGs) will be the strongest, especially in the mid-troposphere. And since that layer is not affected by urbanization or other changes to the land surface it\u2019s a good place to observe a clean signal of the effect of GHGs.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since the 1990s the records from both weather satellites and weather balloons have shown that climate models predict too much warming. In a <\/em>2020 paper<\/em><\/a>, John Christy of the University of Alabama-Huntsville (UAH) and I examined the outputs of the 38 newest climate models and compared their global tropospheric warming rates over 1979 to 2014 against observations from satellites and weather balloons. All 38 exhibited too much warming, and in most cases the differences were statistically significant. We argued that this points to a structural error in climate models where they respond too strongly to GHGs.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

But, and this is the second point of controversy, there have also been challenges to the observational record. Christy and his co-author, Roy Spencer, invented the original method of deriving temperatures from microwave radiation measurements collected by NOAA satellites in orbit since 1979. Their achievement earned them numerous accolades, but also attracted controversy because their satellite record didn\u2019t show any warming. About 20 years ago scientists at Remote Sensing Systems in California found a small error in their algorithm that, once corrected, did yield a warming trend.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christy and Spencer incorporated the RSS correction, but the two teams subsequently differed on other questions, such as how to correct for the positional drift of the satellites, which changes the time of day when instruments take their readings over each location. The RSS team used a climate model to develop the correction while the UAH team used an empirical method, leading to slightly different results. Another question was how to merge records when one satellite is taken out of service and replaced by another. Incorrect splicing can introduce spurious warming or cooling.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the end the two series were similar but RSS has consistently exhibited more warming than UAH.  Then a little more than a decade ago, the group at NOAA headed by Zou produced a new data product called STAR (Satellite Applications and Research). They used the same underlying microwave retrievals but produced a temperature record showing much more warming than either UAH or RSS, as well as all the weather balloon records. It came close to validating the climate models, although in my paper with Christy we included the STAR data in the satellite average and the models still ran too hot. Nonetheless it was possible to point to the coolest of the models and compare them to the STAR data and find a match, which was a lifeline for those arguing that climate models are within the uncertainty range of the data.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until now. In their new paper Zou and his co-authors rebuilt the STAR series based on a new empirical method for removing time-of-day observation drift and a more stable method of merging satellite records. Now STAR agrees with the UAH series very closely \u2014 in fact it has a slightly smaller warming trend. The old STAR series had a mid-troposphere warming trend of 0.16 degrees Celsius per decade, but it\u2019s now 0.09 degrees per decade, compared to 0.1 in UAH and 0.14 in RSS. For the troposphere as a whole they estimate a warming trend of 0.14 C\/decade.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zou\u2019s team notes that their findings \u201chave strong implications for trends in climate model simulations and other observations\u201d because the atmosphere has warmed at half the average rate predicted by climate models over the same period. They also note that their findings are \u201cconsistent with conclusions in McKitrick and Christy (2020),\u201d namely that climate models have a pervasive global warming bias. In <\/em>other research<\/em><\/a>, Christy and mathematician Richard McNider have shown that the satellite warming rate implies the climate system can only be half as sensitive to GHGs as the average model used by the IPCC for projecting future warming.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/financialpost.com\/opinion\/ross-mckitrick-the-important-climate-study-you-wont-hear-about<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The troposphere climate record has been heavily debated for two reasons. First, it\u2019s where climate models say the effect of warming due to greenhouse gases (GHGs) will be the strongest, especially in the mid-troposphere. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":252726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[691818397],"class_list":{"0":"post-252720","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-noaa","10":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00-thundercloud.jpeg?fit=1920%2C1080&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-13K8","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":299670,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=299670","url_meta":{"origin":252720,"position":0},"title":"U.S.A. Temperature Trends, 1979-2023: Models vs. Observations","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"04\/02\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"For the summer season, there are 26 models exhibiting warmer trends than the observations, and only 1 model with a weaker warming trend. The satellite tropospheric temperature trend is weakest of all.","rel":"","context":"In \"CMIP6 climate models\"","block_context":{"text":"CMIP6 climate models","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=cmip6-climate-models"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-Landscape.jpeg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-Landscape.jpeg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-Landscape.jpeg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-Landscape.jpeg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/0-Landscape.jpeg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253018,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=253018","url_meta":{"origin":252720,"position":1},"title":"Ross McKitrick: The important climate study you won’t hear about","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"15\/04\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"No, that\u2019s just meaningless sloganeering proving yet again how far the IPCC has departed from its original mission of providing objective scientific assessments.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate models\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate models","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-models"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0-round-black-thoundercloud.jpeg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0-round-black-thoundercloud.jpeg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0-round-black-thoundercloud.jpeg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0-round-black-thoundercloud.jpeg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0-round-black-thoundercloud.jpeg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":254196,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=254196","url_meta":{"origin":252720,"position":2},"title":"40 years of expert failure: New NOAA STAR satellite temperatures only show half the warming that climate models do","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"22\/04\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"An all new reanalysis of the STAR satellite data finds markedly lower temperature trends for the last 40 years. The big deal about this is that this third dataset suddenly supports the original UAH satellite data, not the other RSS system, and not the \u201csurface thermometers\u201d sitting near hot tarmacs\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"climate modelers\"","block_context":{"text":"climate modelers","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-modelers"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00modelsvsdata.png?fit=1200%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00modelsvsdata.png?fit=1200%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00modelsvsdata.png?fit=1200%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00modelsvsdata.png?fit=1200%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/00modelsvsdata.png?fit=1200%2C1080&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253072,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=253072","url_meta":{"origin":252720,"position":3},"title":"Confirmed: Climate Models Too Hot to Trust","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"15\/04\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Until now. In their new paper Zou and his co-authors rebuilt the STAR series based on a new empirical method for removing time-of-day observation drift and a more stable method of merging satellite records.","rel":"","context":"In \"Climate models\"","block_context":{"text":"Climate models","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=climate-models"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0climate-models-74.jpeg?fit=1024%2C682&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0climate-models-74.jpeg?fit=1024%2C682&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0climate-models-74.jpeg?fit=1024%2C682&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/0climate-models-74.jpeg?fit=1024%2C682&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253792,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=253792","url_meta":{"origin":252720,"position":4},"title":"Is warming accelerating in the troposphere?","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"20\/04\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"I \u00a0recently published\u00a0an op-ed\u00a0in the\u00a0Financial Post\u00a0describing the findings of the\u00a0new JGR paper\u00a0by NOAA\u2019s Zou et al. 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But look at NOAA\u2019s best estimate of March 2026 temperature departures from \u201cnormal\u201d (1991-2020 average) over North America (below). Yeah, the U.S. was unusually warm. 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