{"id":236621,"date":"2022-12-29T12:09:55","date_gmt":"2022-12-29T11:09:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=236621"},"modified":"2022-12-29T12:09:56","modified_gmt":"2022-12-29T11:09:56","slug":"p-t-barnum-science-startup-make-sunsets-is-releasing-particles-into-the-atmosphere-to-cool-the-planet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=236621","title":{"rendered":"P.T. Barnum Science: startup \u2018Make Sunsets\u2019 is \u201creleasing particles into the atmosphere\u201d to cool the planet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Watts Up With That?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

From MIT Technology Review and the EPA\u2019s \u201cWe only regulate peasants and industry<\/em>\u201d department comes this hot mess of climate ego coupled with P.T Barnum style bad science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

A startup says it\u2019s begun releasing particles into the atmosphere, in an effort to tweak the climate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Make Sunsets<\/a> is already attempting to earn revenue for geoengineering, a move likely to provoke widespread criticism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A startup claims it has launched weather balloons that may have released reflective sulfur particles in the stratosphere, potentially crossing a controversial barrier in the field of solar geoengineering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geoengineering refers to deliberate efforts to manipulate the climate by reflecting more sunlight back into space, mimicking a natural process that occurs in the aftermath of large volcanic eruptions. In theory, spraying sulfur and similar particles in sufficient quantities could potentially ease global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s not technically difficult to release such compounds into the stratosphere. But scientists have mostly (though not entirely<\/a>) refrained from carrying out even small-scale outdoor experiments. And it\u2019s not clear that any have yet injected materials into that specific layer of the atmosphere in the context of geoengineering-related research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s in part because it\u2019s highly controversial. Little is known about the real-world effect of such deliberate interventions at large scales, but they could have dangerous side effects. The impacts could also be worse in some regions than others, which could provoke geopolitical conflicts. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Read the whole story here<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is the basic concept in an image:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Millions of tons of sulfur dioxide gas from a major volcanic eruption can reach the stratosphere. After converting to sulfuric acid droplets, these aerosols reflect energy coming from the sun, thereby preventing the sun\u2019s rays from heating Earth\u2019s surface. Credit: Kristina Ruhlman\/NASA<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The About Page<\/a> of Make Sunsets has this wild claim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

We make reflective, high-altitude, biodegradable clouds that cool the planet. Mimicking natural processes, our \u201cshiny clouds\u201d are going to prevent catastrophic global warming. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Specifically: we release a natural compound via reusable balloons to create reflective clouds in the stratosphere. They\u2019re *really*<\/strong> effective: 1 gram of our clouds offsets the warming that 1 ton of CO\u2082 emissions creates for a year. After three years, our clouds compost and settle back to Earth.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because we deliver our clouds via reusable balloons, we\u2019re able to offset CO\u2082 at <1% of the cost of other solutions. Uniquely, we can also scale to offset *all*<\/strong> of global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We can offset warming from all global annual CO\u2082 emissions with ~$30 million of our clouds, and every $1 billion of our clouds will cool the world by ~0.1\u00b0F!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sounds like sci-fi? It\u2019s not: we\u2019ve already launched our first clouds, and we\u2019ll offset a substantial amount of warming in 2023!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Company Information<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Founded in October 2022, Make Sunsets is backed by Boost VC<\/a>, Pioneer Fund<\/a>, and other friends.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The money quote:

\u2026we\u2019ll offset a substantial amount of warming in 2023!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the end of 2023, we\u2019ll see if their paltry operation has made any difference at all. My bet is on nothing. Or if there\u2019s some natural variation and the Earth is 0.1C cooler than 2022, we\u2019ll get a \u201cSee! Told Ya!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If the planet is warmer, we\u2019ll have a lot of fun taunting, as it should be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But wait, there\u2019s more!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can be a planetary hero and buy \u201ccooling credits\u201d here<\/a>, only $50 for a certificate!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n


We will release at least 1 gram of our clouds into the stratosphere for you, offsetting the warming effect of 1 ton of carbon for 1 year. We will document our releases on our blog.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For reference, let\u2019s look at some actual data on sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere that actually had an effect. In 1991, Mount Pinatubo<\/a> erupted and according to NASA<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Mount Pinatubo\u2019s violent eruption injected about 15 million tons of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. The resulting sulfuric acid aerosols remained in the stratosphere for about two years, and cooled the Earth\u2019s surface by a range of 1 to 2 degrees Fahrenheit.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15 million tons of sulfur dioxide \u201ccooled the Earth\u2019s surface by a range of 1 to 2 degrees.\u201d Yet the founder believes he can accomplish the same thing with weather balloons carrying a few grams of sulfur dioxide or maybe he\u2019s usng pure sulfur, who knows?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yep, P.T. Barnum science. \u201cThere\u2019s a sucker born every minute.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is difficult to tell if this outfit is anything of substance, even though it does appear to have secured venture funding. By the \u201cMake Sunsets\u201d blog post below, it seems to be little more than one guy in Oakland, CA, Luke Iseman<\/a>, who\u2019s upset about \u201cclimate change\u201d toiling in his backyard launching weather balloons purchased from Edmund Scientific while trying to beg money from science-challenged people in the hope of some wishful climate effectiveness. There is no address or phone number. On 12\/10\/22 Iseman made a Facebook post<\/a> l<\/a>ooking for a volunteer to drive a 14 year old bucket truck dragging an Airstream to La Ventana, Mexico where he likely now lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s\u00a0likely that is is another Solar Roads<\/a> \u00a0Deja Vu all over again!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Luke Iseman \u2013 Founder of \u201cMake Sunsets\u201d and self-styled \u201cdefender of the planet,\u201d from his public\u00a0Facebook page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the picture above, it looks like he might be dressed for \u201cBurning Man\u201d or, in his case is it \u201cCooling Man\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

From the \u201cMake Sunsets\u201d blog:<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

It\u2019s Come To This<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

NOVEMBER 23, 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Really? You\u2019ve got to be kidding me. Things aren\u2019t *this* desperate that we need to mess with the stratosphere?!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is a fair and sane reaction; much more reasonable than LFG!! Crazy Balloons FTW!! <\/em>And, on a basic level, it\u2019s right: climate change probably won\u2019t lead to all people dying (probably is a necessary caveat here, as ecosystem collapse will obviously increase likelihood of nuclear war). And, we\u2019re making progress! Of a sort. We\u2019ll probably even wean ourselves off fossil fuels someday, maybe. But, we\u2019re not going to do this and preserve a world worth living in unless we reflect sunlight now. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here are the 5 specific things that personally pushed me over the top to feel that I have a moral obligation to create as much global cooling as quickly as I safely can, in order of which they occurred:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026.<\/mark>1. We can only mine ~10% of proven reserves to (maybe) stay below 1.5C<\/a>. These reserves are already on company\u2019s books and being increased. We will mine close to 100% of proven reserves, as articulated by normally-milquetoast Trudeau: \u201cI\u2019ve said many times that there isn\u2019t a country in the world that would find billions of barrels of oil and leave it in the ground while there is a market for it.<\/a>\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026.<\/mark>2. You know how you\u2019ll occasionally read things like \u201csome permafrost is melting, and there\u2019s methane in there. This is bad\u201d? Apparently you\u2019re better read than the UN climate change folks. These terrifying charts<\/a> assume 0 greenhouse gas emissions from permafrost melting<\/a>. This is what really pushed me over the top.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026.<\/mark>3. We emit *a lot* of carbon. It\u2019s wishful thinking to imagine decarbonization of agriculture, construction, or shipping by 2050, let alone civilization as a whole.<\/a>
\u2026.<\/mark>4. Carbon capture and storage is great\u2026 in the lab. We\u2019re <.006% of our way to 2050\u2019s UN goal<\/a>, and you need to make very rosy assumptions to *even vaguely* imagine a scenario where this works<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026.<\/mark>5. There\u2019s a big difference between 1.5C and 2C. Big as in most coral reefs and global famines big<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unconvinced? Brace yourself<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

So yeah: we\u2019re pretty properly fucked. But! There\u2019s some hope. More on that next post;)https:\/\/makesunsets.com\/blogs\/news\/test1<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Looks like another sad case of climate derangement syndrome \u2013 Anthony<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

It\u2019s likely that is is another Solar Roads Deja Vu all over again!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121246920,"featured_media":236630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-236621","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-uncategorized","9":"fallback-thumbnail"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-894.png?fit=1050%2C695&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paxLW1-Zyt","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":203123,"url":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?p=203123","url_meta":{"origin":236621,"position":0},"title":"China ruins Antarctic Treaty attempt to enact special protection status for Emperor penguins","author":"uwe.roland.gross","date":"06\/06\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"China has thwarted\u00a0an attempt by members of the\u00a0Antarctic Treaty\u00a0organization to enact special protection status for the Emperor penguin, which would have generated a\u00a0\u201aSpecies Action Plan\u2018.\u00a0Apparently, such a proposal required a consensus of all parties and China wouldn\u2019t go along. 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Instead of teaching children how the world works,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"de-Westernize\"","block_context":{"text":"de-Westernize","link":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/?tag=de-westernize"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0107316936-1697209290684-gettyimages-1441827787-ufo-09.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0107316936-1697209290684-gettyimages-1441827787-ufo-09.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0107316936-1697209290684-gettyimages-1441827787-ufo-09.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0107316936-1697209290684-gettyimages-1441827787-ufo-09.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/climatescience.press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/0107316936-1697209290684-gettyimages-1441827787-ufo-09.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/121246920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=236621"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":236631,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236621\/revisions\/236631"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/236630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=236621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=236621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/climatescience.press\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=236621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}